Suchergebnisse

Hauptbeschreibung Die Idee des partizipativen Haushalts von Porto Alegre hat sich von Brasilien aus weltweit verbreitet. Spätestens seit dem Protest gegen den Umbau des Stuttgarter Hauptbahnhofs wird die Übertragung von Entscheidungskompetenzen an die Bürgerschaft bundesweit diskutiert. Wie lassen sich Deliberation und Macht verbinden? Am Beispiel von Bürgerhaushalten in Lateinamerika und Europa erörtern Autoren aus beiden Kontinenten die Bedingungen für eine Erneuerung der Partizipationskultur in Deutschland. Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhalt Vorwort7.

The global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rapidly increasing with a projection of becoming the 5th most common cause of years of life lost globally by 2040. CKD is a major cause of catastrophic health expenditure. The costs of dialysis and transplantation consume up to 3% of the annual healthcare budget in high-income countries. However, the onset and progression of CKD is often preventable. In 2020, the World Kidney Day campaign highlights the importance of preventive interventions - be it primary, secondary, or tertiary. This article focuses on outlining and analyzing measures that can be implemented in every country to promote and advance CKD prevention. Primary prevention of kidney disease should focus on the modification of risk factors and addressing structural abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tracts, as well as exposure to environmental risk factors and nephrotoxins. In persons with pre-existing kidney disease, secondary prevention, including blood pressure optimization and glycemic control, should be the main goal of education and clinical interventions. In patients with advanced CKD, management of co-morbidities such as uremia and cardiovascular disease is a highly recommended preventative intervention to avoid or delay dialysis or kidney transplantation. Political efforts are needed to proliferate the preventive approach. While national policies and strategies for non-communicable diseases might be present in a country, specific policies directed toward education and awareness about CKD screening, management, and treatment are often lacking. Hence, there is an urgent need to increase the awareness of preventive measures throughout populations, professionals, and policy makers.

The global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rapidly increasing with a projection of becoming the 5th most common cause of years of life lost globally by 2040. Aggravatingly, CKD is a major cause of catastrophic health expenditure. The costs of dialysis and transplantation consume up to 3% of the annual healthcare budget in high-income countries. Crucially, however, the onset and progression of CKD is often preventable. In 2020, the World Kidney Day campaign highlights the importance of preventive interventions - be it primary, secondary or tertiary. This complementing article focuses on outlining and analyzing measures that can be implemented in every country to promote and advance CKD prevention. Primary prevention of kidney disease should focus on the modification of risk factors and addressing structural abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tracts, as well as exposure to environmental risk factors and nephrotoxins. In persons with pre-existing kidney disease, secondary prevention, including blood pressure optimization and glycemic control, should be the main goal of education and clinical interventions. In patients with advanced CKD, management of co-morbidities such as uremia and cardiovascular disease is a highly recommended preventative intervention to avoid or delay dialysis or kidney transplantation. Political efforts are needed to proliferate the preventive approach. While national policies and strategies for non-communicable diseases might be present in a country, specific policies directed toward education and awareness about CKD screening, management and treatment are often lacking. Hence, there is an urgent need to increase the awareness of the importance of preventive measures throughout populations, professionals and policy makers.

The global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rapidly increasing, with a projection of becoming the 5th most common cause of years of life lost globally by 2040. Aggravatingly, CKD is a major cause of catastrophic health expenditure. The costs of dialysis and transplantation consume up to 3% of the annual healthcare budget in high-income countries. Crucially, however, the onset and progression of CKD is often preventable. In 2020, the World Kidney Day campaign highlights the importance of preventive interventions – be it primary, secondary or tertiary. This article focuses on outlining and analyzing measures that can be implemented in every country to promote and advance CKD prevention. Primary prevention of kidney disease should focus on the modification of risk factors and addressing structural abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract, as well as exposure to environmental risk factors and nephrotoxins. In persons with pre-existing kidney disease, secondary prevention, including blood pressure optimization and glycemic control, should be the main goal of education and clinical interventions. In patients with advanced CKD, management of co-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease is a highly recommended preventative intervention to avoid or delay dialysis or kidney transplantation. Political efforts are needed to support the preventive approach. While national policies and strategies for non-communicable diseases might be present in a country, specific policies directed toward education and awareness about CKD screening, management and treatment are often lacking. Hence, there is an urgent need to increase the awareness of the importance of preventive measures among populations, professionals and policy makers.

