Suchergebnisse

In den kommenden Jahren wird Afrika eine erhebliche Ausweitung sowohl des einheimischen wie des transnationalen organisierten Verbrechens erfahren. Dies wird die Staatsführung beeinflussen, man wird versuchen, sie zu kontrollieren oder sie wird sogar selbst Teil dieser Entwicklung. In der Vergangenheit haben Bürgerkriege und ethnische Konflikte dies überspielt. Die Autoren nennen Beispiele und entwickeln Gedanken, vor jeweils welchem Hintergrund das organisierte Verbrechen guten Nährboden findet. Dabei spielen folgende Faktoren eine Rolle: der oft schwache Staat, die verbreiteten Korruptionspraktiken, die Durchlässigkeit der Grenzen, die ethnische Zersplitterung, der verbreitete informelle Sektor sowie die extremen Unterschiede von Wohlstand und Armut. Um nicht zu pessimistisch zu sein, werden am Schluss einige Faktoren genannt, die auch gegen eine solche Entwicklung arbeiten könnten. (DÜI-Hlb)

Urbanization is one of the most important mega-trends of the 21st century. Consequently, the possibility of U.S. military involvement in a megacity or sub-megacity is an eventuality that cannot be ignored. After elucidating the nature of urbanization and developing a typology in terms of smart, fragile, and feral cities, we give consideration to the kinds of contingencies that the U.S. military, especially the Army, needs to think about and prepare for. Understanding the city as a complex system or organism is critical and provides the basis for changes in intelligence, recruitment, training, equipment, operations, and tactics. One of the key takeaways is the need to understand the urban environment and the need to work with (instead of against) the flows and rhythms of a city. Without such an approach, the results of military involvement in such a formidable environment would likely be disastrous; with it, the prospects for success would at least be enhanced. ; https://press.armywarcollege.edu/monographs/1416/thumbnail.jpg

This volume has three parts: the first focuses on cyberspace itself; the second on some of the major forms of malevolence or threats that have become one of its defining characteristics; and the third on possible responses to these threats. One of the most significant features of cyberspace, however, is that it is becoming a risky place for the entire spectrum of users: nation-states, nongovernmental and transnational organizations, commercial enterprises, and individuals. Yet it is a space of opportunities—for benevolent, neutral, and malevolent actors. Moreover, the authors identify and assess the challenges and threats to security that can arise in cyberspace because of its unique nature. In the final section, the authors discuss a variety of responses, with some suggesting that the most favored options being pursued by the United States are poorly conceived and ill-suited to the tasks at hand. ; https://press.armywarcollege.edu/monographs/1004/thumbnail.jpg