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Conversation Analysis uncovers features of talk-in-interaction during "real life" conversations. When these phenomena are repeatedly observed in the data, conclusions can be drawn regarding the function of the phenomena as elements of talk. In this project, we drew on a corpus of video-recordings collected in five different early childhood education and care settings in Melbourne. We were interested in pinpointing precisely how feedback that expands learning and encourages sustained engagement was enacted by teachers during play-based mathematics activities. This fine-grained focus provides research-based evidence to support teachers using these strategies in a purposeful manner as an element of intentional teaching. Although this case study draws on data gathered in an early childhood setting, readers are encouraged to reflect on the application of conversation analysis as a methodology and method to data gathered in diverse contexts.

In this book review, I addressed the ways that qualitative researchers have examined the links between Conversation Analysis (CA), which often is criticized as a method without context or theory, and the issue of gender. I consider the ways that the editors adopt the controversial position that CA is a politically laden method and that authors extend and challenge existing CA research. I point out the ways that this book both inconsistently connects its chapters and establishes its intended audience, while clearly offering a balanced examination of the ways that gender-in-talk is often relevant but not omnipresent in conversations.

This case study reports on nested projects within a larger interdisciplinary project, utilizing linguistics and sociology, arising from a corpus of conversational data. Projects were data-generated, that is, what happened between participants dictated the research questions. The data are recordings of parent–child interaction, and our viewings/hearings of these recordings. In one project, a recording device was given to the father, an English speaker, who recorded a number of conversations with his bilingual son over an 18-month period. Researchers were not present during conversations. Recordings were transcribed according to the orthographic system developed by Gail Jefferson and analyzed using the research approach Conversation Analysis. Certain changes in the "systematics" of talk were observable over time due to the longitudinal aspect of recording the same participants over time, from when the child was 3 years old to when he was nearly 5. One of the lessons from this case is how little data are required from which to generate material for analysis. These "small" data contain a multitude of interactional phenomena for explication.

The objective of this study is to show how conversation analysis, a sociological discipline, approaches the study of social institutions. Social institutions are conceived as the crystallization of members' communicative, interactional practices. Two institutional domains-psychiatric interviews and broadcast news interviews -and a specific interactional practice-'formulations'-are examined in this study. The results show that (1) in psychiatric interviews the psychiatrist uses formulations to transform the patients' avowals and establish a psychiatric problem. (2) In broadcast news interviews, formulations might help the interviewer to clarify or transform the statements of the interviewee, or challenge his assertions. The comparison of formulations in two different institutional settings serves the purpose of (1) demonstrating how communicative conduct is adapted in particular settings in ways that invoke and configure distinct social institutions and (2) inspect the knowledge, practices, logic, etc., mobilized by members of the epistemic communities of psychiatry and journalism. ; El objetivo de este estudio es mostrar cómo la disciplina sociológica del análisis de la conversación aborda el estudio de las instituciones sociales. Las instituciones sociales se conciben como la cristalización de las prácticas comunicativas y de interacción de los miembros de la sociedad. Se examinan dos dominios institucionales -las entrevistas psiquiátricas y las entrevistas en las noticias- y una práctica interaccional específica: las 'formulaciones'. Los resultados muestran que (1) en las entrevistas psiquiátricas las formulaciones ayudan al psiquiatra a transformar las declaraciones de los pacientes para poder así establecer un problema de orden psiquiátrico. (2) En la entrevista televisada, las formulaciones ayudan al entrevistador a clarificar o transformar las declaraciones del entrevistado, o desafiar sus afirmaciones. La comparación de las formulaciones en dos entornos institucionales diferentes sirve para (1) demostrar cómo se adapta la conducta comunicativa en contextos específicos de maneras que invocan y configuran distintas instituciones sociales, y (2) observar el conocimiento, prácticas, lógica, etc., movilizados por los miembros de las comunidades epistémicas de la psiquiatría y el periodismo.

This article provides a critical review of Wetherell and Edley's (1999) discursive reformulation of the concept of 'hegemonic masculinity'. While I retain some familiar features from Wetherell and Edley's approach, I develop a discursive perspective that is located more firmly in the technical, conversation analytic tradition - as outlined in the recent exchange between Schegloff (1997, 1998) and Wetherell (1998). In particular, I argue that previous research is based on the assumption that we need to venture further than the limits of the text to explain why participants say what they do, and go beyond participants' orientations to be able to say anything politically effective. Using data from two semi- structured interviews with men in their early 20s, I explore how participants construct masculinity and situate themselves (and others) in relation to those constructions. This involves an analysis that is more attentive to participant orientations and gendered category membership than that used in the analysis of masculinity so far. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of this approach for feminist psychology.

Jürgen Streeck diskutiert in dem nachfolgenden Interview die Entwicklung der Ethnomethodologie und ihre Überschneidungen mit der daraus hervorgehenden Konversationsanalyse sowie der sich parallel entwickelnden Interaktionsforschung. Er gibt einen persönlichen Einblick in seine stark durch Aaron Cicourel geprägte Aneignung der Ethnomethodologie und deren intellektuelles Umfeld innerhalb Deutschlands und auch der USA, in denen sich auf unterschiedliche Weise Stränge der Linguistik und der Soziologie miteinander verwebten. Anhand seines eigenen beruflichen Werdegangs zeichnet er nach, wie zentrale linguistische Konzepte, beispielsweise Indexikalität, durch die Ethnomethodologie herausgefordert und weiterentwickelt wurden. Weiterhin weist er auf die Bedeutung theoretischer Ansätze z.B. von Ludwig Wittgenstein, Maurice Merleau-Ponty und George Herbert Mead hin, die innerhalb der Ethnomethodologie und der Konversationsanalyse unterschiedlich stark einbezogen wurden. Von dort ausgehend unterstreicht er die Dimension des Körpers als maßgebliche Interaktionsressource und diskutiert die theoretischen sowie methodologischen Implikationen eines derartigen Fokus' auf embodied interaction. Er zeigt damit eindrücklich das Potenzial einer produktiven Öffnung ethnomethodologischer Konzepte.

This article focuses on the ethics of my own conduct during the course of recording interactions between women and the police to whom they were reporting abuse in a women's police station in Brazil. Using conversation analysis I explore how my own research practice changed over the course of the data collection phase. I began with a commitment to `objectivity' and abandoned that as I increasingly felt a debt to women who let me record their interactions, learnt progressively more about police work, and felt a moral responsibility as a feminist to intervene if I thought I could help women. I present one data extract from my first day in the police station and show how I try to disengage from a woman's attempts to elicit my involvement in her case. Then I show one data extract from my last day in the police station, in which I actively intervene in the situation, giving advice to a woman about what should be included in the police report. My research contributes to other work on the ethics of feminist research method in being based on fine-grained analysis of actually recorded (rather than remembered) interactions.