Suchergebnisse

Los lugares se (re)construyen para el consumo turístico a través de la promoción de ciertas imágenes con implicaciones para el entorno construido. El acto de consumir lugares en sí mismo, es una forma de creación y de alteración de dichos lugares. El consumo físico y visual de lugares conforma también el significado cultural asignado a espacios y lugares. Los nuevos significados del lugar emergen entrando a menudo en conflicto con los significados que se adscriben a la comunidad local. Esos procesos de mercantilización son bien conocidos para los teóricos y profesionales del mundo cultural. El artículo utiliza una amplia literatura para informar un estudio más específico que revela el papel de la intervención estatal en un proceso que incluye los centros suburbanos de las ciudades globales. Newtown en Sidney, Australia, está siendo remodelado mediante una convergencia de las fuerzas del mercado expresadas en la "elitización" y las iniciativas gubernamentales de carácter empresarial. En dicho proceso se muestra la pérdida de cierta autenticidad que era parte del atractivo del lugar original. ; Places are (re)constructed for tourism consumption through the promotion of certain images that have implications for the built environment. The act of consuming places itself is a place creating and place altering force. The visual and physical consumption of places also shapes the cultural meaning attached to spaces and places. New meanings of place emerge which often conflict with the meanings once ascribed by the local community. These processes of commodification are well known to cultural theorists and practitioners. This paper uses the broader literature to inform a more specific study revealing state intervention in a process now enveloping suburban centres in global cities. Newtown in Sydney, Australia finds itself being reshaped through a convergence of the market forces of gentrification and the entrepreneurial initiatives of government and in the process is seen to be losing some of the authenticity which was part of the appeal in the first place.

Los lugares se (re)construyen para el consumo turístico a través de la promoción de ciertas imágenes con implicaciones para el entorno construido. El acto de consumir lugares en sí mismo, es una forma de creación y de alteración de dichos lugares. El consumo físico y visual de lugares conforma también el significado cultural asignado a espacios y lugares. Los nuevos significados del lugar emergen entrando a menudo en conflicto con los significados que se adscriben a la comunidad local. Esos procesos de mercantilización son bien conocidos para los teóricos y profesionales del mundo cultural. El artículo utiliza una amplia literatura para informar un estudio más específico que revela el papel de la intervención estatal en un proceso que incluye los centros suburbanos de las ciudades globales. Newtown en Sidney, Australia, está siendo remodelado mediante una convergencia de las fuerzas del mercado expresadas en la "elitización" y las iniciativas gubernamentales de carácter empresarial. En dicho proceso se muestra la pérdida de cierta autenticidad que era parte del atractivo del lugar original. ; Places are (re)constructed for tourism consumption through the promotion of certain images that have implications for the built environment. The act of consuming places itself is a place creating and place altering force. The visual and physical consumption of places also shapes the cultural meaning attached to spaces and places. New meanings of place emerge which often conflict with the meanings once ascribed by the local community. These processes of commodification are well known to cultural theorists and practitioners. This paper uses the broader literature to inform a more specific study revealing state intervention in a process now enveloping suburban centres in global cities. Newtown in Sydney, Australia finds itself being reshaped through a convergence of the market forces of gentrification and the entrepreneurial initiatives of government and in the process is seen to be losing some of the authenticity which was part of the appeal in the first place.

Portada, índex i editorial del número monogràfic especial "Immigració, habitatge i ciutat: Condicions habitacionals, urbanes i d'accés a l'habitatge, conseqüències urbanes i socials i criteris d'actuació per Barcelona i Madrid", projecte finançat pel Ministeri de Ciència i Innovació (CSO2008-04337/SOCI) del Govern d'Espanya. ; Cover, index and editorial of special issue "Immigration, housing and city housing conditions, and access to urban housing, urban and social consequences and performance criteria for Barcelona and Madrid" project funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (CSO2008-04337/SOCI) of the Government of Spain. ; Portada, índice y editorial del número monográfico especial "Inmigración, vivienda y ciudad: Condiciones habitacionales, urbanas y de acceso a la vivienda, consecuencias urbanas y sociales y criterios de actuación para Barcelona y Madrid", proyecto financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (CSO2008-04337/SOCI) del Gobierno de España. ; Peer Reviewed