Human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV-55) causes acute respiratory disease of variable severity and has become an emergent threat in both civilian and military populations. HAdV-55 infection is endemic to China and South Korea, but data from other regions and time periods are needed for comprehensive assessment of HAdV-55 prevalence from a global perspective. In this study, we subjected HAdV-55 isolates from various countries collected during 1969–2018 to whole-genome sequencing, genomic and proteomic comparison, and phylogenetic analyses. The results show worldwide distribution of HAdV-55; recent strains share a high degree of genomic homogeneity. Distinct strains circulated regionally for several years, suggesting persistent local transmission. Several cases of sporadic introduction of certain strains to other countries were documented. Among the identified amino acid mutations distinguishing HAdV-55 strains, some have potential impact on essential viral functions and may affect infectivity and transmission.

Frontmatter -- CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC -- Contents -- Figures -- Tables -- Contributors -- Preface -- 1. Population and Economic Growth in East Asia -- I. THE POPULATION-ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS IN EAST ASIA -- 2. Economic Growth and Policy in East Asia -- 3. Population in East Asia -- 4. Induced Innovation and Agricultural Development in East Asia -- II. SAVING AND INVESTMENT -- 5. The Accumulation and Demography Connection in East Asia -- 6. Saving, Wealth, and the Demographic Transition in East Asia -- 7. Savings, Capital Formation, and Economic Growth in Singapore -- 8. Population, Capital, and Labor -- III. HUMAN RESOURCE ISSUES -- 9. Education and the East Asian Miracle -- 10. Child Health and Health Care in Indonesia and the Philippines -- 11. Education, Earning, and Fertility in Taiwan -- 12. Changing Labor Forces and Labor Markets in Asia's Miracle Economies -- 13. The Role Played by Labor Migration in the Asian Economic Miracle -- IV. INEQUALITY AND THE ECONOMIC ROLE OF WOMEN -- 14. Demographic Change, Development, and the Economic Status of Women in East Asia -- 15. Population and Inequality in East Asia -- V. POPULATION POLICY AND PROGRAMS -- 16. Population Policies and Family Planning Programs in Asia's Rapidly Developing Economies -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index

The Crisis of Welfare in East Asia adopts a unique and critical perspective on contemporary social welfare policies in East Asia. This edited volume reflects on current welfare theories and challenges the dominant productivist ideology that over-emphasizes the influence of work and family

Nadja Alexander was contributor to the Report of the Department of Justice of Hong Kong as Chair of the Working Group.In the report published by the Working Group on Mediation of the Department of Justice in 2010, it was recommended, among others, that the question of whether there should be an apology or legislative provisions dealing with the making of apologies for the purpose of enhancing settlement deserves further consideration. In 2012, for Secretary for Justice established the Steering Committee on Mediation ("Steering Committee") with a view to further promoting the development of mediation in Hong Kong. The regulatory Framework Sub-Committee is a sub-committee set up under the Steering Committee and its has been tasked to consider whether there is a need to introduce apology legislation in Hong Kong.

AbstractIntroductionSpecial needs dentistry (SND) is an emerging dental specialty, with ongoing developments in education and clinical practice focused towards the tailored management of individuals with special needs (SN). Patients with SN have a higher prevalence of oral diseases and unmet dental needs compared to the general population. Although inadequate training and experience in managing patients with SN has been highlighted as a significant barrier to accessing care, there is limited data about the extent of SND teaching at the entry‐to‐practice or higher levels.MethodsThis work is the first to map SND curricula globally, across 180 countries and 1265 dental schools.ResultsAlthough 74.62% of dental schools were found in developing economies, the distribution of programs that reported SND in their courses was highly skewed towards developed countries. In terms of advanced degrees, beyond basic entry‐to‐practice training, the USA delivered 60% of the SND programs, followed by Canada (15.56%), UK (13.33%), and Australia (8.89%). The term SND appeared in 33.95% of entry‐to‐practice level program curricula and was less commonly used in transitioning economies. Only 112 SND‐specialized practitioners enter the workforce globally each year from developed economies, and all but three advanced degrees are found in G7 countries.ConclusionBy exploring the impact of economic status on its distribution, this paper highlighted the lack of SND representation in dental curricula, especially amongst programs in transitioning or developing economies. Education of both general dentists and specialists is critical as a collaborative effort is needed to manage the growing population of patients with SN.