Suchergebnisse

Grenzüberschreitende Derivategeschäfte juristischer Personen des öffentlichen Rechts führen aufgrund ihrer Risikostruktur immer wieder zu internationalen Gerichtsverfahren mit Streitwerten in mehrstelliger Millionenhöhe. Der Verfasser untersucht in seiner Arbeit die Frage, inwieweit eine juristische Person des öffentlichen Rechts unter Berufung auf Art. 22 Nr. 2 EuGVO den Rechtsstreit vor die Gerichte ihres Sitzstaates bringen kann.Im Anschluss an einen Überblick über Derivategeschäfte juristischer Personen des öffentlichen Rechts wird gezeigt, dass Rechtsstreitigkeiten in Zusammenhang mit derartigen Geschäften trotz öffentlich-rechtlicher Bezüge von Art. 1 Abs. 1 EuGVO erfasst sind. Der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit liegt auf der Frage, ob auch Einwendungen einer beklagten juristischen Person des öffentlichen Rechts die Zuständigkeit des Art. 22 Nr. 2 EuGVO auslösen. Nach Ansicht des Autors erfordert eine sachgerechte Lösung dieser Problematik eine Ergänzung der Regelungen der EuGVO

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Introduction: International Relations Theory of War -- The Systemic International Outcomes-Stability of International Systems -- The Intrasystemic International Outcomes-Territorial Expansion of Polar Powers -- International Outcomes: Primary Disputes and Coping -- Why Do Wars Break Out? Structural Theoretical Research -- The Structure of the Book -- Chapter 1: War-Theory and Analysis of Results -- On Powers and Wars -- Systemic International Outcomes -- Systemic Factors and International Systems Durability -- Systemic Factors and International Systems Stability -- Intrasystemic International Outcomes -- Systemic Factors and Expansion of Influence of Polar Powers -- Systemic Factors and Expansion of Influence of Polar Powers at the Ends of Wars -- Chapter 2: International Relations Theory of War -- Basic Assumptions of the Theory -- Hypotheses of the Theory Concerning the Two International Outcomes -- Stability of International Systems -- Degree of Territorial Expansion -- The Transhistorical Principles -- Anarchy and the Tendency to Hegemonies -- Homeostasis and Preservation of the System -- Polarity of the System: The Independent Variable -- The Most Important Player in the International System: The State -- Great Power or Polar Power -- Polar Power in the Current Study -- Possible Polarity Models -- Polarity of the System and International Outcomes -- Summary of the Principle of the Model -- The Systemic Status of the International Relations Theory of War -- The International Relations Theory of War and Other Key Realist Theories -- Chapter 3: Polarity of the System -- Chapter 4: How the Research Is Empirically Examined -- Systemic Factors and Stability of International Systems -- Stability of International Systems-Quantitative Research.

The prospect of commercial passenger spaceflight presents an unique opportunity to the space community, comprised not only of the scientists, engineers, enthusiasts and entrepreneurs, but also diplomats, governments, policy makers and legislators, to formulate an internationally acceptable set of requirements, standards and procedures that would give international consistency to operators of commercial passenger spaceflight, both for space tourism and for terrestrial transportation. It is important that the international community avail itself of this opportunity before various countries decide to become "flags of convenience" or to impose more stringent standards than overseas operators can comply with so as to protect a budding industry of their own. This article will explore, from parallels in maritime law and civil aviation law, and drawing from existing domestic examples of regulation, what lessons may be learnt from such existing bodies of law and regulation that may provide some guidance for the future formulation of regulations for on range safety, flight safety or accident investigation relating to commercial passenger spaceflight.

The Minnesota Self-Determination Scale (MSDS) was translated into Korean. The Korean version was then validated using a sample of 40 individuals with intellectual disabilities between the ages of 19 and 45 years, the legal age of adults in South Korea. The evidence of the reliability and validity was examined. The test–retest was good (.84-.94). The internal consistency was excellent (.96-.99). The construct validity with other Korean translated self-determination measure (K-SDS) was acceptable (.50-.51). The findings indicated that the K-MSDS was an appropriate measure with acceptable psychometric properties. The Korean version was the first self-determination measure for adults with disabilities.

AbstractUsing a survey of over 4,000 firms in 21 transition economies, this paper investigates how legal extensiveness (law on the books) and legal effectiveness (law in practice) affect availability of bank finance. Our findings suggest that both law on the books and law in practice are important, but that they impact firms of different sizes differently. Small firms appear to be the most credit constrained in countries with weak creditor rights and with weak contract enforcement, while large firms are the most credit constrained in countries with weak courts and unclear and inconsistent laws pertaining to firms' business operations.

El autor analiza e identifica el contexto que fundan las bases del Consejo de Defensa Suramericano (CDS) de la UNASUR, interpretando que su creación ha hecho surgir en la región un sinnúmero de interrogantes acerca de sus perspectivas. En tal sentido, se plantea dos escenarios: si el CDS constituye una iniciativa para tener una nueva plataforma política para entenderse y conversar, en cuyo caso cabe entender que dicho escenario es positivo o, por el contrario, si se espera que de allí emerja una institución que ayude a resolver problemas y unifique a los países en un camino común frente a la problemática de defensa, opción que cuenta con muy pocas posibilidades de éxito. ; The author analyzes and identifies the context that provides the basis for the South American Defense Council (Consejo de Defensa Suramericano, CDS) and the Union of South American Nations (Unión de Naciones Suramericanas, UNASUR) and reaches the conclusion that the creation of such organisms raises countless questions about their furure. Based on this analysis, the author presents two alternare possibilities: if the CDS is an attempt to create a new political platform for mutual understanding and discussion, it can be seen in an optímistic fight. If, on the other hand, it is expected to become an institution thot will help solve problems and lead countries down a common path as regards the problem of defense, the possibilities of success are much more limited. ; Sección Estudios. ; Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales (IRI)

This book argues that it can be beneficial for the United States to talk with 'evil' - terrorists and other bad actors - if it engages a mediator who shares the United States' principles yet is pragmatic. It shows how the US can make better foreign policy decisions and demonstrate its integrity for promoting democracy and human rights, by employing a mediator who facilitates disputes between international actors by moving them along a continuum of principles, as political parties act for a country's citizens. This is the first book to integrate theories of rule of law development with conflict resolution methods, and it examines ongoing disputes in the Middle East, North Korea, South America and Africa. It draws on the author's experiences with The Carter Center and judicial and legal advocacy training to provide a sophisticated understanding of the current situation in these countries and of how a strategy of principled pragmatism will give better direction to US foreign policy abroad