Portada, índex i editorial del número monogràfic especial "Immigració, habitatge i ciutat: Condicions habitacionals, urbanes i d'accés a l'habitatge, conseqüències urbanes i socials i criteris d'actuació per Barcelona i Madrid", projecte finançat pel Ministeri de Ciència i Innovació (CSO2008-04337/SOCI) del Govern d'Espanya. ; Cover, index and editorial of special issue "Immigration, housing and city housing conditions, and access to urban housing, urban and social consequences and performance criteria for Barcelona and Madrid" project funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (CSO2008-04337/SOCI) of the Government of Spain. ; Portada, índice y editorial del número monográfico especial "Inmigración, vivienda y ciudad: Condiciones habitacionales, urbanas y de acceso a la vivienda, consecuencias urbanas y sociales y criterios de actuación para Barcelona y Madrid", proyecto financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (CSO2008-04337/SOCI) del Gobierno de España. ; Peer Reviewed

Reinhabitating means to stimulate a new attitude towards the use of dwellings and towards the necessity and nature of refurbishing, thinking about a new or different use or just about extending the life cycle of that commonly considered old. Reflecting on the use of our houses from this point of view, turns out to be especially suitable in the actual economical time of crisis, and notably in a country dealing with an oversized housing development. A newspaper's new allows us to enlighten this situation. In 2004, more houses were built in Spain than altogether in Germany, France and Italy. In other words, a country with a population of 44 million inhabitants built more houses than three countries whose population comes altogether to 204 million inhabitants, almost five times the amount of Spain inhabitants. Under these circumstances and considering the high amount of empty dwellings, secondary residences, as well as unoccupied industrial and services facilities in good conditions, a research about new housing seems to be, nevertheless, a perfectly deferrable matter. More than a century ago it was published "The Practicon. Complete treatise on cooking and reusing the leftovers". In that text Angel Muro, the author, defended a cuisine based on using the leftovers of meals and managing to cook with them delicious courses. We think that the house, its conception, its equipment and its form, remain buried by an avalanche of premises which always try to find an ideal house, as an impossible research. Perhaps studying the way of reinhabitating pre-existing houses, does not finally turn out to be just a naïve effort, but the most honest way to approach the actual housing situation while enabling an open-ended process of improvement. During 2009 and 2010 Habitar, a research group of the Catalan Polytechnic University, worked on this concept applied to the city of Madrid thanks to an I+D Research project granted by the Spanish Government, which concluded with the diffusion of the results by means of six exhibitions and nine small books. To take advantage of the leftovers of the Spanish opulence edge is the main aim of the present research, that pretend to assign a new use to preexistences. We do not refer to refurbishing or to interventions which pursue the renewal of a building, but to the proposal of modification of the use of the building itself. Reinhabitating does not mean restoring. Reinhabitating is reusing architecture, but just modifying the way of using it. It has not to do with plastic interventions, but with the how itself. In this article we will explain our experience with the popularization of these concepts which were applied to the house, to the street and to the city. ; This work has been supported by the "Associació Catalana d'Universitats Públiques" under the project grant RecerCaixa 2010 - Rehabitar "Rehabitar: la casa, el carrer i la ciutat". ; Postprint (published version)

