Suchergebnisse

Die kleinen Südschwarzwald-Gemeinden Fröhnd und Häg-Ehrsberg im Landkreis
Lörrach liegen in einem dünn besiedelten Gebiet und sind wegen ihrer Nähe zum gewerblich
prosperierenden unteren Wiesental und zu Basel trotz überwiegend sehr kleiner
landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe ökonomisch und demographisch stabil. Die Landschaft
ist geprägt von einem Wechsel von Wald und Offenland sowie einem klassischen
Intensitätsgradienten zum Rand der Gemarkungen. Das Offenland besteht zum größten
Teil aus extensiv beweideten, großflächigen Allmenden. Das Landschaftsbild ist von
einer Eigenart und Schönheit geprägt, die es außerhalb der Alpen nirgendwo sonst in
Deutschland gibt. Die Landschaft soll in ihrer traditionellen Form erhalten werden, und
zwar durch bürgerschaftliches Engagement (mechanische Pflege durch Vereine), traditionell
organisierten Bürgernutzen auf der aufgeteilten Allmende (Weide), "Frondienste"
(mechanische Pflege), die Mitwirkung eines Weide- und Landschaftspflegeverbandes
sowie durch modifizierte, an Pacht gebundene Weidekonzepte, verbunden mit stärkerer
individuellen Nutzung der Allmende, und Pflege durch die Gemeinde.

This article examines the contemporary timber industry as a reproduction of plantation power via remote control, which occurs through absentee landowners, Black family land grabs, new markets for energy, and legal regimes designed to "devalue" common property in favor of individual ownership and profit-seeking productivity. Multi-generation Black homeplaces and communities possess alternative modes of land relations to sustain themselves despite the friction between the economic interests forced by racial capitalism and the ecological interests arising from long-standing forest interdependence. With the Alabama Black Belt and the larger US South experiencing expansion of concentrated forestland ownership and local divestment, most recently through the rise of the biomass industry, the reciprocal traditions of Black forest traditions represent modes of land relation and intervention that are necessary for livable futures.

Horowitz rejects reparations for African Americans. We demonstrate that their heirs are entitled to the property illegitimately obtained by the slave owners. When we operate under the libertarian homesteading principle, the land should be redistributed back to the people who worked and tilled it first. That is, the black slaves. Horowitz's claims against reparations serve as a poor refutation towards the reparations argument. African Americans are entitled to the "40 acres and a mule" that was promised, yet never fulfilled. We rely upon libertarian theory to clearly understand the case for reparations.

If a country's military is to be viewed with pride by all citizens and recognized as reflecting the interests and makeup of the Nation as a whole, it is essential that all racial groups occupy a fair share of the officer as well as enlisted communities.

"In 1948, journalist Ray Sprigle traded his whiteness to live as a black man for four weeks. A little over a decade later, John Howard Griffin famously 'became' black as well, traveling the American South in search of a certain kind of racial understanding. Contemporary history is littered with the surprisingly complex stories of white people passing as black, and here Alisha Gaines constructs a unique genealogy of 'empathetic racial impersonation' - white liberals walking in the fantasy of black skin under the alibi of cross-racial empathy. At the end of their experiments in 'blackness, ' Gaines argues that these debatably well-meaning white impersonators arrived at little more than false consciousness"--

The sulphate (SO4) released by mineralisation and desorption from soil can play an important role in determining concentrations of SO4 in streams. The MAGIC model was calibrated for two catchments in the Black Forest, Germany (Schluchsee and Villingen) and SO4 concentrations in the streams for the years 2016 and 2030 were predicted. Special emphasis was placed on the dynamics of soil sulphur (S) pools. At Schluchsee, 90% of soil S is stored in the organic S (Sorg) pool, whereas at Villingen, 54% is in the inorganic (Sinorg) pool. The Villingen stream chemistry was modelled successfully by measured Langmuir isotherm parameters (LIPs) for Sinorg. Schluchsee data could not be modelled satisfactorily using measured or freely adapted LIPs only, as the Sinorg pool would have to be more than five times larger than what was measured. With 60.5 mmolc SO4 m-2 yr-1 as internal soil source by mineralisation and the measured LIPs, stream data was modelled successfully. The modelling shows that in these two catchments pre-industrial concentrations of SO4 in runoff can be reached in the next two decades if S deposition decreases as intended under currently agreed national and international legislation. Sorg is the most likely dominant source of SO4 released at Schluchsee. Mineralization from the Sorg pool must be included when modelling SO4 concentrations in the stream. As the dynamics and the controlling factors of S release by mineralisation are not yet clear, this process remains a source of uncertainty for predictions of SO4 concentrations in streams. Future research should concentrate on dynamics of S mineralisation in the field, such that mathematical descriptions of long-term S-mineralisation can be incorporated into biogeochemical models. Keywords: sulphate release, organic S, mineralisation, acidification, recovery, modelling, MAGIC, catchments, predictions, Germany, forest

The sulphate (SO 4 ) released by mineralisation and desorption from soil can play an important role in determining concentrations of SO 4 in streams. The MAGIC model was calibrated for two catchments in the Black Forest, Germany (Schluchsee and Villingen) and SO 4 concentrations in the streams for the years 2016 and 2030 were predicted. Special emphasis was placed on the dynamics of soil sulphur (S) pools. At Schluchsee, 90% of soil S is stored in the organic S (S org ) pool, whereas at Villingen, 54% is in the inorganic (S inorg ) pool. The Villingen stream chemistry was modelled successfully by measured Langmuir isotherm parameters (LIPs) for S inorg . Schluchsee data could not be modelled satisfactorily using measured or freely adapted LIPs only, as the S inorg pool would have to be more than five times larger than what was measured. With 60.5 mmol c SO 4 m -2 yr -1 as internal soil source by mineralisation and the measured LIPs, stream data was modelled successfully. The modelling shows that in these two catchments pre-industrial concentrations of SO 4 in runoff can be reached in the next two decades if S deposition decreases as intended under currently agreed national and international legislation. S org is the most likely dominant source of SO 4 released at Schluchsee. Mineralization from the S org pool must be included when modelling SO 4 concentrations in the stream. As the dynamics and the controlling factors of S release by mineralisation are not yet clear, this process remains a source of uncertainty for predictions of SO 4 concentrations in streams. Future research should concentrate on dynamics of S mineralisation in the field, such that mathematical descriptions of long-term S-mineralisation can be incorporated into biogeochemical models. Keywords: sulphate release, organic S, mineralisation, acidification, recovery, modelling, MAGIC, catchments, predictions, Germany, forest