Suchergebnisse

An assessment of Ukraine President Leonid D. Kuchma (1994-2004) as an economic reformer contends that his policy instincts were not suitable for bringing about a successful transition from a state-centered socialist economy to a market-based democratic system. Kuchma's economic successes only occurred when he enlisted bright, young reformers to solve problems. Kuchma's record is examined in relation to economic output, the shadow economy; inflation; fiscal policy; government debt; privatization (including agro-industrial privatization); de-monopolization; deregulation; & foreign trade/direct investment. Kuchma began his presidency with ambitious plans for speeding up transition to the market; however, parliament obstructed implementation of his program, & his commitment to reform started to waiver in early 1995. Other issues discussed are Kuchma's effort to re-establish economic ties with Russia; his Ukrainian model of reform that emphasized adherence to historical & cultural traditions; introduction of the hryvnia as the national currency; the impact of the Asian financial crisis; deviation from market reforms; & Kuchma's ouster of reformer Prime Minister Viktor A. Yushchenko which led to Yushchenko's rise as Kuchma's successor. Tables. J. Lindroth

Die Autorin vermittelt zunächst einen Überblick über die Entwicklung der Agrarproduktion in der UdSSR (Produktionskennziffern der wichtigsten Agrarerzeugnisse, Agrarimporte, Probleme bei der Verarbeitung, Lagerung und dem Transport von Agrarprodukten) und der Lebensmittelversorgung der sowjetischen Bevölkerung in der 2. Hälfte der 80er Jahre. Vor dem Hintergrund der skizzierten landwirtschaftlichen Produktions- und Versorgungskrise befaßt sie sich sodann mit der Finanzkrise der sowjetischen Landwirtschaft sowohl auf der Ebene individueller, genossenschaftlicher und staatlicher Agrarbetriebe (Verschuldungskrise) als auch auf der Ebene des Staatshaushalts (Subventionierung der Agrarpreise). Abschließend informiert die Verfasserin über die Kollektiv- und Pachtverträge als alternative Formen der landwirtschaftlichen Vertragsbeziehungen. (Brooks; Problems of Communism, H. 2/1990)(BIOst-Gsh)

In Tibet, the process of political and spiritual reform inherent in Islam and Buddhism was not allowed to run its course due to the overwhelming might of a great communist power. The transition from ecclesiastical rule to a modern socialist government was, according to the author, due less to British imperialism or Chinese communist evangelism than to deep internal divisions, political and psychological, exacerbated by an effete, incompetent and hesitant Tibetan ruling hierarchy. (Internat. Pol. Science Assoc.)