Reinhabitating means to stimulate a new attitude towards the use of dwellings and towards the necessity and nature of refurbishing, thinking about a new or different use or just about extending the life cycle of that commonly considered old. Reflecting on the use of our houses from this point of view, turns out to be especially suitable in the actual economical time of crisis, and notably in a country dealing with an oversized housing development. A newspaper's new allows us to enlighten this situation. In 2004, more houses were built in Spain than altogether in Germany, France and Italy. In other words, a country with a population of 44 million inhabitants built more houses than three countries whose population comes altogether to 204 million inhabitants, almost five times the amount of Spain inhabitants. Under these circumstances and considering the high amount of empty dwellings, secondary residences, as well as unoccupied industrial and services facilities in good conditions, a research about new housing seems to be, nevertheless, a perfectly deferrable matter. More than a century ago it was published "The Practicon. Complete treatise on cooking and reusing the leftovers". In that text Angel Muro, the author, defended a cuisine based on using the leftovers of meals and managing to cook with them delicious courses. We think that the house, its conception, its equipment and its form, remain buried by an avalanche of premises which always try to find an ideal house, as an impossible research. Perhaps studying the way of reinhabitating pre-existing houses, does not finally turn out to be just a naïve effort, but the most honest way to approach the actual housing situation while enabling an open-ended process of improvement. During 2009 and 2010 Habitar, a research group of the Catalan Polytechnic University, worked on this concept applied to the city of Madrid thanks to an I+D Research project granted by the Spanish Government, which concluded with the diffusion of the results by means of six exhibitions and nine small books. To take advantage of the leftovers of the Spanish opulence edge is the main aim of the present research, that pretend to assign a new use to preexistences. We do not refer to refurbishing or to interventions which pursue the renewal of a building, but to the proposal of modification of the use of the building itself. Reinhabitating does not mean restoring. Reinhabitating is reusing architecture, but just modifying the way of using it. It has not to do with plastic interventions, but with the how itself. In this article we will explain our experience with the popularization of these concepts which were applied to the house, to the street and to the city. ; Postprint (published version)

Las ciudades son, por excelencia los centros de producción y difusión de conocimiento. El número de contribuciones científicas de los autores localizados en cada ciudad depende de diversos factores, incardinados tanto en la esfera macroeconómica como en la socioeconómica; asimismo tienen influencia otros factores relacionados con el tamaño de la ciudad, la existencia de un tejido científico consolidado, de infraestructuras del conocimiento y de la posición que la ciudad guarda en la red global de la cooperación científica. Esta investigación, a través de información del SCI-E, pretende contribuir a esclarecer el posicionamiento que tienen las principales ciudades en la escena de la publicación científica global; así como explorar los cambios en las tendencias experimentadas en el periodo comprendido entre 1981 y 2002. Los datos sugieren un proceso de cambio caracterizado por una concentración tendencia! de las publicaciones en el mundo metropolitano, así como por una progresiva descentralización de la publicación científica, desde las grandes megalópolis hacia las ciudades de talla mediana. Sin embargo, aún subsiste la incógnita sobre si esta aparente convergencia responde a un proceso real de democratización de la producción científica en el mundo metropolitano, o viene determinada por factores no afiliados de manera estricta al incremento de la misma. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

Las ciudades son, por excelencia los centros de producción y difusión de conocimiento. El número de contribuciones científicas de los autores localizados en cada ciudad depende de diversos factores, incardinados tanto en la esfera macroeconómica como en la socioeconómica; asimismo tienen influencia otros factores relacionados con el tamaño de la ciudad, la existencia de un tejido científico consolidado, de infraestructuras del conocimiento y de la posición que la ciudad guarda en la red global de la cooperación científica. Esta investigación, a través de información del SCI-E, pretende contribuir a esclarecer el posicionamiento que tienen las principales ciudades en la escena de la publicación científica global; así como explorar los cambios en las tendencias experimentadas en el periodo comprendido entre 1981 y 2002. Los datos sugieren un proceso de cambio caracterizado por una concentración tendencia! de las publicaciones en el mundo metropolitano, así como por una progresiva descentralización de la publicación científica, desde las grandes megalópolis hacia las ciudades de talla mediana. Sin embargo, aún subsiste la incógnita sobre si esta aparente convergencia responde a un proceso real de democratización de la producción científica en el mundo metropolitano, o viene determinada por factores no afiliados de manera estricta al incremento de la misma. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

