Suchergebnisse

This thesis examines the experience of the Blakes of Ballyglunin from 1641 until 1777. It presents a reinterpretation of a minor gentry Catholic landowning and merchant family from the mid-seventeenth century until the eve of the repeal of the penal laws. It places the family firmly in its local and national context in terms of landownership, economic affairs and confessional identity. Two themes dominate the text: in the second half of the seventeenth century the family became part of the Catholic 'new interest', those who prospered under the Restoration land settlement; and in the eighteenth century they survived and consolidated their estate in the face of the penal laws. It examines the defeat, transplantation, survival, expansion, consolidation, resistance and endurance of a Catholic landed family in the period c.1641-1777.Chapters 2 to 5 present a chronological examination of the family in relation to its wealth and landownership. Tracing the family's expulsion from Galway town, transplantation to County Galway, the re-establishment of their wealth and land during the Restoration and their survival and consolidation during the penal era. Their religious identity and the effects of the penal laws on the estate and the family are explored in Chapter 6. The family remained 'Galway townsmen' at heart and this is examined in Chapter 7. While they were expelled from Galway town in the early 1650s, they returned to trade and live in the town as early as they could in the Restoration and, ultimately, purchased a house in the town in 1677. They were again forced to leave Galway town in the early 1690s but they never completely severed their ties with the town. The changing experience of urban Catholics under the penal laws is illuminated and eventually their changed situation by the mid-eighteenth century enabled the family to return to live, for part of the year, in the town. A vital role in the survival of Catholic landownership was played by younger children and they are surveyed in Chapter 8.

International audience The study of ancient and medieval glasses has identified distinct compositional groups as a result of the chemical characteristics of the raw materials used for its production. Archaeometric analysis can determine the provenance of the glass, and has demonstrated a large-scale production and commercialisation of raw glass throughout the Mediterranean during the ancient and medieval periods. Secondary workshops on the Iberian Peninsula imported raw glass from the Near East for the better part of the first millennium CE, following a similar pattern observed elsewhere in the Mediterranean region. However, there are some indications that point to a local production of glass and that deserve further investigation. In the ninth century, natron glass was replaced in al-Ándalus by plant ash and lead-rich glass that may represent a local production. Little is known about the production or use of glass in the Christian parts of the peninsula during this period.The increasing volume of analytical data on Spanish glass demonstrates the potential of an archaeometric approach to shed light not only on the production and trade of glass on the Iberian Peninsula but also on the ancient and medieval economy more generally. ; El estudio del vidrio antiguo y medieval ha permitido identificar distintos grupos composicionales que son resultado de las características químicas de las materias primas empleadas en su fabricación. Los análisis arqueométricos permiten determinar la procedencia del vidrio, demostrando que el vidrio primario fue producido y comercializado a gran escala a través del Mediterráneo durante la Antigüedad y la Edad Media. Los talleres hispanos importaron vidrio primario desde Próximo Oriente durante la mayor parte del primer milenio d. C. siguiendo un patrón paralelo al resto del Mediterráneo. Sin embargo, algunos indicios señalan que pudieron convivir con vidrios de fabricación local que merecen ser investigados. En el siglo IX el vidrio de natrón fue sustituido en al-Ándalus por vidrios ...

El propósito de esta investigación, se sitúa fundamentalmente en la perspectiva de comprender, las transformaciones en el proceso de socialización desplegado por madres con sus hijos/as, con respecto a lo vivido por ellas, posterior a la experiencia del desplazamiento forzado. En esta perspectiva se reconstruyeron relatos de vida y se observaron las prácticas, de tres familias residentes en la localidad de Ciudad Bolívar en Bogotá, a fin de conocer las continuidades y rupturas que propone el escenario urbano y las relaciones institucionales y sociales al deber ser de la socialización y la maternidad. ; Abstract: The purpose of this research is fundamentally to understand the transformations in the process of socialization that mothers develop with their children, with respect to what they experienced in their families and municipalities of origin, after the experience of forced displacement. In this perspective, life stories were reconstructed and the practices of three families residing in Ciudad Bolívar in the city Bogotá were observed, in order to recognize the continuities and ruptures proposed by the urban scenario, their own experiences and the institutional and social relations. ; Maestría

