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International audience ; This study aims to investigate a new technological solution for CO 2 capture from fossil fuel burning power plants. It consists of coupling an oxygen-enriched combustion (typically 30-80% O 2) with a CO 2 capture by membrane separation processes. This offers a CO 2 capture process with a greatly reduced energetic cost compared to conventional post-combustion or oxycombustion processes. The overall purpose of the present work is to maximize the energy production by combustion while ensuring a correct operation of the global process in compliance with environmental legislations. First, a feasibility study is performed with numerical simulations of the energy required for this "hybrid" process. In parallel, combustion kinetics simulations are performed in order to determine the best combustion conditions. This numerical approach is now under experimental validation in a counter-flow burner at LCD and in a model gas turbine chamber at CORIA. Introduction Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) represents a promising option for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel-fired power plants [1]. Much of the research in this area focuses on minimizing the energy required for CO 2 capture. While pre-combustion capture offers the most promising alternative for integrated coal gasification combined cycle or natural gas combined cycle power plants [2], post-combustion is usually inescapable for other industrial plants (cement, steel, glass, refineries, chemical plants, etc). The application of this latter technology is still not developed because of high cost (around 40 € per ton of CO 2 captured) for which the capture step dominates, typically 60-80% of the overall cost of the capture-transportation-injection for storage chain. A reduction of this cost is then required. From a practical point of view, CO 2 capture in post-combustion process is currently envisaged through two aspects: i) High purity oxygen supply (oxycombustion) to avoid dilution with nitrogen, leading to the ...

International audience ; This study aims to investigate a new technological solution for CO 2 capture from fossil fuel burning power plants. It consists of coupling an oxygen-enriched combustion (typically 30-80% O 2) with a CO 2 capture by membrane separation processes. This offers a CO 2 capture process with a greatly reduced energetic cost compared to conventional post-combustion or oxycombustion processes. The overall purpose of the present work is to maximize the energy production by combustion while ensuring a correct operation of the global process in compliance with environmental legislations. First, a feasibility study is performed with numerical simulations of the energy required for this "hybrid" process. In parallel, combustion kinetics simulations are performed in order to determine the best combustion conditions. This numerical approach is now under experimental validation in a counter-flow burner at LCD and in a model gas turbine chamber at CORIA. Introduction Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) represents a promising option for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel-fired power plants [1]. Much of the research in this area focuses on minimizing the energy required for CO 2 capture. While pre-combustion capture offers the most promising alternative for integrated coal gasification combined cycle or natural gas combined cycle power plants [2], post-combustion is usually inescapable for other industrial plants (cement, steel, glass, refineries, chemical plants, etc). The application of this latter technology is still not developed because of high cost (around 40 € per ton of CO 2 captured) for which the capture step dominates, typically 60-80% of the overall cost of the capture-transportation-injection for storage chain. A reduction of this cost is then required. From a practical point of view, CO 2 capture in post-combustion process is currently envisaged through two aspects: i) High purity oxygen supply (oxycombustion) to avoid dilution with nitrogen, leading to the capture of concentrated CO 2 by a simple drying operation; ii) CO 2 capture in the exhaust gas of a conventional process with air supply (CO 2 content is usually between 4 and 15 % depending on the fuel type) using separation process like absorption in liquids (amine washing). The global objective is to ensure a CO 2 capture rate of 80 to 90% while producing a flue gas containing 80% of CO 2 (to allow transportation and sequestration) with a minimal energy consumption (typically less than 2GJ per ton of CO 2 captured) [3]. The investigation of a technological solution, allowing minimization of the energy requirement while ensuring high CO 2 concentration, is the major purpose of this study. The basic concept relies on a novel approach based on an association of combustion and capture