El presente documento es parte del trabajo desarrollado en el proyecto "Inmigración, vivienda y Ciudad" financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. ; Despite the tightening of the border regime by member states of the European Union, immigrants continue to arrive in both regular and irregular manner. This fact has not only led to changes in the structures that stifle the free flow of people, but has moved new forms of control to urban setting and selective exclusion of certain areas of the city from different sectors of the population. The result is the creation of a series of intraurbans borders that run through different institutional arrangements, social practices and spatial exclusion. ; Postprint (published version)

El presente documento es parte del trabajo desarrollado en el proyecto "Inmigración, vivienda y Ciudad" financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. ; Despite the tightening of the border regime by member states of the European Union, immigrants continue to arrive in both regular and irregular manner. This fact has not only led to changes in the structures that stifle the free flow of people, but has moved new forms of control to urban setting and selective exclusion of certain areas of the city from different sectors of the population. The result is the creation of a series of intraurbans borders that run through different institutional arrangements, social practices and spatial exclusion. ; Postprint (published version)

Different authors have highlighted the internal existing social differences in cities as a consequence of different economic, social and political forces. The mercantile logic that affects urban spaces incentives the dichotomy winners-losers in the current urban landscape and leads to the differentiation and unequal distribution of certain social groups within the urban space. This clear differentiation in distribution of social groups in the urban space has been called socio-spatial segregation. This concept arises from the urban sociology, the first studies were focused on the differentiation of ethnicity and income level to identify the most vulnerable groups and of mitigate their current situation through different policies. A more significant number of variables belonging to different dimensions (social, economic, political and environmental) have been incorporated into the study of this phenomenon, traditionally addressed by different disciplines such as sociology, geography and anthropology. Nonetheless, few studies have addressed it from a multivariate analysis approach. Moreover, the few existing studies with a multivariate statistical analysis ignored or did not know the compositional nature of their data. The objective of the present study is to apply the compositional data analysis in urban studies to better understand socio-spatial segregation in the different urban contexts. Specifically, the analysis of social-spatial segregation considering the compositional nature of the data in the city of Guadalajara, Mexico, is carried out. Socio-economic and socio-educative variables from census data of approximately 13,520 urban blocks grouped in 395 colonias and seven urban districts are used to carry out this study through the most straightforward compositions of two parts. Additionally, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis are performed to identify the socio-economic distribution within the territory. The analysis is complemented with the use of geographic information systems (GIS) at different urban scales. Based on Aitchison log ratio approach, the results are consistent with the segregation processes that date back to the foundation of the city. Through cluster analysis and principal component analysis, an evident polarization between the Minerva district and the rest of the areas is shown. Moreover, this method allows to analyse complex and multidimensional phenomena such as socio-spatial segregation. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

En este artículo se defienden tres asertos. El primero, que algo se mueve, desde hace tiempo, en el campo urbanístico. Algo que tiene que ver con la globalización de las ciudades, donde se viven situaciones y problemas cada vez más semejantes, que los instrumentos urbanísticos tradicionales parecen incapaces de atender. Ni sus objetivos, referencias o técnicas llegan a ser hoy suficientes. El segundo, que la percepción de estas tendencias permite resituar algunos procesos urbanos anteriores, que en este escrito se ejemplifican en la ciudad barroca del príncipe y en la de la socialdemocracia del urbanismo moderno, con sus derivaciones más recientes. La parábola de las tres ciudades ayuda a comprender los cambios en curso. El tercero, que según la claridad con que planteemos y asumamos tales cambios nuestra capacidad de frenar las depredaciones que conllevan y racionalizar el proceso será más o menos elevada. Centrarse en los derechos humanos al replantear la intervención urbana es fundamental para ahorrar sufrimiento: para los últimos ciudadanos de las democracias ricas, y para todos los de los países pobres. ; Three assertions are stated in this article. The first one, something is moving, since long, in the town-planning field. Something which has to do with globalization of the cities, where diverse situations and problems are becoming more and more similar and whose traditional urban instruments seem to be unable to deal with. Neither its aims nor its references nor techniques become sufficient nowadays. The second one, the perception of these trends allows to put former urban processes back on track, which are exemplified in this writing as the prince's baroque city and the social democracy of the modern urbanism, with its more recent derivations. The parable of the three cities helps to understand the changes in progress. The third assertion, according to the clarity which we raise and assume such changes with, our ability to slow down the depredations which are implied and rationalize will be higher or not. Centring in human rights when rising urban intervention again is essential to save suffering: for the last citizens in wealthy democracies as well as those all in poor countries.

