Suchergebnisse

The origins of neural systems remain unresolved. In contrast to other basal metazoans, ctenophores (comb jellies) have both complex nervous and mesoderm-derived muscular systems. These holoplanktonic predators also have sophisticated ciliated locomotion, behaviour and distinct development. Here we present the draft genome of Pleurobrachia bachei, Pacific sea gooseberry, together with ten other ctenophore transcriptomes, and show that they are remarkably distinct from other animal genomes in their content of neurogenic, immune and developmental genes. Our integrative analyses place Ctenophora as the earliest lineage within Metazoa. This hypothesis is supported by comparative analysis of multiple gene families, including the apparent absence of HOX genes, canonical microRNA machinery, and reduced immune complement in ctenophores. Although two distinct nervous systems are well recognized in ctenophores, many bilaterian neuron-specific genes and genes of 'classical' neurotransmitter pathways either are absent or, if present, are not expressed in neurons. Our metabolomic and physiological data are consistent with the hypothesis that ctenophore neural systems, and possibly muscle specification, evolved independently from those in other animals. ; This work was supported by NSF (NSF-0744649 and NSF CNS-0821622 to L.L.M.; NSF CHE-1111705 to J.V.S.), NIH (1R01GM097502, R01MH097062, R21RR025699 and 5R21DA030118 to L.L.M.; P30 DA018310 to J.V.S.; R01 AG029360 and 1S10RR027052 to E.I.R.), NASA/nNNX13AJ31G (to K.M.H., L.L.M. and K.M.K.), NSERC 458115 and 211598 (J.P.R.), University of Florida Opportunity Funds/McKnight Brain Research and Florida Biodiversity Institute (L.L.M.), Rostock Inc./A.V. Chikunov (E.I.R.), grant from Russian Federation Government 14.B25.31.0033 (Resolution No.220) (E.I.R.). F.A.K., I.S.P. and R.D.were supported by HHMI(55007424),EMBO and MINECO(BFU2012-31329 and Sev-2012-0208). Contributions of AU Marine Biology Program 117 and Molette laboratory 22.

Nach einem historisch-politischen Vorspann wird in dieser Studie ein Überblick über die Entwicklung der Exportwirtschaft Macaus während der Jahre 1979 bis 1986 gegeben. Die Exportstruktur Macaus und das Problem der Diversifikation. Seine Exporte in die VR China. Geringe Hafenkapazitäten Macaus. (DÜI-Sen)

Überblick über Stärke, politische Zuordnung, Ausrüstung und ausländische militärische und finanzielle Unterstützung der gegenwärtig in Kambodscha operierenden Streitkräfte (vietnamesische Volksarmee, Streitkräfte unter Heng Samrin, Rote Khmer unter Son Sen, Volksbefreiungsfront unter Sak Sutsakhan und Prinz Sihanouks Armee). Verlauf der Kämpfe nach dem Fall Phnom Penhs am 7.1.1979; trotz Erfolgen der vietnamesischen Streitkräfte gegenüber den Widerstandsbewegungen ab 1985 ist ein Ende des von Vietnam zunächst als "Blitzkrieg" geplanten Einsatzes in Kambodscha nicht abzusehen. (IMSG, Wien, gekürzt/DÜI)

Mzeno (the 'great song', -zena, to play slowly, in a relaxed manner) Mzeno is considered the core movement of the timbila dance. It has a dramatic intensity, with two changes of tempo that makes it unique. When musicians sit around, they often reminisce about Mzeno movements of past years, their music and lyrics. Some mizeno, such as "Hinganyengisa†composed by Katini in 1942 and given below, are widely known among Chopi and recalled for many years. The cycle length is normally 16 beats, the tonality often primarily an alternation of the two chords, CEA and DFB (remembering that these are the Chopi notes, not the Western).

p. 57-83 ; Abstract in Polish and English. ; The article deals with the Belarusian school system in Latvia under German occupation. Belarusians were one of the most numerous minorities in that country, both in the inter-war period and during World War Two. In German-occupied Latvia, Belarusian nationality was declared by more than 50,000 people. For political reasons, the occupation authorities allowed Belarusian schools to operate in areas with significant Belarusian population. As a result, thirty-five primary schools, two middle schools, and one secondary agricultural school, employing about a hundred teachers in total, were opened. These schools were attended by a few thousand pupils, the majority of which were children of petty and landless peasants. The Belarusian school system struggled because of numerous material issues. ; s. 57-83 ; Abstrakt w języku polskim i angielskim ; Artykuł traktuje o szkolnictwie białoruskim na Łotwie pod okupacją niemiecką. Bialorusini należeli do najliczniejszej mniejszości na Łotwie zarówno w okresie międzywojennym, jak i w czasie II wojny światowej. W okupowanej przez Niemców Łotwie narodowość białoruską podało blisko 50 tys. ludzi. Ze względów politycznych władz okupacyjne zezwoliły na funkcjonowanie szkolnictwa białoruskiego w regionach zamieszkałych przez ludność białoruską. W wyniku otwarto 35 szkół podstawowych, dwa gimnazja i jedną średnią szkołę rolniczą, w których pracowało ok. 100 nauczycieli. Do szkół białoruskich uczęszczało kilka tysięcy uczniów, większość których stanowili dzieci małorolnych i bezrolnych chłopów. Szkolnictwo białoruskie borykało się z wieloma problemami natury materialnej.

