Suchergebnisse

Exposure to allergens is pivotal in determining sensitization and allergic symptoms in individuals. Pollen grain counts in ambient air have traditionally been assessed to estimate airborne allergen exposure. However, the exact allergen content of ambient air is unknown. We therefore monitored atmospheric concentrations of birch pollen grains and the matched major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 simultaneously across Europe within the EU-funded project HIALINE (Health Impacts of Airborne Allergen Information Network). Pollen count was assessed with Hirst type pollen traps at 10 I min(-1) at sites in France, United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and Finland. Allergen concentrations in ambient air were sampled at 800 I min(-1) with a Chemvol (R) high-volume cascade impactor equipped with stages PM > 10 mu m, 10 mu m > PM > 2.5 mu m, and in Germany also 2.5 mu m > PM > 0.12 mu m. The major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 was determined with an allergen specific ELISA. Bet v 1 isoform patterns were analyzed by 2D-SDS-PAGE blots and mass spectrometric identification. Basophil activation was tested in an FC epsilon R1-humanized rat basophil cell line passively sensitized with serum of a birch pollen symptomatic patient. Compared to 10 previous years, 2009 was a representative birch pollen season for all stations. About 90% of the allergen was found in the PM > 10 mu m fraction at all stations. Bet v 1 isoforms pattern did not vary substantially neither during ripening of pollen nor between different geographical locations. The average European allergen release from birch pollen was 3.2 pg Bet v 1/pollen and did not vary much between the European countries. However, in all countries a >10-fold difference in daily allergen release per pollen was measured which could be explained by long-range transport of pollen with a deviating allergen release. Basophil activation by ambient air extracts correlated better with airborne allergen than with pollen concentration. Although Bet v 1 is a mixture of different isoforms, its fingerprint is constant across Europe. Bet v 1 was also exclusively linked to pollen. Pollen from different days varied >10-fold in allergen release. Thus exposure to allergen is inaccurately monitored by only monitoring birch pollen grains. Indeed, a humanized basophil activation test correlated much better with allergen concentrations in ambient air than with pollen count. Monitoring the allergens themselves together with pollen in ambient air might be an improvement in allergen exposure assessment. ; European Commission ; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education

Проведено гематологическое исследование крови (лейкоциты, среднее значение абсолютных и относительных значений популяции лейкоцитов: лимфоцитов, суммарного числа базофилов, эозинофилов, моноцитов и нейтрофилов) военнослужащих и лиц, находящихся в запасе.Показаны сезонные, гендерные и возрастные особенности изменения параметров крови.This article presents the results of a hematological assay of blood (leucocytes, mean value of absolute and relative values of the leucocyte population: lymphocytes, total eosinophil, basophils, monocyte, and neutrophil count) in the military and reserve personnel. Seasonal, gender and agedependent features in blood parameter changes are identified.

Abstract

Objectives
Previous epidemiological evidence for the association of shift work exposure and increased leukocyte count is cross-sectional in nature, thus limiting cause-effect inference. We therefore used a longitudinal design to: (i) compare leukocyte counts at baseline between shift and day workers and (ii) examine the time trend of leukocyte counts over the follow-up period for these workers.


Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 6737 workers aged <60 years at two large organizations (a humanitarian organization and a university) in Bangkok, Thailand who had participated in at least two annual health check-ups during the period 2005–2016. Shift work exposure history was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire and categorized into day, former, and current shift workers. Data on leukocyte count were collected annually as part of worksite health screening during the observation period. Association of shift work exposure and increased leukocyte count was then examined cross-sectionally and longitudinally by using multiple linear regression and multilevel analysis of repeated measures data, respectively. In addition, trends for leukocyte count over the follow-up period and work years were examined using LOWESS smooth curves.


Results
Compared to day work, the current shift work was associated with increased leukocyte counts. The magnitude of percentage increase was the highest for basophil counts, followed by eosinophil and lymphocyte counts. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence revealed this association, although it was less pronounced longitudinally. For total leukocyte count, the magnitude of difference was constant across the 11-year follow-up period. However, for lymphocyte and basophil counts, these discrepancies tapered over the work years until they no longer differed (for lymphocyte count) or even differed in the opposite direction (for basophil count) in later work years.


