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WOS: 000385394900052 ; The significance of urban development has been realized again while acute shocks and chronic stresses (earthquake or unemployment) affect cities in a negative way. Therefore, urban resilience becomes more important for economic, environmental, and social sustainability of the built environment. There is a wide range of approaches to resilience in the literature such as ecological, engineering, and adaptive systems. Unlike others, adaptive resilience establishes a co-evolutionary interaction between actors (existing building) and the system (external effects) that leads to a continual process on their adjustment. In relation to cities, built environment is also under a constant change. As the advent of new technology has changed buildings' use, some of them have faced obsolescence in physical, economic, functional, technological, social, legal, and political ways. The importance of time-based design over form-based design thinking has come to the fore. However, existing obsolete buildings could gain new functions and contribute to urban resilience and sustainability through adaptive reuse method. The purpose of this study is to provide assessment criteria for existing buildings' adaptive reuse potential in the context of resilient cities. Thus, the research incorporates Holling's resilience cycle (1986) and Schmidt III et. al's building layers and time concept (2009) for resilient adaptive reuse strategies.

WOS: 000453094100009 ; Knowledge and memory influence the interpretations of a built environment, implying particular expectations in regard to the built environments and their roles in a society. People and their culture constitute the spirits of a building and a space. Memory also can dominate many heritage users, individuals, social and political groups over many centuries. Memory and spirit of cultural heritage enriches cultural identity under the global development. The adaptive reuse of heritage buildings is valued for the contribution for social and environmental sustainability as well as retaining memory. The inherent value of cultural heritage components and their place within the community's memory helps to reinforce sense of place. In conservation sense identity, memory and the relationships of people give cultural significance to historical places. Evolution of the built environments bridges past and present to the future and embrace memory. However the cities as organisms are in a dilemma along with the loss of city memories and city spirits. These collective memories that bring spirits to a place play very important role and determine the cultural significance of places. The main contribution of this study is to emphasize the importance of adaptive reuse as a carrier of spirits to have a collective memory in order to sustain the development of a place. This article explores the relations between spirit and memory of a place by focusing of adaptive reuse project in Kirkuk citadel. Aim of this study is to question and evaluate restoration of Kirkuk Citadel in terms of urban identity and sense of place referring the early Kirkuk city and development of it. This paper also intends to put important guidelines for the future restoration projects of Kirkuk citadel - which is very urgently required - and high lights the importance of revitalizing this area, which is now the semi-dead heart of the city. The paper advocates policy makers is to increase the adaptive reuse policy as an integral tool of regeneration and sustainability policies in order not to lose collective memory.

Knowledge and memory influence the interpretations of a built environment, implying particular expectations in regard to the built environments and their roles in a society. People and their culture constitute the spirits of a building and a space. Memory also can dominate many heritage users, individuals, social and political groups over many centuries. Memory and spirit of cultural heritage enriches cultural identity under the global development. The adaptive reuse of heritage buildings is valued for the contribution for social and environmental sustainability as well as retaining memory. The inherent value of cultural heritage components and their place within the community's memory helps to reinforce sense of place. In conservation sense identity, memory and the relationships of people give cultural significance to historical places.Evolution of the built environments bridges past and present to the future and embrace memory. However the cities as organisms are in a dilemma along with the loss of city memories and city spirits. These collective memories that bring spirits to a place play very important role and determine the cultural significance of places. The main contribution of this study is to emphasize the importance of adaptive reuse as a carrier of spirits to have a collective memory in order to sustain the development of a place. This article explores the relations between spirit and memory of a place by focusing of adaptive reuse project in Kirkuk citadel. Aim of this study is to question and evaluate restoration of Kirkuk Citadel in terms of urban identity and sense of place referring the early Kirkuk city and development of it. This paper also intends to put important guidelines for the future restoration projects of Kirkuk citadel – which is very urgently required – and high lights the importance of revitalizing this area, which is now the semi-dead heart of the city. The paper advocates policy makers is to increase the adaptive reuse policy as an integral tool of regeneration and sustainability policies in order not to lose collective memory.

