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Histories of citizen journalism / Stuart Allan --The taming of the warblogs : citizen journalism and the War in Iraq / Melissa Wall -- Citizen photojournalism during crisis events / Sophia B. Liu ... [et al.] -- Wikinews reporting of Hurricane Katrina / Farida Vis -- Citizen journalism in India : the politics of recognition / Prasun Sonwalkar -- Human rights and wrongs : blogging news of everyday life in Palestine / Heba Zayyan and Cynthia Carter -- Citizen journalism in China : the case of the Wenchuan earthquake / Joyce Nip -- Blogging the climate change crisis from Antarctica / Einar Thorsen -- The Iranian story : what citizens? what journalism? / Gholam Khiabany and Annabelle Sreberny -- Citizen journalism and child rights in Brazil / Olga Guedes Bailey -- OhmyNews : citizen journalism in South Korea / Chang Woo Young -- Globalization, citizen journalism, and the nation state : a Vietnamese perspective / An Nguyen -- Citizen journalism and the North Belgian peace march / Nico Carpentier, Ludo De Brabander, and Bart Cammaerts -- Indymedia and the law: issues for citizen journalism / Lee Salter -- Citizen media and the Kenyan electoral crisis / Ethan Zuckerman -- Citizen journalism as social networking : reporting the 2007 Australian federal election / Axel Bruns, Jason Wilson, and Barry Saunders -- Crisis alert : Barack Obama meets a citizen journalist / Tom Fiedler -- Citizen journalism in the global news arena : China's new media critics / Stephen D. Reese and Jia Dai -- User-generated content and journalistic values / Jane B. Singer and Ian Ashman -- Wiki journalism / Paul Bradshaw -- The future of citizen journalism / Mark Deuze

Editorial staff play an essential role as gatekeepers within professional journalism. Citizen journalism has the potential to depart from routine journalistic practices and allow for more democratic posting of unmoderated content. Nonetheless, many citizen journalism web sites do have an editorial staff and no existing research has explored the contributions of editors to citizen journalism web sites. I theorize that the editorial staff on citizen journalism sites serve as legitimating organizational structures within the larger organizational field and, as citizen gatekeepers, who enforce journalistic routines. Using a content analysis of a sample (n = 326) drawn from the largest sampling frame of English-language citizen journalism web sites based in the United States to date (n = 1958), I examine the characteristics of citizen journalism web sites with an editorial model as well as how the presence of an editorial staff is associated with the practice of journalistic routines common in professional journalism.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: Citizen journalism at the margins -- 2 Engaged citizen journalism -- 3 Enraged citizen journalism -- 4 Learning from other disciplines -- 5 Schooling citizen journalists -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Index

The importance of mass media tend to described as the fourth pillar of a nation, that represents democration, after the existence of nation sets of government forces. In line with teori agenda setting thesis emphasize media force to influence society agenda, and in the end will brought particular change towards. Post-reformation, media tend to isolate themselves from society needs although society is their biggest and the most loyal audiences. Thus called mainstream media consider economic importance as the most important aspect, this fact encouraging media to deviate from their main purpose as the provider of idea and knowledge, whether to give out information or to accomodate various needs and interest. This condition known as "the end of media", related with this condition the emergence an alternate known as citizen journalism really needed to balance out information current. The existence of citizen journalism encourage audience to participate as subject and object to control journalistic mechanism.

Understanding Citizen Journalism as Civic Participation re-conceptualizes citizen journalism in the context of Habermas's theory of the public sphere and communicative action, to examine how citizen journalism practice as civic participation may contribute to a heathier community and democracy in the civil society context. Citizen journalism has garnered growing attention owing to the participation of ordinary citizens in the performance of news production. Drawing on the authors' decade-long collaboration on citizen journalism scholarship, this book posits a theoretical framework that relies on diverse communication perspectives to understand citizen journalism practice and its democratic consequences. This book will be of great relevance to scholars, researchers, professionals and policy makers working in the field of journalism and media studies, culture studies, and communication studies.

Introduction -- Citizen journalism: complement or threat to professional journalism? Citizen journalism and the rise of "mass self-communication": reporting the London Bombings / by Stuart Allan -- Arab media adopt citizen journalism to change the dynamics of conflict coverage / by Naila Hamdy -- Citizen journalism, agenda-setting and the 2008 presidential election / by Kirsten A. Johnson -- Citizen journalism: should quality matter? empowering the youth as citizen journalists: a South African experience / by Guy Berger -- Public television and its citizen journalism initiative in Taiwan / by Shih-Hung Lo -- Citizen journalism web sites complement newspapers / by Stephen Lacy ... [et al.] -- When citizen journalism promotes a point of view. This is citizen journalism at its finest: YouTube and the public sphere in the Oscar Grant shooting incident / by Mary Antony Grace and Ryan J. Thomas -- Soldiers as citizen journalists: blogging the war in Afghanistan / by Melissa Wall -- When citizen photojournalism sets the news agenda: Neda Agha Soltan as the Web 2.0 icon of post-election unrest in Iran / by Mette Mortensen -- Participation and access: which citizens' voices? social media and postelection crisis in Kenya / by Maarit Mäkinen and Mary Wangu Kuira -- A Burmese case study: far from inherent: democracy and the Internet / by Jaspreet Sandu -- The compelling story of the White/Western activist in the war zone: examining race, neutrality and exceptionalism in citizen journalism / by Gada Mahrouse