Conclusion
This study confirmed previous cross-sectional evidence that shift work exposure-increased leukocyte counts and that this was reversible. Whether this increase in immune cell count also results in an increased immune cell activity and serves as the intermediary in the association between shift work exposure and subsequent chronic disease development needs further investigation.

L'hypophyse de ce Cyprinidé aveugle des grottes de Thysville comprend les quatre zones classiquement décrites chez les autres Téléostéens. Toutefois, dans le lobe glandulaire moyen, le nombre des cellules basophiles thyréotropes est particulièrement réduit, leur rareté s'accorde avec un état de régression de la thyroïde déjà décrit à plusieurs reprises chez les animaux cavernicoles. Le lobe intermédiaire, bien que normalement développé, est constitué de cellules qui ne manifestent aucun critère d'activité fonctionnelle, cet aspect cadre bien avec l'absence de pigmentation.

Background: Exposure to ionizing radiations including x-rays and gamma rays leads to abnormal hematological findings, cancer (including leukaemia), birth defects in the future children of exposed parents, and cataracts. There is no published report in Ethiopia addressing the effect of low dose radiation on hematological parameters. Objective: To compare the hematological profile such as (RBCs count, RBC indices, Hb, Hct levels, WBCs, platelets count and peripheral morphology) of medical imaging and therapeutic technologists and controls of selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Method: A comparative cross-sectional study with 182 participants in the period October 2015 to June 2016 was carried out. Of them, 91 were radiation exposed and 91 were controls. Hematological parameters were analyzed using Sysmex XT-2000i. Peripheral blood morphology was done from a stained smear. Data was entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Student t-test was used to compare the hematological parameter means between the two groups, the exposed and the control. Bivariate correlation statistics was used to draw association between the dependent and independent variables. P values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Data was cleaned, entered and analysed using SPSS 21. Result: Mean values of White Blood Cells, Mean Cell Hemoglobin, Mean Platelet Volume, Platelet Distribution Width, Platelet Large Cell Ratio, Lymphocytes, Monocytes and Basophils have shown significant difference from the control group. The mean MCH, PDW, P-LCR were higher while WBC, MPV, LYMPH, MONO, and BASO were lower in the exposed group. Atypical lymphocytes were significantly higher in the exposed group; 65/91 of the exposed and only 7 of the non-exposed group have such abnormal picture. There were larger effects on the lymphocyte of exposed workers with high number of atypical lymphocytes. A smaller but not negligible effect was noted on white blood cells and medium effects on mean cell haemoglobin, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, platelet large cell ratio, Basophil and monocytes. Conclusion: It is not deniable that low dose ionizing radiation is imposing impact on the haematological as well as immunological system of medical imaging and therapeutic technologists as there are larger effects on the lymphocyte and basophil subsets of exposed workers. Key words: ionizing radiation, hematological parameters, atypical lymphocyte

Wei Xiong,1 Mei Xu,2 Yunfeng Zhao,3 Xueling Wu,4 Bigyan Pudasaini,1 Jin-ming Liu1 1Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 2Department of Pediatrics, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, Punan Hospital, 4Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China Background: The major characteristic of COPD is systemic inflammation. The parameters such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and eosinophil-to-basophil ratio (EBR) in routine blood test (RBT) are considered to be the underlying biomarkers of inflammation. We hypothesized that the prognosis of patients with COPD can be predicted with RBT. Methods: Patients with COPD in stable stage were enrolled. The RBT, pulmonary function testing (PFT), BODE index, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were performed at enrollment and every follow-up once in every 3 months during the 24-month follow-up period. Meanwhile, exacerbation count and mortality incidence were recorded. The correlation between the prognostic biomarkers and the prognosis of patients was analyzed. Results: The NLR and EBR in RBT have a significant correlation with the severity of patients with COPD. The NLR is an independent predictor for mortality and the EBR is an independent predictor for exacerbation. Conclusion: As an inexpensive, accessible, and convenient assay, RBT may be used as a practical means in the prediction of prognosis of patients with COPD in future clinical settings. Keywords: COPD, prognosis, inflammation, routine blood test, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, eosinophil-to-basophil ratio

