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The annual European Antibody Congress (EAC) has traditionally been the key event for updates on critical scientific advances in the antibody field, and 2013 was no exception. Organized by Terrapinn, the well-attended meeting featured presentations on considerations for developing antibodies and antibody-like therapeutics, with separate tracks for antibody-drug conjugates, naked antibodies, and multispecific antibodies or protein scaffolds. The overall focus of the EAC was current approaches to enhance the functionality of therapeutic antibodies or other targeted proteins, with the ultimate goal being improvement of the safety and efficacy of the molecules as treatments for cancer, immune-mediated disorders and other diseases. Roundtable discussion sessions gave participants opportunities to engage in group discussions with industry leaders from companies such as Genmab, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, MedImmune, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, and Pierre Fabre. As the 2013 EAC was co-located with the World Biosimilar Congress, participants also received an update on European Medicines Agency guidelines and thoughts on the future direction and development of biosimilar antibodies in the European Union.

"Reprinted form the American political science review, vol. X, no. 4, November, 1916". ; Mode of access: Internet.

"Reprinted from Political science quarterly, volume 30, no. 4, December, 1915." ; Mode of access: Internet.

39 p., tablas, mapas, gráf. -- Post-print del artículo publicado en Journal of Biogeography. Versión revisada y corregida. ; The Helichrysum-Anaphalis-Pseudognaphalium (HAP) clade is a major component of the tribe Gnaphalieae (Compositae) and includes the genera Helichrysum, Anaphalis, Achyrocline and Pseudognaphalium. Allopolyploid origins for at least two clades within the HAP clade have previously been suggested, one involving the genus Anaphalis and the Mediterranean-Asian Helichrysum species, and a second one involving part of Pseudognaphalium. In the present paper, with the use of two nuclear ribosomal and two plastid DNA markers and an extensive sampling of the HAP clade, further evidence relevant to the origin, composition and closest relatives of these clades is provided, and additional cases of incongruence are discussed. The superposition of distribution areas on the phylogeny suggests that the HAP clade originated in the Cape region of southern Africa and subsequently dispersed to and diversified in the Afromontane regions of east southern Africa, mainly the Drakensberg, before spreading northward and giving rise to several lineages in Afromontane and Afroalpine areas of central tropical Africa and in Madagascar. Allopolyploidy may have preceded the dispersal and diversification of the HAP lineage out of Africa to the Mediterranean area, and to the Americas and Asia. Finally, discussion on the distribution of several morphological characters in the phylogeny and their taxonomic relevance is also provided, with views on the need for a new generic delimitation. ; The National Science Foundation (0301824/IRFP), CSIRO, Plant Industry (Australia), the Spanish government (CGL2007-60781/BOS, CGL2009-13322-C03-03/BOS, CGL2010-18631/BOS) and the Catalan government ('Ajuts a grups consolidats'2009/SGR/00439) have partly financed this work. ; Peer reviewed

The purpose of this investigation was to estimate excess lifetime risk of lung cancer death resulting from occupational exposure to hexavalent‐chromium‐containing dusts and mists. The mortality experience in a previously studied cohort of 2,357 chromate chemical production workers with 122 lung cancer deaths was analyzed with Poisson regression methods. Extensive records of air samples evaluated for water‐soluble total hexavalent chromium were available for the entire employment history of this cohort. Six different models of exposure‐response for hexavalent chromium were evaluated by comparing deviances and inspection of cubic splines. Smoking (pack‐years) imputed from cigarette use at hire was included in the model. Lifetime risks of lung cancer death from exposure to hexavalent chromium (assuming up to 45 years of exposure) were estimated using an actuarial calculation that accounts for competing causes of death. A linear relative rate model gave a good and readily interpretable fit to the data. The estimated rate ratio for 1 mg/m3‐yr of cumulative exposure to hexavalent chromium (as CrO3), with a lag of five years, was RR= 2.44 (95% CI = 1.54–3.83). The excess lifetime risk of lung cancer death from exposure to hexavalent chromium at the current OSHA permissible exposure limit (PEL) (0.10 mg/m3) was estimated to be 255 per 1,000 (95% CI: 109–416). This estimate is comparable to previous estimates by U.S. EPA, California EPA, and OSHA using different occupational data. Our analysis predicts that current occupational standards for hexavalent chromium permit a lifetime excess risk of dying of lung cancer that exceeds 1 in 10, which is consistent with previous risk assessments.

