Suchergebnisse

L'existence d'actifs titrisés, risqués, sur les bilans bancaires est l'une des spécificités de la crise de 2007-2009. Suite à la crise de confiance sur les actifs risqués, en raison des asymétries d'informations entre les banques (vendeurs des actifs titrisés) et les fonds d'investissement (acheteurs), ces marchés d'actifs se sont gelés. Dans ce cadre, cet article propose un équilibre séquentiel dans lequel la banque centrale peut intervenir pour relancer les marchés financiers. Toutefois, ce rôle de banquier central est celui d'un preneur de risque en dernier ressort en raison du coût budgétaire. Le papier montre alors que la mission de fourniture de liquidités doit être complétée par une politique de gestion des risques du bilan de la banque centrale, sur les risques extrêmes des actifs. La politique de gestion des risques définit une politique macroprudentielle. Une comparaison est faite entre le modèle normatif et la gestion pratique de la crise par les banques centrales.

We endogenize asset liquidity and financing constraints in a dynamic general equilibrium model with search frictions on capital markets. Assets traded on frictional capital markets are only partially saleable. Liquid assets, such as fiat money, instead, are not subject to search frictions and can be used to insure idiosyncratic investment risks. Partially saleable assets thus carry a liquidity premium over fully liquid assets. We show that, in equilibrium, low asset saleability is typically associated with lower asset prices, tighter financing constraints, thus stronger demand for public liquidity. Lower asset liquidity feeds into real allocations, constraining real investment, consumption, and production.

We develop a search-theory of asset market liquidity which gives rise to endogenous financing constraints in an otherwise standard dynamic general equilibrium model. Asset liquidity describes the ease of issuance and re-saleability of private financial claims for a certain price. We model asset liquidity as an outcome of the participation margins of buyers and sellers on an asset market, where financial intermediaries implement a costly search-and-matching process. Limited market liquidity of private claims creates a role for liquid assets, such as fiat money, to ease financing constraints. We show that endogenising liquidity is essential to generate positive co-movement between asset (re)saleability and asset prices. When the capacity of the asset market to channel funds to entrepreneurs deteriorates, investment falls while the hedging value of liquid assets increases, driving up liquidity premia. Our model, thus, demonstrates that shocks to the intermediation capacity of financial markets can be an important source of flight-to-liquidity dynamics and macroeconomic fluctuations, matching key business cycle characteristics of the U.S. economy. ; The ADEMU Working Paper Series is being supported by the European Commission Horizon 2020 European Union funding for Research & Innovation, grant agreement No 649396.

We endogenize asset liquidity in a dynamic general equilibrium model with search frictions on asset markets. In the model, asset liquidity is tantamount to the ease of issuance and resaleability of private financial claims, which is driven by investors' participation on the search market. Limited market liquidity of private claims creates a role for liquid assets, such as government bonds or at money, to ease financing constraints. We show that endogenising liquidity is essential to generate positive comovement between asset (re)saleability and asset prices. When the capacity of the asset market to channel funds to entrepreneurs deteriorates, investment falls while the hedging value of liquid assets increases, driving up liquidity premia. Our model, thus, demonstrates that shocks to the cost of financial intermediation can be an important source of flight-to-liquidity dynamics and macroeconomic fluctuations, matching key business cycle characteristics of the U.S. economy.

AbstractReturn obtained by diversification is based on average quality. Similarly, under asymmetric information, the price at which an asset can be sold reflects the average quality of assets. Therefore, 4under some conditions, sale of an asset under asymmetric information is a useful alternative to diversification. This idea is developed with a model that incorporates a liquidity shock. One key result is that investment in real assets is higher under asymmetric information than under symmetric information. The model can explain why the ratio of real assets to financial assets is higher in emerging economies than in developed countries.