Brazil has the highest number of birds of prey in the world, which are important environmental quality indicators. Nevertheless, few studies of the clinical pathology of raptors have been developed in this country. The objectives of this study were to create a database of owl hematology in Brazil and to compare the values between sex in Asio clamator, Megascops spp. and Tyto furcata. Blood samples were collected from 81 captive owls of 10 species located in Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná and São Paulo states, Brazil. Hemogram and Total Plasma Protein (TPP) values were determined. Reference intervals (RIs) and descriptive statistic values were established using an Excel program with Reference Value Advisor. The reference intervals were the following: A. clamator: RBC (×106/?L) 1.0-2.5; PCV (%) 30.2-50.1; Hb (g dL-1) 6.7-15.3; MCV (fL) 123.8-355.2; MCHC (%) 17.1-38.6; WBC (× 103/?L) 1.2-23.6; Heterophils (× 103/?L) 0.6-16.6; Lymphocytes (× 103/?L) 0.6-10.2; Eosinophils (× 103/?L) 0.0-1.9; Basophils (× 103/?L) 0.0-1.0; Thrombocytes (× 103/?L) 10.8-56.6; H/L 0.0-10.8. Megascops spp.: RBC (× 106/?L) 0.8-2.3; PCV (%) 29.7-44.6; Hb (g dL-1) 6.4-12.4; MCV (fL) 131.6-374.4; MCHC (%) 12.1-34; WBC (× 103/?L) 0.7-23.1; Heterophils (× 103/?L) 1.1-10.3; Lymphocytes (× 103/?L) 0.0-11.5; Eosinophils (× 103/?L) 0.0-2.2; Basophils (× 103/?L) 0.0-0.7; Thrombocytes (× 103/?L) 10.3-43.6; H/L 0.5-7.3; TPP (g dL-1) 2.9-5.1. The parameters for Tyto furcata were presented with descriptive statistics values. Individual data were provided for the others Strigiformes species sampled. This study provides a wide database of hematological and TPP references for Megascops spp., A. clamator and T. furcata and hematological values for Athene cunicularia, Bubo virginianus, Pulsatrix perspicillata, Asio stygius, Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana, Strix virgata and Asio flammeus in Brazil.

Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody is a critical effector molecule for adaptive allergen-induced immune responses, which affect up to 40% of the population worldwide. Allergens are usually innocuous molecules but induce IgE antibody production in allergic subjects. Allergen cross-linking of IgE bound to its high affinity receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells and basophils triggers release of histamine and other mediators that cause allergic symptoms. Little is known about the direct allergen–IgE antibody interaction due to the polyclonal nature of serum IgE and the low frequency of IgE-producing B cells in blood. Here, we report the X-ray crystal structure of a house dust mite allergen, Der p 2, in complex with Fab of a human IgE monoclonal antibody (mAb) isolated by hybridoma technology using human B cells from an allergic subject. This IgE mAb, 2F10, has the correct pairing of heavy and light chains as it occurs in vivo. Key amino acids forming the IgE epitope on Der p 2 were identified. Mutation of these residues ablated their functional ability to cross-link IgE in a mouse model of passive systemic anaphylaxis. These analyses revealed an important conformational epitope associated with the IgE antibody repertoire to a major mite allergen.

The article discusses various aspects of the morphofunctional changes occurring in organs and tissues undergoing aerobic wound processes. In recent years, morphofunctional changes undergoing aerobic wound process have been thoroughly examined, numerous studies have been carried out in order to clarify its morphological, histochemical, immunological, metabolic, and bacteriological aspects, the nature and features of the very wound inflammation process have been refined. Nevertheless, extremely insufficient studies have been carried out into the visceral presentations in aerobic wounds. Quite possibly, it is the structural changes in the internal organs that serve as the basis for the known complications, which in clinical conditions appear as signs of bacteremia, septicemia, and increasing intoxication. In this regard, the study of the state of microcirculation pathways not only in the lesion, but also in different organs and systems is of rather big interest, since the nature of microcirculatory disorders largely determines the characteristics of the course of pathological process at the tissue, organ, and system levels.

