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This book presents a number of aspects to be considered in the development of disassembly automation, including the mechanical system, vision system and intelligent planner. The implementation of cognitive robotics increases the flexibility and degree of autonomy of the disassembly system. Disassembly, as a step in the treatment of end-of-life products, can allow the recovery of embodied value left within disposed products, as well as the appropriate separation of potentially-hazardous components. In the end-of-life treatment industry, disassembly has largely been limited to manual labor, which is expensive in developed countries. Automation is one possible solution for economic feasibility. The target audience primarily comprises researchers and experts in the field, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students

This book presents a number of aspects to be considered in the development of disassembly automation, including the mechanical system, vision system and intelligent planner. The implementation of cognitive robotics increases the flexibility and degree of autonomy of the disassembly system. Disassembly, as a step in the treatment of end-of-life products, can allow the recovery of embodied value left within disposed products, as well as the appropriate separation of potentially-hazardous components. In the end-of-life treatment industry, disassembly has largely been limited to manual labor, which is expensive in developed countries. Automation is one possible solution for economic feasibility. The target audience primarily comprises researchers and experts in the field, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.

Moderne Informations- und Steuerungstechnologien beruhen auf der praktischen Anwendung formaler Logik und (natur-)wissenschaftlicher Methoden. Welche Auswirkungen ergeben sich hieraus für die Arbeit mit dieser Technik? Die vorliegende Untersuchung gibt eine provokative Antwort: Technisches Verständnis und analytisches Denken sind notwendig, doch reichen sie nicht aus, um hochautomatisierte Systeme zu beherrschen. Diese Untersuchung befaßt sich mit der Arbeit bei der Überwachung komplexer Produktionsanlagen. Anhand empirischer Recherchen in verschiedenen Wirtschaftsbereichen wird die praktische Bedeutung einer 'erfahrungsgeleiteten' Arbeit aufgezeigt, ihre Besonderheiten und Leistungen im Umgang mit technischen Systemen. Damit geraten neue Risiken im Arbeitsprozeß ins Blickfeld: Eine erfahrungsgeleitete Arbeit ist wichtig, doch wird sie bei technischen Entwicklungen nicht berücksichtigt; sie wird behindert und gefährdet. Die Analyse der daraus resultierenden Probleme wird ergänzt durch Ansatzpunkte und Perspektiven für technische Konzepte, die eine erfahrungsgeleitete Arbeit unterstützen.

A chapter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "GAO reviewed states' efforts to meet the information needs associated with welfare reform, with a focus on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), focusing on the: (1) extent to which automated systems in selected states meet key information needs of programs that help low-income individuals with children obtain employment and become economically independent; (2) approaches states are using to develop or modify their automated systems to better meet these information needs; and (3) major obstacles states have encountered in working to improve their automated systems as well as the potential role of the federal government in helping overcome these obstacles."

The effects of adaptive task allocation on monitoring for automation failure during multi task flight simulation were examined. Participants monitored an automated engine status task while simultaneously performing tracking and fuel management tasks over three 3D-min sessions. Two methods of adaptive task allocation, both involving temporary return of the automated engine status task to the human operator ("human control"), were examined as a possible countermeasure to monitoring inefficiency. For the model-based adaptive group, the engine status task was allocated to all participants in the middle of the second session for 10 min, following which it was again returned to automation control. The same occurred for the performance-based adaptive group, but only if an individual participant's monitoring performance up to that point did not meet a specified criterion. For the nonadaptive control groups, the engine status task remained automated throughout the experiment. All groups had low probabilities of detection of automation failures for the first 40 min spent with automation. However, following the lO-min intervening period of human control, both adaptive groups detected significantly more automation failures during the subsequent blocks under automation control. The results show that adaptive task allocation can enhance monitoring of automated systems. Both model-based and performance-based allocation improved monitoring of automation. Implications for the design of automated systems are discussed.