Suchergebnisse

Die Verfasser fragen nach den Konsequenzen, die die Schwäche und Fragmentierung des ukrainischen Parteiensystems für die politische Entwicklung des Landes in der Übergangsphase zu Demokratie und Marktwirtschaft hat. Sie diskutieren unterschiedliche Erklärungsansätze für die Fragmentierung des Parteiensystems. Ansätze einer Strukturierung der Parteienlandschaft werden in der Klassifizierung in fünf Parteienblocks gesehen (Ultranationalisten, Nationaldemokraten, liberale Demokraten, Bürokraten, Sozialisten). Die Herausbildung eines starken Parteiensystems wird erst als Ergebnis des grundlegenden Wirtschaftsreformprozesses erwartet. Abschließend werden rechtliche und verfassungspolitische Maßnahmen zur Förderung des Aufbaus starker Parteien in der Ukraine diskutiert. (BIOst-Wpt)

This Living Review makes the case for the study of Europeanization and political parties as related but distinct from the study of political parties and European integration. It then presents the Europeanization approach to parties, noting that some of the components in this approach developed to study policy and institutional change may not lend themselves so well to the study of national parties. This argument distinguishes between direct and indirect effects of European Union influence on parties. Next, it briefly discusses the application of party Europeanization research to post-communist parties. This is followed by a discussion of proposed normative consequences of party Europeanization. Finally, suggestions for further research focuses on the need for refining the analytic framework in order to better identify the causal mechanisms specific to party Europeanization. Adapted from the source document.

Using ADA roll call voting scores for the 1947-2006 period, I find that senators shirk in their last term. The degree of shirking is limited by political parties, which constrain the politician in his last term, and varies by post-Senate career choices. The results highlight the importance of political parties in the repeated game that is electoral politics. Adapted from the source document.