To sum up the abovementioned, from a morphofunctional point of view, the author of the study has examined the microvasculature of the mesentery under conditions of inducing an aerobic purulent wound process in rats. It has been established that the most severe changes in the system of mesenteric microcirculation pathways occur on the 7th day of the regional pathological process. Changes appear in the form of signs of endothelial cell degeneration, increased vascular permeability, perivascular edema, and lymphocytic infiltration. In the mechanism of increased vascular permeability, tissue basophils play an important role, which is determined by the processes and their intensive degranulation and the histamine delivery into the perivascular space.

2707 2714 8 ; S ; Ayllón, M. L., Martinez, M. G., Mosquera, M. R., Laguna Martinez, J. J., Martiartu, M. O., & Fernández de Miguel, C. (1995). Fixed eruption caused by ciprofloxacin without cross-sensitivity to norfloxacin. Allergy, 50(7), 598-599. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01206.x Sánchez-Morillas, L., Rojas Pérez-Ezquerra, P., Reaño-Martos, M., Laguna-Martínez, J. J., & Gómez-Tembleque, P. (2010). Systemic anaphylaxis caused by moxifloxacin. Allergologia et Immunopathologia, 38(4), 226-227. doi:10.1016/j.aller.2009.09.008 ; [EN] BACKGROUND: Quinolones are the second most frequent cause of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to antibiotics. A marked increase in the number of patients with HSRs to quinolones has been detected. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with HSRs to quinolones and present methods for their diagnosis. METHODS: Patients attending the allergy unit due to reactions suggestive of HSRs to quinolones were prospectively evaluated between 2005 and 2018. Diagnosis was achieved using clinical history, skin tests (STs), basophil activation tests (BATs), and drug provocation tests (DPTs) if ST and BAT results were negative. RESULTS: We included 128 subjects confirmed as having HSRs to quinolones and 42 found to be tolerant. Anaphylaxis was the most frequent entity in immediate HSRs and was most commonly induced by moxifloxacin. Patients were evaluated a median of 150 days (interquartile range, 60-365 days) after the reaction. Of patients who underwent ST and BAT, 40.7% and 70%, respectively, were positive. DPT with a quinolone was performed in 48 cases, giving results depending on the culprit drug: when moxifloxacin was involved, 62.5% of patients gave a positive DPT result to ciprofloxacin, whereas none reacted to levofloxacin. The risk of HSR was 96 times higher in subjects who reported moxifloxacin-induced anaphylaxis and 18 times higher in those reporting immediate reactions compared with clinical entities induced by quinolones other than moxi-floxacin and ...

The objective was to determine the hematological values of the Tumbes crocodile (Crocodylus acutus), a species categorized as in critical endangered of extinction by the Peruvian Government. Blood samples were collected by puncture of the venous sinus located in the postoccipital cervical region of male individuals separated into two age groups (15 juveniles and 15 sub-adult individuals) apparently healthy from the Tuna Carranza Aquaculture Center, Puerto Pizarro in Tumbes, Peru. After collecting the blood in tubes with lithium heparin, hemogram smears were made and microcapillaries were filled for the determination of hematocrit. The samples were sent and processed in the Laboratory of Clinical Pathology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics of the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. The average values found were: 23.56% ± 3.23 of hematocrit, 8.48 g/dL ± 2.13 of hemoglobine, 0.988 106/µL ± 4.54 of red blood cells y 5.90 ± 4.27 103/µL of white blood cells: 2.68 103/µL ± 1.51 of heterophils, 1.58 103/µL ± 1.4 of lymphocytes, , 2.35 103/µL ± 2.4 of eosinophils, 1.45 103/µL ± 1.71 of basophils y 0.50 103/µL ± 0.85 of monocytes. No statistically significant differences were observed between age groups. ; El objetivo fue determinar los valores hematológicos del cocodrilo de Tumbes (Crocodylus acutus), especie categorizada en peligro crítico de extinción por el Estado Peruano. Se realizó la recolección de muestras de sangre por punción del seno venoso localizado en la region cervical postoccipital de individuos machos separados en dos grupos etarios (15 individuos juveniles y 15 individuos sub adultos) aparentemente sanos del Centro de Acuicultura Tuna Carranza, Puerto Pizarro en Tumbes, Perú. Luego de colectar la sangre en tubos con heparina de litio, se realizaron los frotices para hemograma y se llenaron microcapilares para la determinación de hematocrito. Las muestras fueron enviadas y procesadas en el Laboratorio de Patología Clínica de Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la ...

