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[Inhalt u.a.:] Hansen, Henry: Branch banking in Canada. S. 146-168

Studies abound documenting racial disparity in mortgage lending, yet lenders insist that they do not use race in their decision-making process, but rather rely upon credit scores as an objective financial predictor of an applicant's ability to repay a loan. However, I suggest that because on average blacks and Latinos have lower credit scores than whites (Sheila D. Ards and Samuel L. Myers, Jr. 2001; Stephen Ross and John Yinger 2002; Federal Reserve Board 2007), using credit scores as a primary determinant of loan approval results in an increased likelihood of minorities having loans denied, an example of institutional racism. I suggest and find empirical support for the suggestion that this type of institutional racism has been exacerbated by the U.S. banking industry's move from unit banking to branch banking.