Suchergebnisse

This article contributes to current debates around EU policy on territorial cohesion and its place-based approaches. Based on substantial empirical research in seven member countries in an on-going EU Horizon 2020 project, the article develops a conjunctural approach based on Doreen Massey's conceptualisation of place to provide insight into how local development functions in spatial and temporal dimensions. One of the main objectives of the case studies is to compare policy programmes and practices that seek to alleviate territorial inequality and generate economic growth and territorial cohesion. In such a comparison, the issue of conflating and rescaling administrative territorial units and boundaries demands particular attention. Administrative boundaries do not necessarily reflect the complexity and interconnections between policy actors, businesses, and local communities. Local specificities make it difficult to compare the local political room for manoeuvre due to different administrative principles, unequal degrees of devolution of competences or differences in constitutions, e.g., federal states versus unity states. In this article, we argue that, faced with an analysis of highly diverse cases, a conjunctural analytical approach can help to capture and unpack some of the places' complexities and regional interconnections and be a useful supplement to more conventional comparisons of more similar places. Through two examples, the article discusses what the application of this conjunctural approach means in practice, how it helped shape our understanding of how differently and how it can be further developed to accommodate place-based approaches to researching territorial cohesion.

This article contributes to current debates around EU policy on territorial cohesion and its place-based approaches. Based on substantial empirical research in seven member countries in an on-going EU Horizon 2020 project, the article develops a conjunctural approach based on Doreen Massey's conceptualisation of place to provide insight into how local development functions in spatial and temporal dimensions. One of the main objectives of the case studies is to compare policy programmes and practices that seek to alleviate territorial inequality and generate economic growth and territorial cohesion. In such a comparison, the issue of conflating and rescaling administrative territorial units and boundaries demands particular attention. Administrative boundaries do not necessarily reflect the complexity and interconnections between policy actors, businesses, and local communities. Local specificities make it difficult to compare the local political room for manoeuvre due to different administrative principles, unequal degrees of devolution of competences or differences in constitutions, e.g., federal states versus unity states. In this article, we argue that, faced with an analysis of highly diverse cases, a conjunctural analytical approach can help to capture and unpack some of the places' complexities and regional interconnections and be a useful supplement to more conventional comparisons of more similar places. Through two examples, the article discusses what the application of this conjunctural approach means in practice, how it helped shape our understanding of how differently and how it can be further developed to accommodate place-based approaches to researching territorial cohesion.

Research report.

Argues for the theoretical centrality of area studies within the field of political science; focus on concepts of comparative politics such as clientelism, democracy, nationalism, political identity, revolution, and the state; 6 articles. Contents: Area and regional studies in the United States, by Peter J. Katzenstein; The postsocialist experience and comparative politics, by Valerie Bunce; Africanists' contributions to political science, by Goran Hyden; The Middle East, by Michael C. Hudson; Asia studies and the discipline, by Lucian W. Pye; Latin America, by Guillermo O'Donnell.

Adaptive deadlock-free routing mechanisms are required to handle variable traffic patterns in dragonfly networks. However, distance-based deadlock avoidance mechanisms typically employed in Dragonflies increase the router cost and complexity as a function of the maximum allowed path length. This paper presents on-the-fly adaptive routing (OFAR), a routing/flow-control scheme that decouples the routing and the deadlock avoidance mechanisms. OFAR allows for in-transit adaptive routing with local and global misrouting, without imposing dependencies between virtual channels, and relying on a deadlock-free escape subnetwork to avoid deadlock. This model lowers latency, increases throughput, and adapts faster to transient traffic than previously proposed mechanisms. The low capacity of the escape subnetwork makes it prone to congestion. A simple congestion management mechanism based on injection restriction is considered to avoid such issues. Finally, reliability is considered by introducing mechanisms to find multiple edge-disjoint Hamiltonian rings embedded on the dragonfly, allowing to use multiple escape subnetworks. ; This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education, FPU grant AP2010-4900; the Spanish Science and Technology Commission (CICYT) under contracts TIN2010-21291-C02-02, TIN2012-34557 and TIN2013- 46957-C2-2-P; the European Union FP7 under Agreements ICT-288777 (Mont-Blanc) and ERC-321253 (RoMoL); the European HiPEAC Network of Excellence and the JSA no. 2013-119 as part of the IBM/BSC Technology Center for Supercomputing agreement. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

Adaptive deadlock-free routing mechanisms are required to handle variable traffic patterns in dragonfly networks. However, distance-based deadlock avoidance mechanisms typically employed in Dragonflies increase the router cost and complexity as a function of the maximum allowed path length. This paper presents on-the-fly adaptive routing (OFAR), a routing/flow-control scheme that decouples the routing and the deadlock avoidance mechanisms. OFAR allows for in-transit adaptive routing with local and global misrouting, without imposing dependencies between virtual channels, and relying on a deadlock-free escape subnetwork to avoid deadlock. This model lowers latency, increases throughput, and adapts faster to transient traffic than previously proposed mechanisms. The low capacity of the escape subnetwork makes it prone to congestion. A simple congestion management mechanism based on injection restriction is considered to avoid such issues. Finally, reliability is considered by introducing mechanisms to find multiple edge-disjoint Hamiltonian rings embedded on the dragonfly, allowing to use multiple escape subnetworks. ; This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education, FPU grant AP2010-4900; the Spanish Science and Technology Commission (CICYT) under contracts TIN2010-21291-C02-02, TIN2012-34557 and TIN2013- 46957-C2-2-P; the European Union FP7 under Agreements ICT-288777 (Mont-Blanc) and ERC-321253 (RoMoL); the European HiPEAC Network of Excellence and the JSA no. 2013-119 as part of the IBM/BSC Technology Center for Supercomputing agreement. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

THIS IS A POSTHUMOUSLY PUBLISHED ESSAY, FIRST DELIVERED AS THE PLENARY ADDRESS TO THE AMERICAN PSYCHOANALYTIC ASSOCIATION, LOS ANGELES, 1975. THE AUTHOR STATES THAT APPROPRIATE GLOBAL STRATEGY AGAINST WAR IS A STRATEGY OF SIMULTANEITY REQUIRING COLLECTIVE MOBILIZATION TO FOSTER CATHARSIS AND READJUSTMENT. PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC KNOWLEDGE CAN ASSIST IN THIS STRATEGY USING MONITERING SERVICES.