The ubiquitous Internet platform in Africa has given rise to a new set of non-state actors responding to protracted conflicts through the use of new media technology. As a departure from a state-centric approach to addressing conflict in Africa, this interdisciplinary study explores the contribution of the public in responding to armed conflicts through citizen journalism. To unearth non-violent African digital innovations, this research explored the Ushahidi platform, which emerged as a response to Kenya's 2008 post-election violence. Using a qualitative method, data was gathered through unstructured in-depth interviews. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. The data showed the transformative role the Ushahidi platform played during Kenya's electoral violence through crisis-mapping, the early warning multi-agent consortium, a constitutional referendum, and election monitoring. Evidence also emerged regarding the pioneer work of Ushahidi in other non-violent technological involvements in addressing crisis in Kenya.

Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi, kini lahirlah perpaduan media cetak dan elektronik sebagai media baru yang disebut media digital seperti telephone seluler serta internet (blog, facebook, twitter dll). Lahirnya jurnalis alami mengiringi perkembangan internet menjadikan masyarakat sebagai Open source reporting informasi yang disampaikan lebih cepat dan bersifat natural tanpa proses editing sebagaimana yang dilakukan oleh penerbitan media cetak. Saat ini citizen journalism masih dianggap sebagai fenomena, namun harus diakui informasi yang disampaikan oleh individu tersebut merupakan firsthand reporting untuk sebuah peristiwa jelas hadirnya fenomena ini membantu masyarakat untuk mendapatkan informasi. Dialam demokrasi masyarakat punya hak untuk berekspresi dan menyampaikan aspirasi atau informasi yang mereka dapat, karena tidak semua informasi bisa didapat melalui media massa. Terlepas dari baik dan buruknya informasi yang di sampaikan tersebut semua bergantung pada jaringan (internet maupun seluler). Hadirnya fenomena kemandirian pengelolaan informasi oleh masyarakat, diharapkan kedepannya bangsa Indonesia akan lebih maju dan disegani oleh negara lain. Berkaitan dengan dunia jurnalistik, makalah ini akan membahas apakah citizen journalism itu memainkan perannya sebagai seorang wartawan? apakah sepenuhnya mereka bertanggung jawab atas tulisannya?. Adakah keprofesionalan melekat padanya?. Benarkah citizen journalism berperan membangun bangsa?.

Citizen journalism is often meant as news sent by citizen to media without journalism competence (background). It's different with the public journalism which always meant by civic journalism and basically developed by professional reporter to respond the raise of public distrust to media and politics. Hard criticisms to the standard and arrogance of media encouraged media to think about function and responsibility to the society and how reporter can be responsive to the public issues. It's named by public journalism. Whereas, civic journalism redefines news values, asks objectivity and impartiality values, encourages involvement of reporter to be active in the society, and wants to practice of journalism which reflects cultural plurality. The citizen journalism encourages change to the informatics democratization. The people power collectively gets more determining the truth of widespread information. In brief, the information isn't dominated by elite community. But, citizen journalism creates the diversity of information and determines what information is needed. It's one of democracy pillar namely press rights. This paper was aimed to examine the influences of citizen journalism to the democratization of Indonesia as the impact of changing over journalism structure from authoritarian government during the New Order to more democratic government of the Reformation Era. This study proposes the correlation between democracy and individual rights existence is very high. Even, it can be concluded that individual rights which represented by citizen journalism is a key factor of democracy.

This article aims to contribute to a critical research agenda for investigating the democratic implications of citizen journalism and social news. The article calls for a broad conception of 'citizen journalism' which is (1) not an exclusively online phenomenon, (2) not confined to explicitly 'alternative' news sources, and (3) includes 'metajournalism' as well as the practices of journalism itself. A case is made for seeing democratic implications not simply in the horizontal or 'peer-to-peer' public sphere of citizen journalism networks, but also in the possibility of a more 'reflexive' culture of news consumption through citizen participation. The article calls for a research agenda that investigates new forms of gatekeeping and agenda-setting power within social news and citizen journalism networks and, drawing on the example of three sites, highlights the importance of both formal and informal status differentials and of the software 'code' structuring these new modes of news production.

AbstractCitizen journalism has never been as strong as it is now. New technology and the Internet have influenced it a lot. The differences between the citizen and the professional journalism - or coopera-tion of these two elements - have become a discussed topic. There are two different views to the issue. Certain experts say it is impossible to compare the professional journalism to the citizen one. But some cases show that the citizen journalism is important part of current media.

The trend of citizen journalism in Indonesia has increased since the emergence of amateur videos of the Aceh tsunami in 2004. This is considered as a momentum of new democracy in media because it allows public to independently produce and disseminate information without being intervened by agendasetting of mainstream media. The power of publication was seen to shift from mainstream media to personal ones. However, this trend of citizen journalism changed as it begun to be co-opted by mainstream media in the form of a user-generated content platform in 2008. This paper examines changes in citizen journalism which is managed by mainstream media by focusing on Kompasiana of Kompas Gramedia Group as its unit of analysis. Using Van Djik's Critical Discourse Analysis and Marxist political economy of media as theoretical approach, it shows that the involvement of mainstream media in citizen journalism is not only seen as a collaboration, but also construction of digital labor. This can be explained by looking at three aspects of Kompasiana commodification practices: regulations, wages, and working hours.