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This paper presents a corpus of pre-processed Mexican laws for computational tasks. The main contributions are the proposed JSON structure and the methodology used to achieve the semi-structured corpus with the selected algorithms. Law PDF documents were transformed into plain text, unified by a deconstruction of law–document structure, and labeled with natural language processing techniques considering part of speech (PoS); a process of entity extraction was also performed. The corpus includes the Mexican constitution and the Mexican laws that were collected from the official site in PDF format repealed before 14 October 2021. The collection has 305 documents, including: the Mexican constitution, 289 laws, 8 federal codes, 3 regulations, 2 statutes, 1 decree, and 1 ordinance. The semi-structured database includes the transformation of the set of laws from PDF format to a digital representation in order to facilitate its computational analysis. The documents were migrated to JSON type files to represent internal hierarchical relations. In addition, basic natural language processing techniques were implemented on laws for the identification of part of speech and named entities. The presented data set is mainly useful for text analysis and data science. It could be used for various legislative analysis tasks including: comprehension, interpretation, translation, classification, accessibility, coherence, and searches. Finally, we present some statistic of the identified entities and an example of the usefulness of the corpus for environmental laws.

This paper presents a corpus of pre-processed Mexican laws for computational tasks. The main contributions are the proposed JSON structure and the methodology used to achieve the semi-structured corpus with the selected algorithms. Law PDF documents were transformed into plain text, unified by a deconstruction of law–document structure, and labeled with natural language processing techniques considering part of speech (PoS); a process of entity extraction was also performed. The corpus includes the Mexican constitution and the Mexican laws that were collected from the official site in PDF format repealed before 14 October 2021. The collection has 305 documents, including: the Mexican constitution, 289 laws, 8 federal codes, 3 regulations, 2 statutes, 1 decree, and 1 ordinance. The semi-structured database includes the transformation of the set of laws from PDF format to a digital representation in order to facilitate its computational analysis. The documents were migrated to JSON type files to represent internal hierarchical relations. In addition, basic natural language processing techniques were implemented on laws for the identification of part of speech and named entities. The presented data set is mainly useful for text analysis and data science. It could be used for various legislative analysis tasks including: comprehension, interpretation, translation, classification, accessibility, coherence, and searches. Finally, we present some statistic of the identified entities and an example of the usefulness of the corpus for environmental laws.

In this paper, we consider a fuzzy variant of the Borda count taking into account agents' intensities of preference. This fuzzy Borda count is obtained by means of score gradation & normalization processes from its original pattern. The advantages of the Borda count hold, & are even improved, providing an appropriate scheme in collective decision making. In addition, both classic & fuzzy Borda counts are related to approval voting, establishing a unified framework from distinct points of view. 2 Tables, 55 References. Adapted from the source document.

This paper analyzes infant mortality in a unique and highly-detailed data set from Uruguay. A duration model is employed to estimate the relationships between infant mortality and socioeconomic status at the individual, household, and community level. Our results indicate that the most important predictors of infant survival in the first year of life are a full gestational period, mother's educational attainment, marital status (a proxy for family wealth), and the type of hospital used for delivery. We also find that the region where the mother resides (a proxy for community wealth), whether or not the delivery was a multiple delivery, and the gender of the infant are strong predictors of infant mortality in Uruguay. In light of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, the results presented in this paper suggest that policies designed to increase women's education and to decrease out-of-wedlock births can substantially improve infant health in less-developed countries.

<i>Background/Aim:</i> In recent years, there has been a growing interest in developing adequate treatments for patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and a comorbid substance use disorder (SUD). In the present paper we aim to critically review published reports on the use of conventional and second-generation antipsychotics in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia and comorbid SUD, to provide clinicians with a clearer view of the pharmacological treatment of this highly prevalent dual diagnosis based upon the evidence arising from the scientific literature. <i>Methods:</i> A search of the relevant literature from Medline, PsycLIT and EMBASE databases, included in the Science Citation Index, and available up to November 2006 was conducted using the terms: 'schizophrenia', 'substance use disorder' and 'antipsychotics'. <i>Results:</i> While research on the use of conventional antipsychotics has remained limited, the majority of studies suggest the effectiveness of second-generation antipsychotics, particularly clozapine, for patients with schizophrenia and a comorbid substance use disorder. <i>Conclusion:</i> In the absence of randomized controlled trials that could provide more reliable information, clinical decisions may need to rely on indirect data provided by the increasing number of case reports, open trials and retrospective studies showing a decrease in cigarette smoking, alcohol, cocaine or cannabis use and an improvement of overall psychiatric symptoms.

In the last decades, a growing industry has been created in relation to building envelope retrofits. Linked to the lack of financial capacity of many building owners, innovative instruments such as energy performance contracts have been promoted by public bodies. This kind of instruments require of detailed energy assessment processes in order to define the expected heat load reduction and the associated economic flows between building owners and Energy Services Companies. When dealing with building envelopes, existing methods for building envelope heat loss characterization require of substantial efforts in terms of equipment and time, which makes them difficult to apply in real practice. In this paper, a novel method is proposed based on whole-building heat load assessment by means of heat meters, and analytical calculations of building envelope transmission heat load coefficients. This method, which requires minimal or no additional equipment, can be used over historical data from District Heating systems. It assigns a specific load fraction to building envelope heat transfer and allows to assess the expected reduction due to the building envelope retrofit. Numerical and experimental data is presented based on an educational building in the city of Burgos, Spain. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 768567.