p. 239-260 ; The case of Henryk Dembiński (1908–41) represents the left-wing involvement of Polish intellectuals in the interwar period. After 1945, the party historians left a communist mark on his image. Those in exile also accepted this thesis. In fact, party historians portrayed Dembiński's life in a one-sided fashion and omitted events inconsistent with their narrative. In light an of relevant accounts and documents, this article shows that Dembiński was neither a member of the communist party nor its youth organisation even though, in 1935–6, he participated in some activities inspired by the Communist Party of Poland (KPP), and edited a periodical supported financially by the KPP. It is unclear whether this was conscious cooperation or a matter of manipulation by the party. In 1937, Dembiński joined the Polish Socialist Party (PPS) and was engaged in catholic activities centre, which the communists at the time perceived as a change of his political views. Nonetheless, after the war, party historians unequivocally stated that he was a communist. ; s. 239-260 ; The case of Henryk Dembiński (1908–41) represents the left-wing involvement of Polish intellectuals in the interwar period. After 1945, the party historians left a communist mark on his image. Those in exile also accepted this thesis. In fact, party historians portrayed Dembiński's life in a one-sided fashion and omitted events inconsistent with their narrative. In light an of relevant accounts and documents, this article shows that Dembiński was neither a member of the communist party nor its youth organisation even though, in 1935–6, he participated in some activities inspired by the Communist Party of Poland (KPP), and edited a periodical supported financially by the KPP. It is unclear whether this was conscious cooperation or a matter of manipulation by the party. In 1937, Dembiński joined the Polish Socialist Party (PPS) and was engaged in catholic activities centre, which the communists at the time perceived as a change of his political views. Nonetheless, after the war, party historians unequivocally stated that he was a communist.

p. 245-273 ; Intensive archival and historical research conducted in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries led researchers to think that all Renaissance military treatises were recognized and their content was subjected to a detailed analysis. For this reason we can perceive the identification in the years 2009–2014 of the three manuscripts written by Albert of Hohenzollern as a sensational discovery. This article is aimed to provide researchers with new sources together with their brief description and to discuss the current state of knowledge on the origins and the further fate of these manuscripts. ; s. 245-273 ; Intensive archival and historical research conducted in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries led researchers to think that all Renaissance military treatises were recognized and their content was subjected to a detailed analysis. For this reason we can perceive the identification in the years 2009–2014 of the three manuscripts written by Albert of Hohenzollern as a sensational discovery. This article is aimed to provide researchers with new sources together with their brief description and to discuss the current state of knowledge on the origins and the further fate of these manuscripts.

Programa de Doutoramento em Migrações. Tese de doutoramento, Geografia (Geografia Humana), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Instituto de Educação e Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território, 2018 ; This thesis offers an innovative contribution to academic mobility as an emerging field of study. More specifically, it proposes a comparative analysis between two different academic mobility patterns in Europe: the mobility of Italian academics to Lisbon and London, as examples of long-term displacements from and to the European south and from the south to the north of Europe. Despite Brexit – Britain's vote to leave the European Union – and its uncertain effects, the United Kingdom is a traditional example of 'core country', attracting academics, and not only, from all over the world. Portugal, instead, is a European 'semi-periphery country' whose scientific system 'is marked by a semi-peripheral condition' (Delicado 2013: 125). Main dynamics and features of the two mobility patterns are explored and compared, ultimately offering meaningful insights into the several ways in which intra-EU academic mobility can be conceived and experienced. In an increasingly connected world, research activity is becoming more internationally oriented and collaborations among universities a widespread practice. Although the prominence of academic mobility within both national and European debate, however, there is still a limited understanding on how academic mobility is constituted as an object of inquiry – mostly conceived as a positive force (Robertson 2010) contributing to excellence (European Commission 2014a). As appealing as this idea is, it is important to address the less positive sides of the phenomenon. This means, inter alia, recognising that different patterns of intra-EU academic mobility exist and produce diverse effects on the people and the places involved. A mixed method approach is adopted in this study. More specifically, the empirical part of the research ...