with few exceptions, the main French agglomerations are now all equipped with a tramway system, which spans the most symbolic areas of cities with sometimes exceptional built heritage. The fact that this system occupies a dominant position in public space, in political projects or in urban representations, contrasts with the state of deslaboration of the public transport sector in the early 1970s. This considerable time lag deserves an analysis over time. It is the sign that the object in question cannot be understood as a mere transport system that would have modernised an offer of busy buses. The success of tramway, in various respects, must be seen as an object with multiple meanings and which has been able to combine with converging dynamics outside the world of urban mobility. France has thus set up a national tramway school in the sense that it has developed, for the last two decades, a special art in the design and implementation of these projects, which have been deployed in its most important agglomerations. Part of this work was carried out on the issue of the return of the tram. A sign of a first time, on which an analysis must be carried out, without falling into teleology. How did the French agglomerations build with these first trams? Why and how have they been dismantled? What were the dynamics behind the development of a new wave of modern trams? The latter are particularly interesting because of the many facets they present, behind a face which seems to be rather uniform from one city to another. What is the nature of such a project? Is it a transport project? Or urban planning? Or a desire on the part of elected representatives to see a public policy embodied? ; International audience ; with few exceptions, the main French agglomerations are now all equipped with a tramway system, which spans the most symbolic areas of cities with sometimes exceptional built heritage. The fact that this system occupies a dominant position in public space, in political projects or in urban representations, ...

A Florence, politico-social relations have traditionally been dominated by a two-polar clash between the people and the oligarchic elite. However, this political balance was upset at the end of the 15th century by the emergence of individuality, which became a criterion for political life and a central element of political discourse. ; International audience ; A Florence, politico-social relations have traditionally been dominated by a two-polar clash between the people and the oligarchic elite. However, this political balance was upset at the end of the 15th century by the emergence of individuality, which became a criterion for political life and a central element of political discourse. ; A Firenze, la lotta bipolare tra l'élite oligarchica e il popolo è il perno tradizionale delle relazioni politico-sociali. Quest'equilibrio è tuttavia sconvolto quando, alla fine del XV° secolo, l'individualità diventa per i popolani un criterio qualificante alla vita politica e un elemento centrale del discorso politico. ; A Florence, politico-social relations have traditionally been dominated by a two-polar clash between the people and the oligarchic elite. However, this political balance was upset at the end of the 15th century by the emergence of individuality, which became a criterion for political life and a central element of political discourse. ; A Florence, les relations politico-sociales sont traditionnellement dominées par un affrontement bipolaire entre le peuple et l'élite oligarchique. Cet équilibre politique est toutefois bouleversé à la fin du XVe siècle par l'émergence de l'individualité, qui devient chez les popolani un critère qualifiant à la vie politique et un élément central du discours politique.

We combine household surveys and national accounts, as well as recently released tax data in a systematic way to track the dynamics of Indian income inequality from 1922 to 2015. According to our benchmark estimates, the share of national income accruing to the top 1% is at its highest since the creation of the Indian Income tax act in 1922. The top 1% of earners captured less than 21% of total income in the late 1930s, before dropping to 6% in the early 1980s and rising to 22% in the recent period. Over the 1951-1980 period, the bottom 50% group captured 28% of total growth and incomes of this group grew faster than the average, while the top 0.1% incomes decreased. Over the 1980-2015 period, the situation was reversed; the top 0.1% of earners captured a higher share of total growth than the bottom 50% (12% vs. 11%), while the top 1% received a higher share of total growth than the middle 40% (29% vs. 23%). These findings suggest that much can be done to promote more inclusive growth in India. Our results also appear to be robust to a range of alternative assumptions seeking to address numerous data limitations. Most importantly, we stress the need for more democratic transparency on income and wealth statistics to avoid another "black decade" similar to the 2000s, during which India entered the digital age but stopped publishing tax statistics. Such data sources are key to track the long run evolution of inequality and to allow an informed democratic debate on inequality.

