Suchergebnisse

Aktuelle Studien zu internationaler Mediation haben sich bisher überwiegend mit der Auswirkung von Schlichter auf bewaffnete, innerstaatliche Konflikte beschäftigt und den Schwerpunkt auf erfolgreich abgeschlossene Waffenstillstände und Friedensabkommen gesetzt. Die wichtige Rolle, welche der Schlichter bei der Umsetzung von Friedensabkommen zukommt, wurde weitgehend vernachlässigt. Daher ist die Zielsetzung meiner Dissertation, eine wichtige Forschungslücke zu schließen und die Wirkung von "reiner" und "mächtiger" Schlichtungstypen hinsichtlich erfolgreicher Umsetzung von innerstaatlichen ...

Aktuelle Studien zu internationaler Mediation haben sich bisher überwiegend mit der Auswirkung von Schlichter auf bewaffnete, innerstaatliche Konflikte beschäftigt und den Schwerpunkt auf erfolgreich abgeschlossene Waffenstillstände und Friedensabkommen gesetzt. Die wichtige Rolle, welche der Schlichter bei der Umsetzung von Friedensabkommen zukommt, wurde weitgehend vernachlässigt. Daher ist die Zielsetzung meiner Dissertation, eine wichtige Forschungslücke zu schließen und die Wirkung von "reiner" und "mächtiger" Schlichtungstypen hinsichtlich erfolgreicher Umsetzung von innerstaatlichen ...

Religious Armed Conflict and Discrimination in the Middle East and North Africa: An Introduction / Jonathan Fox 407. - One God, Many Wars: Religious Dimensions of Armed Conflict in the Middle East and North Africa / Isak Svensson 411. - Armed Conflicts and Religious Factors: The Need for Synthesized Conceptual Frameworks and New Empirical Analyses - The Case of the MENA Region / Laura Feliu and Rafael Grasa 431. - Religious Discrimination against Religious Minorities in Middle Eastern Muslim States / Jonathan Fox 454

Abstract
When bringing armed conflicts to a peaceful end, the inclusion of civil society in peacemaking is a vital task. However, whereas previous research on civil society inclusion has made significant advancements, surprisingly little attention has been paid to analyzing how civil resistance and mass action may interact with more elite-driven approaches during peace processes. This study addresses this research gap by examining the interplay between elite and mass-based civil society approaches in three different peace processes in civil wars in Africa in the post-Cold War period: Liberia, the Central African Republic (CAR), and Burundi. We advance the literature by developing a framework that focuses on coordination of these different efforts and we explore this interplay empirically. With this study, we aim to broaden the research agenda, allowing for future synergies at the research frontier of mass action and the inclusion of civil society in peace processes.

When bringing armed conflicts to a peaceful end, the inclusion of civil society in peacemaking is a vital task. However, whereas previous research on civil society inclusion has made significant advancements, surprisingly little attention has been paid to analyzing how civil resistance and mass action may interact with more elite-driven approaches during peace processes. This study addresses this research gap by examining the interplay between elite and mass-based civil society approaches in three different peace processes in civil wars in Africa in the post-Cold War period: Liberia, the Central African Republic (CAR), and Burundi. We advance the literature by developing a framework that focuses on coordination of these different efforts and we explore this interplay empirically. With this study, we aim to broaden the research agenda, allowing for future synergies at the research frontier of mass action and the inclusion of civil society in peace processes.

In 2011-12 conflict continued to be a major concern for the international community, most notably in the Middle East, western Asia and Africa, but also with increased levels of interstate tension in East Asia. Nevertheless, deaths resulting from major organized violence worldwide remained at historically low levels. Perhaps the biggest single factor that has shaped the significant global decline in the number of armed conflicts and casualty rates since the end of the superpower confrontation of the cold war has been the dramatic reduction in major powers engaging in proxy conflicts. However, the relationship between states and conflict may be changing once again. In recent years there has been an increase in the number of intrastate conflicts that are internationalized -- that is, that have another state supporting one side or another. Such involvement often has the effect of increasing casualty rates and prolonging conflicts. Shifting interests and changing capabilities as a result of a weakening of the unipolar post-cold war security balance and the emergence of elements of multipolarity are clearly affecting the overall international order, even while levels of conflict remain relatively low. Nevertheless, some developments in 2011-12 could be seen as warning signs that if the positive trends in conflict that emerged in recent decades are to be sustained, new ways need to be found to build cooperative international relations to manage the changing global security order. Adapted from the source document.