Suchergebnisse

Die Ideologie des Neoliberalismus hat nicht nur die globale Wirtschaft fast vollständig assimiliert, sie hat auch Einzug in viele weitere Bereiche des menschlichen Lebens, die da wären u.a. Kultur, Gesundheits- und Bildungswesen sowie Politik, gefunden. Das menschliche Denken wird durch diese Ideologie geprägt und sie verleitet den Menschen zu Gier, kurzfristiges Planen, Abkehr von moralischen Prinzipien, übertriebene Konkurrenz usw. Neben den durchaus vorhandenen positiven Aspekten dieser Wirtschaftsform (Wohlstand, Freiheit, Effizienzsteigerung etc.), finden sich auch verhängnisvolle Entwicklungen, welche in dieser Arbeit erläutert werden. Folgende Themengebiete lassen sich in der Arbeit finden: 1) Was ist Kapitalismus? 2) Welche Einflüsse hat Ökonomie und was sollte sie eigentliche verkörpern? 3) Die Entwicklung des Geldsystems, 4) Entstehung von Geld, 5) Verhängnisvolle Entwicklungen des Geldsystems (Gelderschaffung ?aus dem Nichts?, Inflation, Geld hat keinen Gegenwert [wie z.B. Gold] mehr), 6) Das Bankensystem inklusive der Probleme der Finanzlandschaft (Kreditausweitung, Zins- und Zinseszins), 7) Ursachen der Weltwirtschaftskrise, 8)Berichte aus der Bankenwelt, 9) Spekulation mit Lebensmittelpreisen, 10) Willkür der Ratingagenturen, 11) Erläuterung der Situation in Europa (Schulden, Arbeitslosigkeit, Währungsproblematik mit dem Euro), 12) Der ESM-Vertrag und sein totalitärer Beigeschmack, 13) Ethische Analyse mit Hilfe des Gerechtigkeitsbegriffes (Verteilungs-, Tauschgerechtigkeit, korrektive, politische und soziale Gerechtigkeit), 14) Entstehung einer Postdemokratie und Möglichkeiten eines Wandels (Corporate Social Responsibility, Zivilcourage bzw. Zivilgesellschaft). ; First of all the master thesis reflects about positive and negative aspects of neoliberalism. The author discusses following topics: 1) What?s capitalism? 2) How does the economy influence our way of life and how is economy meant to be? 3) Evolution of the moneysystem, 4) Negative aspects of the moneysystem, 5) Bankingsystem and its problems, 6) Cause of the economic crisis, 7) Immoral speculations, 8) Arbitrariness of rating agencies, 9) Situation of europe and its crisis, 10) ESM, 11) Ethical analyses about the concept of ?justice?, 12) Emergence of ?postdemocracy?, 13) Eventual solutions such as corporate social responsibility, civil and moral courage. ; von Christian Blasge ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Graz, Univ., Masterarb., 2013 ; (VLID)226521

El presente documento ofrece un panorama sobre algunos antecedentes, estructura, desarrollo y limitaciones de la formación inicial y continuada de profesores de Matemáticas en Colombia. De manera particular, se mencionan algunos aspectos sobre cómo la formación de los profesores de Matemáticas ha sufrido ciertas transformaciones producto de las dinámicas políticas, sociales y, en algunos casos, académicas; así mismo se describen las actuales líneas de formación tanto a nivel inicial como posgraduada. Finalmente se mencionan algunas organizaciones y redes en Educación Matemática y se relata cómo ellas se articulan a algunos espacios para la formación de maestros en el área de matemáticas; de igual manera, se proponen para la discusión algunas consideraciones sobre la necesidad de futuros desarrollos en formación de profesores de Matemáticas que redunden en trabajos más colectivos y que apunten a un sistema nacional de formación de profesores de Matemáticas. ; This document offers an overview of certain aspects about the structure, development, precedent and limitations of the initial and continued training of mathematics teachers in Colombia. In particular, we mention some aspects about the transformations that the training of mathematics teachers has suffered as a product of political, social and academic policies. Additionally we describe the current training guidelines at the pre- and post-graduate level. Finally we comment on how some of the networks and organizations in mathematical education articulate with instances related to the training of teachers in the field of mathematics. Similarly, we discuss about the need for future developments in the training of mathematics teachers which should result in collective efforts aimed towards the creation of a national training system of mathematics teachers.

