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"The presence of different prices in different databases for the same securities can impair the comparability of research efforts and seriously damage the management decisions based upon such research. In this study we compare the six major sources of corporate Credit Default Swap prices: GFI, Fenics, Reuters EOD, CMA, Markit and JP Morgan, using the most liquid single name 5-year CDS of the components of the leading market indexes, iTraxx (European firms) and CDX (US firms) for the period from 2004 to 2010. We find systematic differences between the data sets implying that deviations from the common trend among prices in the different databases are not purely random but are explained by idiosyncratic factors as well as liquidity, global risk and other trading factors. The lower is the amount of transaction prices available the higher is the deviation among databases. Our results suggest that the CMA database quotes lead the price discovery process in comparison with the quotes provided by other databases. Several robustness tests confirm these results"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

The article is devoted to the analysis of problems arising with introducing the system of the Bureau of Credit Histories. Basic definitions are presented, theoretical and practical issues concerning BCH functioning in Russia and in the world are considered. The conclusion is made that this system allows for decreasing risks for all participants of the credit process.

In partnership with the Department of Industry and Science, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is developing an enduring firm level statistical asset that will increase the capacity of the research community to undertake firm level analysis of micro-economic drivers of performance, competitiveness, productivity and improve the evidence base for policy development and evaluation, leading to more targeted expenditure of government funds. The initial version of the Expanded Analytical Business Longitudinal Database (EABLD) integrates administrative data from the Australian Taxation Office with collected survey data from the ABS for all active businesses in the Australian economy from 2001-02 to 2012-13. This paper provides a summary of the methodology used to create the EABLD, the initial set of data included and a description of potential uses. For example, there are a number of research projects planned which using the EABLD will examine the relationships between business characteristics, innovation, productivity, job creation, entrepreneurship and performance. The EABLD has also enabled Australia to take part in two Organisation for Co-operation and Economic Development distributed microdata projects, looking at the dynamics of employment and micro drivers of productivity.

Introduction; Indian credit characteristics; Credit and Indians; Indian credit in the United States; Bureau financing; 1. Tribal funds; 2. Revolving loan funds; 3. Bureau credit programs in liquidation; A. Reimbursable loans; B. Livestock loans repayable "in kind"; Indian credit in the Gallup area; Purpose and procedure; Review of policy and operation files; Tabulation of Indian credit applications; 1. The Navajo agency; 2. The Southern Ute agency; 3. The Jicarilla Apache agency; Analysis of credit operation; Comparison of Indian vs non-Indian credit characteristics; Analysis of tribal credit program; Statistical comparisons of the relationship between amount of loan requested and estimated net income; Cost of credit; Indian credit in the Gallup area vs non-Indian credit; Administrative costs of lending programs; Lender survey; Requests for credit; Strong and weak points enumerated by agencies making tribal Indian loans; Kind of tribal Indian loans made; Future interest in loans to tribal Indians; Security for future loans by reservation Indians; Future interest rates on loans to tribal Indians; Borrower characteristics stressed; Loan guaranty program; Legal changes believed necessary by non-Indian lenders; Legal aspects of loans to Indians by non-Indian lenders; State laws; Real estate loans; Federal land bank loans; Insurance company loans; Farmers home administration loans; Bank for cooperatives loans; Non-real estate loans; Banks; Production credit associated loans; Farmers home administration loans; Merchant and other loans; Conclusions and recommendations; Recommendations ; Research report containing an analysis of tribal credit programs in northwestern New Mexico and adjacent portions of Arizona, Utah, and Colorado.