International audience ; This study aims to investigate a new technological solution for CO 2 capture from fossil fuel burning power plants. It consists of coupling an oxygen-enriched combustion (typically 30-80% O 2) with a CO 2 capture by membrane separation processes. This offers a CO 2 capture process with a greatly reduced energetic cost compared to conventional post-combustion or oxycombustion processes. The overall purpose of the present work is to maximize the energy production by combustion while ensuring a correct operation of the global process in compliance with environmental legislations. First, a feasibility study is performed with numerical simulations of the energy required for this "hybrid" process. In parallel, combustion kinetics simulations are performed in order to determine the best combustion conditions. This numerical approach is now under experimental validation in a counter-flow burner at LCD and in a model gas turbine chamber at CORIA. Introduction Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) represents a promising option for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel-fired power plants [1]. Much of the research in this area focuses on minimizing the energy required for CO 2 capture. While pre-combustion capture offers the most promising alternative for integrated coal gasification combined cycle or natural gas combined cycle power plants [2], post-combustion is usually inescapable for other industrial plants (cement, steel, glass, refineries, chemical plants, etc). The application of this latter technology is still not developed because of high cost (around 40 € per ton of CO 2 captured) for which the capture step dominates, typically 60-80% of the overall cost of the capture-transportation-injection for storage chain. A reduction of this cost is then required. From a practical point of view, CO 2 capture in post-combustion process is currently envisaged through two aspects: i) High purity oxygen supply (oxycombustion) to avoid dilution with nitrogen, leading to the capture of concentrated CO 2 by a simple drying operation; ii) CO 2 capture in the exhaust gas of a conventional process with air supply (CO 2 content is usually between 4 and 15 % depending on the fuel type) using separation process like absorption in liquids (amine washing). The global objective is to ensure a CO 2 capture rate of 80 to 90% while producing a flue gas containing 80% of CO 2 (to allow transportation and sequestration) with a minimal energy consumption (typically less than 2GJ per ton of CO 2 captured) [3]. The investigation of a technological solution, allowing minimization of the energy requirement while ensuring high CO 2 concentration, is the major purpose of this study. The basic concept relies on a novel approach based on an association of combustion and capture

International audience ; This study aims to investigate a new technological solution for CO 2 capture from fossil fuel burning power plants. It consists of coupling an oxygen-enriched combustion (typically 30-80% O 2) with a CO 2 capture by membrane separation processes. This offers a CO 2 capture process with a greatly reduced energetic cost compared to conventional post-combustion or oxycombustion processes. The overall purpose of the present work is to maximize the energy production by combustion while ensuring a correct operation of the global process in compliance with environmental legislations. First, a feasibility study is performed with numerical simulations of the energy required for this "hybrid" process. In parallel, combustion kinetics simulations are performed in order to determine the best combustion conditions. This numerical approach is now under experimental validation in a counter-flow burner at LCD and in a model gas turbine chamber at CORIA. Introduction Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) represents a promising option for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel-fired power plants [1]. Much of the research in this area focuses on minimizing the energy required for CO 2 capture. While pre-combustion capture offers the most promising alternative for integrated coal gasification combined cycle or natural gas combined cycle power plants [2], post-combustion is usually inescapable for other industrial plants (cement, steel, glass, refineries, chemical plants, etc). The application of this latter technology is still not developed because of high cost (around 40 € per ton of CO 2 captured) for which the capture step dominates, typically 60-80% of the overall cost of the capture-transportation-injection for storage chain. A reduction of this cost is then required. From a practical point of view, CO 2 capture in post-combustion process is currently envisaged through two aspects: i) High purity oxygen supply (oxycombustion) to avoid dilution with nitrogen, leading to the ...