En este artículo se defienden tres asertos. El primero, que algo se mueve, desde hace tiempo, en el campo urbanístico. Algo que tiene que ver con la globalización de las ciudades, donde se viven situaciones y problemas cada vez más semejantes, que los instrumentos urbanísticos tradicionales parecen incapaces de atender. Ni sus objetivos, referencias o técnicas llegan a ser hoy suficientes. El segundo, que la percepción de estas tendencias permite resituar algunos procesos urbanos anteriores, que en este escrito se ejemplifican en la ciudad barroca del príncipe y en la de la socialdemocracia del urbanismo moderno, con sus derivaciones más recientes. La parábola de las tres ciudades ayuda a comprender los cambios en curso. El tercero, que según la claridad con que planteemos y asumamos tales cambios nuestra capacidad de frenar las depredaciones que conllevan y racionalizar el proceso será más o menos elevada. Centrarse en los derechos humanos al replantear la intervención urbana es fundamental para ahorrar sufrimiento: para los últimos ciudadanos de las democracias ricas, y para todos los de los países pobres. ; Three assertions are stated in this article. The first one, something is moving, since long, in the town-planning field. Something which has to do with globalization of the cities, where diverse situations and problems are becoming more and more similar and whose traditional urban instruments seem to be unable to deal with. Neither its aims nor its references nor techniques become sufficient nowadays. The second one, the perception of these trends allows to put former urban processes back on track, which are exemplified in this writing as the prince's baroque city and the social democracy of the modern urbanism, with its more recent derivations. The parable of the three cities helps to understand the changes in progress. The third assertion, according to the clarity which we raise and assume such changes with, our ability to slow down the depredations which are implied and rationalize will be higher or not. Centring in human rights when rising urban intervention again is essential to save suffering: for the last citizens in wealthy democracies as well as those all in poor countries.

Beyond any metaphor, urban complexity is the strongest defensive weapon of a city that faces unpredictable challenges. This can be extremely well exampled through the analysis of the effective role of complexity in recent urban warfare. By representing complexity as a topological system of complex spatial relationships, this paper introduces a tool for analyzing this role in some recent conflicts, where complexity has proved to be a key agent, forcing modern and developed armies to change or adapt their tactics and strategies after being defeated by far less equipped forces, allied with the complex urban setting. This confirms the hypothesis of the importance of urban complexity in situations of incertitude and its ability to anticipate a wide range of futures. Urban planning history has always been closely linked to military strategy history. Although it is not well known, this link is still ever-present. Therefore, while we may think that war is no more than an extreme aspect of (uneven) social and economic conflicts, it can be used as a powerful instrument to understand urban behavior. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

Beyond any metaphor, urban complexity is the strongest defensive weapon of a city that faces unpredictable challenges. This can be extremely well exampled through the analysis of the effective role of complexity in recent urban warfare. By representing complexity as a topological system of complex spatial relationships, this paper introduces a tool for analyzing this role in some recent conflicts, where complexity has proved to be a key agent, forcing modern and developed armies to change or adapt their tactics and strategies after being defeated by far less equipped forces, allied with the complex urban setting. This confirms the hypothesis of the importance of urban complexity in situations of incertitude and its ability to anticipate a wide range of futures. Urban planning history has always been closely linked to military strategy history. Although it is not well known, this link is still ever-present. Therefore, while we may think that war is no more than an extreme aspect of (uneven) social and economic conflicts, it can be used as a powerful instrument to understand urban behavior. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)