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In this paper, I contribute to the literature on self-organized houseless encampments in the United States in two ways. First, I draw on Roy's concept of racial banishment to examine the relationship between encampments and American racial capitalism. Second, I extend Caldeira's theory of peripheral urbanization – originally developed to describe urban informality in the Global South – to encampments in the United States. Doing so highlights how encampment residents and local government interact with one another through transversal logics. I show how both these frameworks – racial banishment and peripheral urbanization – can help us understand the creation of two self-organized houseless encampments: Dignity Village in Portland and Umoja Village in Miami. In each city, I describe how these encampments not only encountered, but also countered various forms of banishment through creative means.

Remote detecting component Networks (WSNs) might be a promising structure acclimated help the stipulation of the numerous military and mechanical administrations. They require numerous elective limitations, similar to machine control, stockpiling limit, vitality offer and so on territory unit the key issue is their vitality imperative. A few issues keep a watch out the viability of WSNs to help totally unique applications, similar to the asset circle of detecting component gadgets and the limited battery control. To avoid this drawback and to improve the execution needn't\'t exclusively to limit add up to vitality utilization however also to adjust WSN stack. Amid this examination, a totally one of a kind tree fundamentally based steering convention is arranged that manufactures a directing tree utilizing a technique wherever, for each circular, SB relegates a root hub and communicates this decision to all or any detecting component hubs. Afterward, every hub chooses its parent by considering exclusively itself and its neighbors' data, so making a dynamic convention. The recreation comes about demonstrates that the arranged approach performs higher that option existing methodologies. Keywords: Wireless sensor network; generalised tree based algorithm;network and radio model;cluster head.

International audience ; Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) are spontaneous wireless networks of mobile nodes without any fixed infrastructure. MANET are promised to a large spectrum of military or civilian utilizations. Routing is a key topic in such networks: overhead must be minimized, optimizing the delay and reducing the packet losses. Several routing protocols were proposed in the literature but, recently, new routing protocols based on a self-organization, like Virtual Structure Routing (VSR), were proposed. VSR is based on a self-organized structure with an important stability and persistence. In this paper, we aim to quantify the contribution of the self-organization on the routing behavior and performances. We oppose VSR as a self-organized protocol to the classical one: reactive (AODV), proactive (OLSR) and clustered (CBRP). The impact of the mobility and the density, the horizontal and the vertical scalabilities are studied.

International audience ; Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) are spontaneous wireless networks of mobile nodes without any fixed infrastructure. MANET are promised to a large spectrum of military or civilian utilizations. Routing is a key topic in such networks: overhead must be minimized, optimizing the delay and reducing the packet losses. Several routing protocols were proposed in the literature but, recently, new routing protocols based on a self-organization, like Virtual Structure Routing (VSR), were proposed. VSR is based on a self-organized structure with an important stability and persistence. In this paper, we aim to quantify the contribution of the self-organization on the routing behavior and performances. We oppose VSR as a self-organized protocol to the classical one: reactive (AODV), proactive (OLSR) and clustered (CBRP). The impact of the mobility and the density, the horizontal and the vertical scalabilities are studied.

Trabajo presentado al 2012 MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit, celebrado del 25 al 30 de noviembre en Boston (US).-- arXiv:1301.6088 ; Eutectic fibers consisting of an ordered arrangement of LiF fibrils inside a LiREF4 matrix (RE = Y, Gd) can be grown with the micro-pulling-down method at sufficiently large pulling rate exceeding 120 mm/h. The distance between individual fibrils could be scaled down to 1 µm at 300 mm/h pulling. LiF-LiYF4 has stronger tendency to form facetted eutectic colonies than LiF-LiGdF4, explained by the larger entropy of melting of the former. ; This work received financial support from the European Union (7th Framework Programme, "ENSEMBLE", NMP4-SL-2008-213669), from CNPq (477595/2008-1; 290111/2010-2) and from DAAD-CAPES (po-50752632). MFA acknowledges Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (Spain) for the FPU scholarship. ; Peer Reviewed

