Suchergebnisse

François Rigaux, who died in 2013, was a great figure of Belgian legal scholarship and left a deep impression on many generations of students from Louvain. Essentially known for his pioneering work in private international law, his legal culture was by no means limited to that field, while his critical thinking on the law radiated far beyond Europe. A man of strong-held political convictions, he fought many battles, which led him along the paths of public international law in search of a fairer world. Counsel for the Islamic Republic of Iran before the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal and judge ad hoc appointed by Iran in a case brought against the United States before the International Court of Justice, he directed at Louvain the doctoral research of several Iranian researchers who later became important figures in the Iranian academic and administrative world, among them is Prof. Mohsen Mohebi the co-editor of this Mélanges. Initiated in Tehran, this bilingual volume of homage brings together twenty contributions on the work of François Rigaux, the jurisprudence of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal as well as various current issues in public international law, including that of economic sanctions.

The population of Kosovo had suffered years of abuse, ethnic cleansing, turmoil, human atrocities, and constant conflict - the results of which plunged Kosovo into costly war. Following the war Kosovo was placed under the protection of the United Nations in 1999. Kosovo received many years of support and developmental assistance from the international community and became a sovereign nation in February 2008. It was very important for Kosovo's government to serve the needs of the people without continued oversight and intervention by the United Nations. Public institutions are vital to the success of the government. There is no institution more important to the successful development of a sovereign nation and their economy than the ethical administration of a tax authority. In the spring of 2008, after Kosovo's declaration of independence, this study was initiated to determine the moral maturity of the members of the Tax Authority of Kosovo. This study provides a review of the current situation in Kosovo and discusses ethical considerations in tax administration. The paper further provides a comprehensive discussion of ethical concerns and discusses the importance of moral development in the tax administration of Kosovo. Recommendations for managers and future research are presented.

BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), non-communicable diseases are responsible for 71% of annual global mortality. National governments and international organizations are increasingly considering medical imaging and nuclear medicine access data in strategies to address epidemiologic priorities. Our objective here was to develop a statistical model to assist countries in estimating their needs for PET-CT systems for the management of specific cancer types. MATERIAL/METHODS: We introduce a patient-centered statistical model based on country-specific epidemiological data, PET-CT performance, and evidence-based clinical guidelines for PET-CT use for cancer. The output of the model was integrated into a Bayesian model to rank countries or world regions that would benefit the most from upscaling PET-CT scanners. RESULTS: We applied our model to the IMAGINE database, recently developed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Our model indicates that at least 96 countries should upscale their PET-CT services and more than 200 additional PET-CT scanners would be required to fulfill their needs. The model also provides quantitative evidence indicating that low-income countries would benefit the most from increasing PET-CT provision. Finally, we discuss several cases in which the standard unit [number of scanners]/[million inhabitants] to guide strategic planning or address inequities is misleading. CONCLUSIONS: Our model may help in the accurate delineation and further reduction of global inequities in access to PET-CT scanners. As a template, the model also has the potential to estimate the costs and socioeconomic impact of implementing any medical imaging modality for any clinical application.