Not Available ; Koeda et al. (2014) published a review of fishes of the genus Pempheris of the Red Sea. They concluded that there are four species: P. adusta Bleeker, P. mangula Cuvier, P. nesogallica Cuvier, and a new species, P. tominagai. We show that the first three species they cite are not present in the Red Sea, as follows. (1) P. adusta is a western Pacific species (type locality Ambon), described only from the holotype, and without a dark border on the anal fin. Koeda et al. (2014) mistak-enly apply that name to P. flavicycla which is a widespread Indian Ocean species characterized by a prominent broad black border along the anal fin. Koeda et al. (2014) also redescribe P. adusta, using Indian Ocean specimens of P. flavicycla, despite the coloration difference and a 2.5% difference in the mtDNA sequence (COI) between Indian Ocean and W. Pa-cific populations. (2) P. mangula is a species from the east coast of India (type locality Visakhapatnam), clearly distinct in both gill-raker counts and a 1.1% sequence divergence in COI from its Red Sea relative P. rhomboidea. Pempheris man-gula is not found west of India, and Koeda et al. (2014) mistakenly use DNA from Oman and Madagascar to represent P. mangula, instead of genetic material available from the type locality. (3) Pempheris nesogallica (type locality Mauritius) is unknown from the Red Sea. Koeda et al. (2014) separate P. nesogallica from P. rhomboidea (their "P. mangula") by eye size; we fail to find any difference (and they use their purported eye-size difference to erroneously rename one of the two syntypes of P. nesogallica as "P. mangula"). (4) Their new species P. tominagai is referred to as the Indian Ocean sister species of "P. schwenkii of the Pacific"; however, the type locality of P. schwenkii is the Batu Islands off the SW coast of Sumatra in the Indian Ocean. They mistakenly include specimens of a distant South African species as paratypes of P. tominagai. We have determined that P. tominagai is a valid species endemic to the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. They mis-identify one lot of P. rhomboidea in the collection of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem as their record of P. nesogallica from the Red Sea. They misidentify the specimen in their photograph of Fig. 1B as P. adusta and use it as material for their redescription of the species, but it is now shown to be a paratype of Pempheris bexillon Mooi & Randall, 2014. Addition-ally, they regard P. malabarica Cuvier as a junior synonym of P. molucca Cuvier, but the name P. molucca is based on a fanciful painting and is unavailable as a nomen dubium. They treat Pempheris russellii Day as a junior synonym of P. man-gula; however, it is distinct in having longer pectoral fins, a larger eye, and more gill rakers. Their key to the species of Pempheris of the Red Sea is incorrect. We present a new key and conclude that only three species of Pempheris are pres-ently known from the Red Sea: P. flavicycla, P. rhomboidea, and P. tominagai. ; Government of Canada via the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, as well as from the Ontario Genomics Institute (2008-OGI-ICI-03), Genome Canada, the Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

Background: An increased prevalence of common mental disorders and suicide has been reported among physicians worldwide. We aimed to assess which, if any, interventions are effective at reducing or preventing symptoms of common mental health disorders or suicidality in physicians. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane CENTRAL (database inception to March 26, 2018), reference lists of included studies, and additional sources were systematically searched and screened by two independent reviewers. We included randomised controlled studies or controlled before–after studies of interventions to reduce depression, anxiety, or suicidality in physicians, as assessed by a validated outcome measure. Both organisation-level and physician-directed interventions were considered. Our primary outcome was differences in symptoms of common mental health disorders following intervention. We used random-effects modelling for the main meta-analyses and planned subgroup and sensitivity analyses. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42018091646. Findings: We identified 2992 articles for screening, of which eight were included in the systematic review (n=1023 physicians) and seven in the meta-analysis. Results indicated a moderate effect in favour of the physician-directed interventions for reduction in symptoms of common mental health disorders (standardised mean difference 0·62; 95% CI 0·40–0·83; p<0·0001). Separate analyses showed physician-directed interventions resulted in reductions of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicidality. No evidence of significant heterogeneity was found (Q=3·78; p=0·44). Interpretation: Physician-directed interventions are associated with small reductions in symptoms of common mental health disorders among physicians. Research regarding organisational interventions aimed at improving physicians' mental health via modification of the work environment is urgently needed. Funding: Health Workforce Programme, Commonwealth Department of Health, Australian Government, iCare Foundation, and NSW Health.

This paper reviews information about field observations of vegetation productivity in Australia's rangeland systems and identifies the need to establish a national initiative to collect net primary productivity (NPP) and biomass data for rangeland pastures. Productivity data are needed for vegetation and carbon model parameterisation, calibration and validation. Several methods can be used to estimate pasture productivity at various spatial and temporal scales, ranging from in situ measurements to satellite-based approaches and biogeochemical modelling. However, there is a barrier to implementing national vegetation and carbon modelling schemes because of the lack of digitised and readily available data derived from field observations, not because of the lack of modelling expertise. Our main goal in this paper is to explore the potential for consolida-tion of existing NPP and biomass databases for Australian rangelands. A protocol structure was proposed to establish a productivity database for Australia. The TERN (Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Network) national field data network for rangeland pasture productivity monitoring and modelling team could potentially coordinate the database. Government agencies and national and international research institutions could use the outputs from productivity models to inform greenhouse gas emissions and in measuring mitigation activities relevant for reporting against the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals and other international obligations. Other applications include monitoring fire danger, tracking ecological restoration and protec-tion, and estimating fodder availability. Australian researchers have the tools needed to succeed in creating such a national database and a robust community of practice to curate it, enhance it and benefit from its availability.

Purpose Information on incentives for COVID-19 testing is needed to understand effective practices that encourage testing uptake. We describe characteristics of those who received an incentive after performing a rapid antigen test. Design Cross-sectional descriptive analysis of survey data. Setting During April 29–May 9, 2021, COVID-19 rapid antigen testing was offered in 2 Maryland cities. Sample Convenience sample of 553 adults (≥18 years) who tested and received an incentive; 93% consented to survey. Measures Survey questions assessed reasons for testing, testing history, barriers, and demographics. Analysis Robust Poisson regressions were used to determine characteristic differences based on testing history and between participants who would re-test in the future without an incentive vs participants who would not. Results The most common reasons for testing were the desire to be tested (n = 280; 54%) and convenience of location (n = 146; 28%). Those motivated by an incentive to test (n = 110; 21%) were 5.83 times as likely to state they would not test again without an incentive, compared to those with other reasons for testing (95% CI: 2.67-12.72, P < .001). Critical Limitations No comparative study group. Conclusion Results indicate internal motivation and convenience were prominent factors supporting testing uptake. Incentives may increase community testing participation, particularly among people who have never tested. Keywords COVID-19, pandemic, incentives, health behavior, community testing.