Knowledge and memory influence the interpretations of a built environment, implying particular expectations in regard to the built environments and their roles in a society. People and their culture constitute the spirits of a building and a space. Memory also can dominate many heritage users, individuals, social and political groups over many centuries. Memory and spirit of cultural heritage enriches cultural identity under the global development. The adaptive reuse of heritage buildings is valued for the contribution for social and environmental sustainability as well as retaining memory. The inherent value of cultural heritage components and their place within the community's memory helps to reinforce sense of place. In conservation sense identity, memory and the relationships of people give cultural significance to historical places. Evolution of the built environments bridges past and present to the future and embrace memory. However the cities as organisms are in a dilemma along with the loss of city memories and city spirits. These collective memories that bring spirits to a place play very important role and determine the cultural significance of places. The main contribution of this study is to emphasize the importance of adaptive reuse as a carrier of spirits to have a collective memory in order to sustain the development of a place. This article explores the relations between spirit and memory of a place by focusing of adaptive reuse project in Kirkuk citadel. Aim of this study is to question and evaluate restoration of Kirkuk Citadel in terms of urban identity and sense of place referring the early Kirkuk city and development of it. This paper also intends to put important guidelines for the future restoration projects of Kirkuk citadel – which is very urgently required – and high lights the importance of revitalizing this area, which is now the semi-dead heart of the city. The paper advocates policy makers is to increase the adaptive reuse policy as an integral tool of regeneration and sustainability policies in order not to lose collective memory. ; URL: http://iconarp.selcuk.edu.tr/iconarp/article/view/183 DOI:10.15320/ICONARP.2017.30

A large number of caravanserais were built during the Safavid era in Iran. However, due to the natural effects and human neglecting actions they are going to be ruined. Adaptive reuse of Safavid Caravanserais can be considered as one of the possibilities to preserve them from being demolished. The present study intends to categorize caravanserais based on the diversity of Iranian geographical and climatic zones as well as their distances from urban centers to determine their potential for adapting reuses. Since several of caravanserais still possess a characteristic building plan to accommodate travelers and are capable of retaining their functional elements, adaptive reuse can be applied. Therefore, the decision to reuse some of the buildings as hotels or restaurants seems rational.

We live in a society that is constantly in change. As society moves forward, we experience social, political and economic shifts that somehow prove difficult for our buildings to survive in this rapid change. My Interest therefore looks to adaptive reuse as an approach to dealing with the change in our built environment. How do you deal, in an urban setting, with a neglected urban fabric without compromising Its historical and architectural memory which becomes important to a community? How do we begin to engage with the built fabric? It begins with accepting that transformation needs to occur. Adaptive reuse ensures the evolving life of any old building by expanding its practical use in its contemporary context. Existing and abandoned buildings represent a substantial resource. Through adaptive reuse, many buildings can continue to be brought back into use and contribute to a more sustainable development pattern. Old buildings in my opinion possess a timeless character. The aim of this document is to Investigate the potential of adaptive reuse as a response in transforming an existing structure on the brink of neglect into potentially a space that could be reused and function in a way that it supports the community and promote social engagement. The design and research develops a theoretically informed and sustainable approach to recycling built fabric in its contemporary urban context by linking patterns of adaptation and reuse to the change experienced in the contemporary built environment.

Purpose – Adaptive reuse is commonly applied to heritage buildings in western countries. In Hong Kong, heritage conservation has become a heated topic in recent decade. The strategy of adaptive reuse is widely testified in the heritage buildings, whereas a greater degree of variations is normally found. To address this issue, this dissertation aims at evaluating the success and unsuccess of undertaking adaptive reuse in Hong Kong. Possible measures to resolve the problem can be worked out in this light. Methodology – To analyze the current situation, I will look into the actors' perceptions and behaviors in the process of adaptive reuse. I will adopt a comparative case studies approach, and four selected cases will be discussed. Major determinants in shaping the success of adaptive reuse will be highlighted so as to substantiate my hypothesis: The government incentive is the key to the success in the adaptive-reuse project. Findings – Both primary data and secondary data will be used. Primary data is mainly based on the interviews with a non-profit organization and site visits on selected heritage site. Secondary data comes from official publications, articles, academic journals and documentary. Implications - Government incentives are necessary to ease the financial difficulty for the operators in a short run. Adequate incentives to the private owners help to lobby for the acquisition of the heritage ownership. It is significant that a high degree of transparency on using the incentives can relieve the public tensions. To a large extent, it facilitates the process of adaptive reuse of heritage buildings. ; published_or_final_version ; Housing Management ; Master ; Master of Housing Management