International audience ; This study aims to investigate a new technological solution for CO 2 capture from fossil fuel burning power plants. It consists of coupling an oxygen-enriched combustion (typically 30-80% O 2) with a CO 2 capture by membrane separation processes. This offers a CO 2 capture process with a greatly reduced energetic cost compared to conventional post-combustion or oxycombustion processes. The overall purpose of the present work is to maximize the energy production by combustion while ensuring a correct operation of the global process in compliance with environmental legislations. First, a feasibility study is performed with numerical simulations of the energy required for this "hybrid" process. In parallel, combustion kinetics simulations are performed in order to determine the best combustion conditions. This numerical approach is now under experimental validation in a counter-flow burner at LCD and in a model gas turbine chamber at CORIA. Introduction Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) represents a promising option for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel-fired power plants [1]. Much of the research in this area focuses on minimizing the energy required for CO 2 capture. While pre-combustion capture offers the most promising alternative for integrated coal gasification combined cycle or natural gas combined cycle power plants [2], post-combustion is usually inescapable for other industrial plants (cement, steel, glass, refineries, chemical plants, etc). The application of this latter technology is still not developed because of high cost (around 40 € per ton of CO 2 captured) for which the capture step dominates, typically 60-80% of the overall cost of the capture-transportation-injection for storage chain. A reduction of this cost is then required. From a practical point of view, CO 2 capture in post-combustion process is currently envisaged through two aspects: i) High purity oxygen supply (oxycombustion) to avoid dilution with nitrogen, leading to the capture of concentrated CO 2 by a simple drying operation; ii) CO 2 capture in the exhaust gas of a conventional process with air supply (CO 2 content is usually between 4 and 15 % depending on the fuel type) using separation process like absorption in liquids (amine washing). The global objective is to ensure a CO 2 capture rate of 80 to 90% while producing a flue gas containing 80% of CO 2 (to allow transportation and sequestration) with a minimal energy consumption (typically less than 2GJ per ton of CO 2 captured) [3]. The investigation of a technological solution, allowing minimization of the energy requirement while ensuring high CO 2 concentration, is the major purpose of this study. The basic concept relies on a novel approach based on an association of combustion and capture

SummaryThe physical, achievement, and personality characteristics of Chinese schoolchildren are evaluated. The results of two surveys of Chinese schoolchildren, conducted in Beijing and Jilin Province, are presented. In the Beijing sample, the differences between only children and others were small but statistically significant, with the only children having higher scores in achievement and physical size. In the Jilin Province sample, the differences between only children and others were also small but significant. These differences were found entirely in physical characteristics, with only children being smaller, perhaps because the only children in the Jilin sample were much younger than the non-only children. Analyses of the combined sample of Beijing and Jilin schoolchildren indicated that the only-child advantages in achievement were found among children from urban families, not rural peasant families. While significant differences in height and weight were found in all three samples, none of the results indicated a significant difference in the proportion of body fat. None of the analyses indicated that only children had undesirable personalities, as judged by teachers and mothers.

A gastroenteritis outbreak occurred in a military camp where a laboratory and epidemiological investigation was carried out. The early onset of symptoms indicated probable food contamination with Clostridium perfringens. Stool samples collected from affected patients were tested within 4 h via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the C. perfringens plc gene. Ten out of the 12 stool samples were positive. Confirmation of the molecular test results was carried out by enumeration of C. perfringens in stool by culture and shown to be in excess of 106 spores/g stool. The isolates obtained from culture were further analysed by PCR for the presence of the chromosomal enterotoxin (cpe) gene. Based on the clinical symptoms, epidemiological and laboratory investigations, C. perfringens was implicated as the aetiological agent. The ability to conduct real-time PCR analysis greatly shortens the time to diagnosis and allows for preventive and control measures to be effected quickly.