We combine household surveys and national accounts, as well as recently released tax data in a systematic way to track the dynamics of Indian income inequality from 1922 to 2015. According to our benchmark estimates, the share of national income accruing to the top 1% is at its highest since the creation of the Indian Income tax act in 1922. The top 1% of earners captured less than 21% of total income in the late 1930s, before dropping to 6% in the early 1980s and rising to 22% in the recent period. Over the 1951-1980 period, the bottom 50% group captured 28% of total growth and incomes of this group grew faster than the average, while the top 0.1% incomes decreased. Over the 1980-2015 period, the situation was reversed; the top 0.1% of earners captured a higher share of total growth than the bottom 50% (12% vs. 11%), while the top 1% received a higher share of total growth than the middle 40% (29% vs. 23%). These findings suggest that much can be done to promote more inclusive growth in India. Our results also appear to be robust to a range of alternative assumptions seeking to address numerous data limitations. Most importantly, we stress the need for more democratic transparency on income and wealth statistics to avoid another "black decade" similar to the 2000s, during which India entered the digital age but stopped publishing tax statistics. Such data sources are key to track the long run evolution of inequality and to allow an informed democratic debate on inequality.

3559 3562 53 25 ; S ; [EN] Mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with fluorescein and capped by a pseudorotaxane, formed between a naphthalene derivative and cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT(4+)), were used for the selective and sensitive fluorogenic detection of 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA). The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Government (projects MAT2015-64139-C4-1-R and AGL2015-70235-C2-2-R) and the Generalitat Valenciana (project GVA/2014/13). B. L-T. is grateful to the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad for her PhD grant. A. B. thanks the Spanish Government for the financial support "Juan de la CiervaIncorporacion'' (IJCI-2014-21534). J. O. J. thanks The Danish Natural Science Research Council (FNU, project no. 11-106744) and the Villum Foundation for financial support. Lozano-Torres, B.; Pascual, L.; Bernardos Bau, A.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Jeppesen, JO.; Salinas Soler, Y.; Martínez-Máñez, R. (2017). Pseudorotaxane capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles for 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) detection in water. Chemical Communications. 53(25):3559-3562. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cc00186j McLELLAN, A. T., LUBORSKY, L., WOODY, G. E., & O??BRIEN, C. P. (1980). An Improved Diagnostic Evaluation Instrument for Substance Abuse Patients. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 168(1), 26-33. doi:10.1097/00005053-198001000-00006 Moonzwe, L. S., Schensul, J. J., & Kostick, K. M. (2011). The Role of MDMA (Ecstasy) in Coping with Negative Life Situations Among Urban Young Adults. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 43(3), 199-210. doi:10.1080/02791072.2011.605671 Meyer, J. (2013). 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA): current perspectives. Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation, 83. doi:10.2147/sar.s37258 Greene, S. L., Kerr, F., & Braitberg, G. (2008). Review article: Amphetamines and related drugs of abuse. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 20(5), 391-402. doi:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2008.01114.x Cumba, L. R., Smith, J. P., Zuway, K. Y., Sutcliffe, O. B., ...

"Ende der 90er Jahre unternimmt der französische Soziologe Pierre Bourdieu den Versuch, das Verständnis von Prekarität als Problem der Armut umfassend zu erweitern. Er definiert den Begriff als allgemeine Verkörperung von Statusungewissheit und macht ihn damit schichtenübergreifend verankerbar. Dies eröffnet neue Möglichkeiten der soziologischen Analyse. Darauf aufbauend wird in diesem Beitrag versucht, Karl Marx' Entfremdungstheorie auf eine (vermeintlich) elitäre Gruppe kapitalistischer Gesellschaften - die 'Finanzmanager_innen' - anzuwenden. Auf die oft gestellte Frage nach den Motivationsstrukturen dieser Gesellschaftsgruppe könnte diese Readressierung der Marx'schen Entfremdungstheorie eine unkonventionelle Antwort geben. Denn wie sich herausstellt, zeigt sich die Entfremdung insbesondere in der Funktionalisierung von zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen und der Konstruktion einer sozial-anschlussfähigen Persönlichkeit im finanzelitären Arbeitsumfeld. Dies wird im Rahmen dieser Arbeit auf Grundlage eines umfangreichen Leitfadeninterviews mit einem aktiven Top-Investmentbanker explorativ überprüft. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass unter Berücksichtigung moderner Entwicklungen eine erweiterte Anwendung der Marx'schen Theorie angebracht ist." (Autorenreferat)

"Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht die Entfremdungskritik im Anschluss an Marx unter den postindustriellen Bedingungen des Neokapitalismus zu reformulieren. Dabei zeigt er auf, wie unter den Bedingungen einer zunehmenden Ökonomisierung und Flexibilisierung der Arbeitsorganisation der prominente und für die Marxsche Entfremdungsdiagnose ursächliche Widerspruch zwischen Kapital und Arbeit ins unternehmerische Subjekt verlagert wird, welches sich unter den neoliberalen Selbstverwirklichungsimperativen potentiell von sich selbst entfremdet. Entfremdung, so die These, wird unter den Bedingungen subjektivierter Arbeit paradoxerweise mittels ihres eigenes Gegenteils, folglich mittels Selbstverwirklichung, Authentizität und Autonomie, erfahren. Somit stehen das Subjekt und sein paradoxes Spannungsverhältnis zwischen seinen normativen Absichten nach Selbstverwirklichung und den kapitalistischen Verwertungsinteressen im Fokus der an der jüngeren Kritischen Theorie angelehnten Analyse. Schließlich wird der Versuch unternommen, die Entfremdungskritik von ihren theoretischen Mängeln zu befreien und diese in ihrem immanenten Doppelcharakter, als Einwand gegen die herrschenden Verhältnisse und zugleich als Legitimationsnarrativ des Bestehenden, zu reflektieren." (Autorenreferat)

El paso de un conflicto interno a un posconflicto y luego a la paz, es un proceso social e histórico que se enmarca en la solución a contradicciones profundas de la construcción de un territorio, surgidas en la compleja dinámica de las relaciones entre una sociedad civil y un Estado: es el caso de Colombia, país que desde los albores de la República entra a las guerras civiles del siglo XIX; que de ahí en adelante vive la violencia partidista (1946-1958) que cobra más de 200 mil víctimas y dos millones de desplazados; y que tras la Dictadura y la creación del Frente Nacional (1958-1974), al no lograrse la modernización del Estado desde mediados de los años 60 padece una confrontación armada que luego se exacerba con el desmonte del Estado Keynesiano y la implementación del Modelo Neoliberal (1991), conflicto cuyo cese ahora ha negociado el Gobierno con las FARC

International audience ; accessible en ligne (extraits) : https://univ-amu.academia.edu/BorisBarraud/Analytics#/activity/overview?_k=5d8ejxCe livre interroge et explique les objets et les moyens de la recherche juridique, ensemble des activités scientifiques et intellectuelles visant à améliorer la connaissance du droit. Il propose ainsi aux chercheurs et aux étudiants en master recherche ou en doctorat, explorateurs d'un monde juridique ô combien vaste et multipolaire, une carte et une boussole utiles à leurs expéditions savantes.La carte correspond à la première moitié de l'ouvrage, où sont distinguées et définies les différentes branches de la recherche juridique (théorie du droit, philosophie du droit, science du droit positif, histoire du droit, droit comparé, sociologie du droit, anthropologie du droit, analyse économique du droit, linguistique juridique, méthodologie juridique, épistémologie juridique, légistique et politique juridique). Quiconque travaille en droit ou sur le droit devrait être pleinement conscient de l'intention et de la méthode propres à la branche de la recherche juridique dans laquelle il s'inscrit.Quant à la boussole, il s'agit de la seconde moitié de l'ouvrage. Y sont tout d'abord examinées la possibilité et les conditions d'une recherche juridique scientifique. Ensuite, y sont discutés l'intérêt et les modalités d'une recherche juridique critique. L'étude scientifique et la pensée critique sont, en effet, les deux jambes de la recherche juridique, sans lesquelles elle ne pourrait progresser. Enfin, les dernières pages du livre abordent quelques-unes des difficultés concrètes que les scientifiques et les penseurs du droit doivent affronter au XXIe siècle. À l'ère de l'internet, certainement la recherche juridique est-elle appelée à s'adapter, si ce n'est à se réinventer.