Suchergebnisse

Kristan Stoddart reveals for the first time discussions that took place between the British, French and US governments for nuclear cooperation in the early to mid 1970s. In doing so it sets the scene for the upgrade to Britain's Polaris force codenamed Chevaline and how this could have brought down Harold Wilson's Labour government of 1974-1976.

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Using interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejercito Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970-6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America. Adapted from the source document.

The Sishen-Saldanha railway project was an undertaking of gigantic proportions in South Africa's history, which currently serves as the longest freight train trajectory for iron ore in the world. It became imperative to provide reliable and efficient access to the coast for export purposes in a country with vast mineral resources. After the discovery of iron ore deposits at Sishen in the north-western Cape Province, South Africa's largest mining corporation, the South African Iron and Steel Corporation (ISCOR), took the leading initiative for the proposed planning of a railway line connecting Sishen to Saldanha Bay on the West Coast. As a result of pressing international sanctions, the apartheid government sought to forge ahead with infrastructural developments in order to stabilise economic growth. With the dwindling market exports becoming an ever-serious concern, ISCOR's project was to be a bulwark for ensuring optimum exports and economic development. In political circles, an intense parliamentary debate ensued in 1973 revolving around the acceptance and promulgation of the Sishen-Saldanha Railway Construction Bill. It reflected the controversial discussions between the ruling National Party and the United Party as liberal opposition party on pivotal issues concerning the construction of the railway line. Simultaneously, an underlying contention existed as to the choice of location of an appropriate export port at Saldanha or St. Croix. The author seeks to assess the primary sources pertaining to the proposed Sishen-Saldanha railway during its formative years from 1970 to 1976.

Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas. Facultad de Historia. Programa Institucional de Maestría en Historia ; The importance of the economic development of the nations starting from the second world war, makes indispensable the study of the economic factors and the acting of the foreign policy of each country. In the relationship Mexico - United States this factor, starting from the decade of the sixty, became fundamental for the good understanding of the two governments. For this reason, in the beginnings of the years ochentas was carried out in way constant investigations of thematic in the bilateral relationship, in its majority they had to do with the economy, in contents as the trade, the migration, the frontier, the financing, and the direct investments. In the last years, the studies of the relationship United Mexico-States have been increased to explain the last fifteen years, but they are still insufficient to understand such a complex calendar in previous years. In that sense, this work obeys the restlessness of understanding the dynamics of the asymmetric relationship of the two nations in the economic land of 1970 until 1976. As well as to value the Mexican government's intents of reducing the dependencia1 in the economic questions, of capitals and the trade with United States, premeditation manifested in the president's speech Luis Echeverría. ; La importancia del desarrollo económico de las naciones a partir de la segunda guerra mundial, hace indispensable el estudio de los factores económicos y el desempeño de la política exterior de cada país. En la relación México - Estados Unidos este factor, a partir de la década de los sesenta, se volvió fundamental para el buen entendimiento de los dos gobiernos. Por esta razón, en los inicios de los años ochentas se realizaron de manera constante investigaciones de temáticas en la relación bilateral, en su mayoría tenían que ver con la economía, en contenidos como el comercio, la migración, la frontera, el financiamiento, y las inversiones directas. En ...

Luis Echeverría's presidency (1970-1976) was an attempt by Mexican authorities to reduce the discontent with the political system which arose as a result of the student movement of 1968. In this attempt, measures affecting the world of cinema played a central role. Thus, this paper will pay attention to the following issues. The introduction will deal with the importance of the student movement as a factor in the crisis of Mexican authoritarianism. The paper will then deal with the main lines of Luis Echeverría´s project. Thirdly, emphasis will be placed on cinematographic policy as a specific field and finally, there will be an analysis of how cinema set in the past reflected official speeches made in Mexico during these years. ; La presidencia de Luis Echeverría (1970-1976) supuso un intento por parte de las autoridades mexicanas por reconducir el descontento con el sistema político que el movimiento estudiantil de 1968 había puesto de manifiesto. En él las medidas adoptadas respecto al mundo del cine jugaron un papel destacado. Por ello, a lo largo de este trabajo prestaremos atención a las siguientes cuestiones. A manera de introducción, señalaremos el peso del movimiento estudiantil como factor de crisis del autoritarismo mexicano. Seguidamente abordaremos las principales líneas del proyecto de Luis Echeverría. En tercer lugar incidiremos en la política cinematográfica como campo específico. Finalmente, reflexionaremos en torno a cómo el cine ambientado en el pasado reflejó los discursos oficiales en México en estos años.

В статье рассматриваются внешние связи Квебека в период пребывания у власти первого правительства либерала Робера Бурасса (1970–1976). Показывается, как на них повлияли особенности его экономического курса и лингвистической политики. Основное внимание уделяется квебекско-французским и квебекско-американским отношениям. Вскрывается значение данного периода для последующего развития провинциальной парадипломатии. ; The article deals with Quebec international relations under Robert Bourassa first liberal government (1970–1976). It analyses the impact of economic factors as well as Bourassa linguistic politics on provincial paradiplomacy. Special attention is given to the Quebec–France and Que-bec–USA relations. It shows the significance of that period for the future development of provincial paradiplomacy.