Complete blood count (CBC) is the evaluation of blood cells, which provides resourceful information. Considering that inadequate fasting time is the most common pre-analytical error in laboratory diagnosis and is associated with lipemia in blood samples, which has not yet been adequately investigated in dogs, this study aimed to assess diurnal postprandial changes in the CBC of healthy dogs fed with industrialized feed. Eighteen clinically healthy dogs aged 2-6 years and weighing over 6 kg were enrolled in the study. All dogs received "Premium" industrialized feed every 12 hours. Blood was collected after a 12-hour fasting period at 6:00 am (baseline), followed by feeding and new blood samples collected hourly for the next 11 consecutive hours. Red blood cell (RBC) counts, red cell distribution width (RDW), white blood cell (WBC) counts, platelets, mean platelet volume (MPV) and hemoglobin were obtained using an automated veterinary cell counter. Hematocrit (HTC) was determined by Strumia's microcapillary method, differential leukocyte count was performed on hematological dye-stained blood smears and total plasma protein (TPP) was determined using refractometry. Variables were tested for normality and differences were considered significant when p < 0.05. A statistically significant decrease was observed in the erythrogram from 2 h for RBC and hemoglobin, from 3 h for HTC and from 4 h for MCV, persisting until the end of 11 hours. There was no change in MCHC and RDW. Regarding the leukogram, a significant increase in WBC was observed from 2 to 7 h, due to the increase in segmented neutrophils 2 to 8 h following feeding. Lymphocyte counts decreased significantly at 2 and 6 h following feeding. No alteration was observed in eosinophil, basophil, monocyte and platelet counts, as well as in MPV. From 5 h to 11 h after feeding, a significant decrease was seen on TPP. However, changes in hematological parameters did not exceed reference ranges for the canine species. Feeding dogs with industrialized feed caused statistically significant changes in erythrogram, leukogram and plasma protein content. While these changes do not seem to exceed reference values for the species in healthy animals, caution is warranted for sick animals with borderline values, in which these changes might be clinically important depending on the pathologic process.

Important physiological changes affect the blood profile of ruminants during the growth phase, but few studies approach the factors involved in these dynamics in lambs. The aim of this study was to characterize the dynamics of hematological parameters, of total plasma protein (TPP), and of fibrinogen in healthy female lambs during the first four months of life. Blood samples of 35 female lambs were collected at 30, 60, 90, and 120 days old to perform the complete blood count (CBC). The erythrocyte and leukocyte parameters, TPP, and fibrinogen were determined. The means for total red blood cell (RBC) counts at 60 and 120 days differed (P < 0.05) from the initial mean, showing a peak of 13.6 x 106 cells µL-1 at 60 days old. The mean values for packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin (Hgb) concentration increased (P < 0.05) until 90 days and decreased at 120 days (36.6% to 33.7% and 11.4 g dL-1 to 10.6 g dL-1 between 90 and 120 days, respectively). The means for mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) increased (P < 0.05) between 30 and 120 days (27.5 µm3 to 29.7 µm3 and 26.6% to 31.4%, respectively). The total white blood cell (WBC) count increased (P < 0.05) and reached a peak at 90 days (9,314 cells µL-1). The peaks for segmented neutrophils (5,141 cells µL-1) and lymphocyte counts (4,236 cells µL-1) occurred at 60 and 90 days, respectively. The means for neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were similar (P > 0.05) between the ages (mean of 1.8) but higher than the reference value for adult sheep (0.5). The initial mean for eosinophil counts (2 cells µL-1) was lower (P < 0.05) than all subsequent ones, and the monocyte count showed the lowest level (P < 0.05) at 120 days (232 cells µL-1). The mean for TPP at 60 days (6.4 g dL-1) was higher (P < 0.05) than the other ages. Except for band neutrophil and basophil counts, and fibrinogen concentration, the hematological parameters and the TPP of female lambs are influenced by age until four months of life and differ from the reference intervals established for adult sheep. Therefore, the interpretation of CBCs performed in female lambs should be made on the basis of age group-specific reference intervals.