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record ; Indirect absorption extended below the direct transition edge and increase in carrier lifetime derived from Rashba spin-orbit coupling may advance the optoelectronic applications of metal halide perovskites. Spin-orbit coupling in halide perovskites is due to the presence of heavy elements in their structure. However, when these materials lack an inversion symmetry, for example by the application of strain, spin-orbit coupling becomes odd in the electron's momentum giving rise to a splitting in the electronic energy bands. Here we report on the observation of a large Rashba splitting of 117 meV at room temperature through a facile compositional engineering approach in halide perovskite single crystals, as predicted by relativistic first-principles calculations. Partial substitution of organic cations by rubidium ions in single crystals induces significant indirect absorption and dual emission as a result of a large Rashba splitting. We measured significant magneto-photocurrent, magneto-electroluminescence and magneto-photoluminescence responses in perovskite single crystal devices and thin films. They originate from the significant spin-momentum locking that leads to different precession frequencies of their respective spins about the applied magnetic field. A hybrid perovskite single crystal photodetector achieved record figures of merit, including detectivity of more than 1.3×1018 Jones which represents a three orders of magnitude improvement compared to the to date record. These findings show that facile compositional engineering of perovskite single crystals holds great promise for further advancing the optoelectronic properties of existing materials. ; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) ; European Union Horizon 2020 ; Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Universitàe della Ricerca (MIUR) ; Università degli Studi di Perugia ; CNPq, Brazil

© 2019 The Author(s). STUDY QUESTION: What is the relationship between pre-pregnancy maternal glucose levels and fecundability in Chinese couples? SUMMARY ANSWER: Elevated pre-pregnancy maternal glucose levels were associated with fecundability, as reflected by prolonged time to pregnancy (TTP) among the couples with no prior gravidity. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Based on the National Free Pre-conception Check-up Projects supported by the Chinese government, 2 226 048 eligible couples attempting first pregnancy and participating in the project from 2015 to 2016 were included. They were followed-up for 1 year or until they reported pregnancy. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHODS: The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative pregnancy rate in each menstrual cycle, and the discrete-time analogue of the Cox models was used to estimate the fecundability odds ratios (FORs) and 95% CIs by different pre-pregnancy maternal glucose levels (impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or diabetes as compared to normal). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The cumulative pregnancy rate for 12 cycles of the normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level group was 42.29%, significantly higher than that of the IFG (35.52%) and diabetes groups (31.52%). After adjusting for confounding factors, the FORs were 0.82 (95% CI: 0.81-0.83) and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.72-0.76) for the IFG and diabetes groups, respectively, as compared to the normal group. The association between pre-pregnancy maternal FPG levels and the FORs was non-linear, and the optimal FPG level for greatest fecundability (shortest TTP) was 3.90-4.89 mmol/L. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The findings from this register-based cohort study require cautious interpretation given that information bias would be inevitable for single FPG measurements and for TTP calculations that were based on telephone follow-up information. Additionally, because couples who achieved pregnancy during their first menstrual cycle in the study were excluded, the pregnancy rates reported were low and possibly biased. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The current report suggests that elevated pre-pregnancy maternal glucose levels were associated with prolonged TTP. Early evaluation and preventive treatment for female partners with IFG or diabetes in a pre-pregnancy examination are necessary. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): Funding was provided by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grants No. 2016YFC1000300 and 2016YFC1000307), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 81872634), the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (grant No. 2018-I2M-1-004), the National Human Genetic Resources Sharing Service Platform (grant No. 2005DKA21300) and the National Population and Reproductive Health Science Data Center (grant No. 2005DKA32408), People's Republic of China. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A

Among the biggest global challenges for policymakers is the development of land use policies robust to climate change impacts. While diverse fields can inform adaptation, integrated social-ecological assessment of the multiple adaptation options are rare and cannot be easily applied. Here, we build on past studies by undertaking an integrated fine scale and strategic allocation of sea level rise (SLR) adaptation options that can direct policy making. We use models of probabilistic SLR inundation, urban growth, and sub-and intertidal ecosystem migration, to investigate the impacts of different SLR adaptation strategies, and how these can be allocated to best achieve both development and conservation goals. Coastal adaptation will involve trade-offs among development and conservation objectives and these will vary based on the extent to which sea levels rise. There will be trade-offs between conservation objectives regardless of the adaptation options chosen, however, retreat does provide opportunities for enabling the expansion of coastal ecosystems inland. Local governments can save billions of dollars and minimize political conflict between conservation and development goals through integrated strategic spatial planning. Our planning approach both informs policy and is transferable to other coastal regions faced with a rising sea.