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Explains the strength of pro-capitalist views, welcomes the scope for public opinion, and salutes the emergence of working-class opposition to 'market Stalinism' favoured by technocratic reformers. Calls for practical alternatives as the Party faces probable defeat in a new round of Republican elections. (Abstract amended)

THE AUTHOR CONSIDERS THE PLACE OF MARXIST IDEOLOGY AND THE POSITION OF THE LIBERAL INTELLIGENTSIA IN GORBACHEV'S SOVIET UNION.

Recent studies suggest that parenthood may have negative consequences for the psychological well-being of adults. Adults with children at home report that they are less happy and less satisfied with their lives than other groups. They also appear to worry more and to experience higher levels of anxiety and depression. The overall difference between parents and nonparents appears to be small, although it has increased during the past two decades. Differences between parents and nonparents stem from economic and time constraints, which in turn arise from general social trends such as the increase in women's labor force participation and the increase in marital disruption and single parenthood. We expect these trends to continue in the near future, reducing the desire for children and increasing gender conflict over the division of parental obligations. Parental strain might be alleviated by some form of state-supported childcare or child allowance.