We investigate self-organized synchronization in a blue-detuned optomechanical cavity that is mechanically coupled to an undriven mechanical resonator. By controlling the strength of the driving field, we engineer a mechanical gain that balances the losses of the undriven resonator. This gain-loss balance corresponds to the threshold where both coupled mechanical resonators enter simultaneously into self-sustained limit cycle oscillations regime. This leads to rich sets of collective dynamics such as in-phase and out-of-phase synchronizations, depending on the mechanical coupling rate, the frequency mismatch between the resonators, and the external driving strength through the mechanical gain and the optical spring effect. Moreover, we show that the introduction of a quadratic coupling, which results from a quadratically coupling of the optical cavity mode to the mechanical displacement, enhances the in-phase synchronization. This work shows how phonon transfer can optomechanically induce synchronization in a coupled mechanical resonator array and opens up new avenues for phonon processing and novel memories concepts. ; This work was supported by the European Commission FET OPEN H2020 project PHENOMEN-Grant Agreement No. 713450. P.D. acknowledges the funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 754510, and the support from Severo Ochoa Program (MINECO, Grant No. SEV-2017-0706) and funding from the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. ; Peer reviewed

PurposeThis paper aims to reflect on the work of Virginia E. Schein and her paper "The functions of work‐related group participation for poor women in developing countries: an exploratory look."Design/methodology/approachProfessor Schein traveled to Nicaragua, to lower‐income settings, where she observed and recorded the experiences of women working in self‐organized groups, and used those observations to argue to the profession generally that self‐organized groups of women, however marginal the work itself, can be instrumental in developing the key sense of agency, and self‐efficacy. These are basic capabilities; the stuff of the Millennium Development Goals.FindingsFor this special issue, therefore, the authors have made Schein's 2003 study a focal point. To set the context they asked Dr Schein to reiterate the rationale for the research, and provide a brief overview of the original observations. To help expand the debate on gender, work and poverty reduction, the authors have asked noted colleagues to provide a series of Commentaries on the original article.Originality/valueWomen, especially those raising children alone, are among the poorest of the poor in developing and more developed economies. Research that is applicable and relevant to their work‐related concerns can and should be a larger part of worldwide efforts to reduce poverty. Organizational psychology has much to contribute to those long‐overdue efforts.

The article discusses cultural and social practices that take a positive approach to the Yugoslav socialist past. These practices represent a potential source of emancipation, reflection, and resistance. They potentially imply a call for collectivity and solidarity in various post-Yugoslav worlds, as well as across ethnic boundaries. In particular, the article discusses the self-organized youth choirs that sing songs from the Yugoslav socialist period. The phenomenon of self-organized choirs in the former Yugoslavia is considered a paradigmatic example of a pro-active, autonomous and emancipatory approach to the Yugoslav past. An approach, the author argues, that is a precondition for imagining and negotiating a "decent", "normal", "European" future in the post-Yugoslav space. Adapted from the source document.

Current changes in society, in particular globalization, demographic trends, and changes in the labour market, have far-reaching implications for how we live and work together. Common social problems, for instance, are becoming more complex and new problematic situations continually arise. With cuts in the social sector and increasing demands for efficiency and effectiveness, overall conditions are becoming worse. Faced with these developments, social security systems are increasingly pushed to the limit and are forced to redefine their areas of responsibility. In addition, we must take account the issue of crowding-out processes in the social sphere. Large, mostly internationally operating enterprises for example are increasingly receiving performance contracts from governments in the areas of elderly care or immigrant services. It is also apparent that social service organizations are overloaded and that their established structures and historically evolved market positions are eroding. In the current discussion, we have to find answers to at least two questions within the context of developing organizations:1. How should we build organizations so that they are able to withstand or handle these challenges?2. How can we define the role of leadership in these organizations?First, we will discuss the concept of responsibility. We will then describe the different challenges that organizations face, particularly in the social sector. Based on Frederic Laloux's (2014) model of "Evolutionary Organizations,†we will present a critical discussion of the possibilities for responsible leadership that are available to organizations in the social sector.