Resumen: En el presente estudio consideramos los diversos aspectos de la crisis que vivió el reino de Navarra en 1234, a la muerte del rey Sancho VII, sin herederos directos legítimos. Centramos el análisis en los siguientes aspectos: 1) la decisión real de un acuerdo de prohijamiento mutuo con el rey de Aragón y la voluntad de los señores del reino de hacer prevalecer la sucesión legítima en defensa de la integridad y soberanía del reino; 2) la valoración del desarrollo experimentado en el condado de Champaña y su presencia en el reino de Francia; 3) la entronización de Teobaldo I en el reino de Navarra y el estudio de los aspectos significativos de su acción de gobierno desarrollada en los campos: legislativo, administrativo y social. ; Abstract: This study deals with the different aspects of the crisis undergone by the Navarra kingdom in 1234 on the death of king Sancho VII who did not have direct legitimate heirs. The analysis has been centered on the following topics: 1) the royal decisión of an agreement of mutual adoption with the king of Aragon and the willingness of the lords of the kingdom to have the legitimate successión prevail in defense of the integrity and sovereignty of the realm; 2) the appraisal of the development carried out in the county of Champaña and its presence in the French kingdom; 3) the enthronement of Teobaldo I in the kingdom of Navarra and the study of the significant aspects of his governmental action in the following fields: legislative, administrative and social.

The Romanian economy is passing an economic recession period induced both by the persistence of the global financial crisis and the alarming evolution of the budget deficit and the consequences of the austerity measures upon the economic environment. In the actual conditions, Romania's external creditors ascertain and impose certain limits for the budget expenses, necessary for a financially stable economy. The imposed limitation or self-limitation of the expenses for a 6 months sacrifice period, that could reach one year or longer, does not guarantee the economic re-bounce when the measurements for the strategic attenuation of the crisis, for the creation of a sustainable and competitive economy, are inexistent. Certain long term strategic aspects to which the external creditors, especially the IMF do not pay enough attention, but that can assure the sustainability and competitiveness belong to the internal component of the business environment and climate, to the ways to fight corruption, bureaucracy, tax evasion or they assure legislative predictability in order to support a transparent and competitive environment and the development of a new managerial culture. Others belong to the manner in which we will manage to assure national solidarity through justice, social or medical assistance or the influence of the politic aspect on the economy, on the administration in the other spheres of the social and economic life. These depend mostly on how the political sphere will manage to reform itself. Others belong to the educational reformation and the growth of the educational services suppliers' capacity or to the research to sustain the companies' competitiveness.

ABSTRACTDuring the last few decades, globalization of finance markets has come under increasing pressure to manage the many risks that companies face due to the negative impact that certain financial crises have had on securities quoted on the stock exchange. Simultaneously, there is a growing tendency among different institutional investors to take into account nonfinancial aspects—social, environmental, and ethical values—of company management. In this respect, increasing numbers of asset managers are aware of the importance of nonfinancial aspects of company management for finance markets. Asset managers integrate corporate social responsibility, sustainability policies and corporate governance strategies as indicators in risk management and the search for long‐term investments. The largest segment of socially responsible investment (SRI) screened and mutual funds are portfolios that are privately managed on behalf of institutions. Socially responsible investors include private and public pension funds, mutual funds, and private accounts that are managed on behalf of institutional investors such as corporations, universities, hospitals, religious institutions, and nonprofit organizations, among others. The aim of this paper is to analyze the development of SRI‐screened management corporate pension plans in the Spanish finance market. Spain is one of the European countries with a less developed SRI institutional market. Since SRI is still at the fledgling stage in the Spanish institutional market, this analysis is restricted to the awareness of SRI among a sample of the total number of corporate pension funds or schemes in Spain. The paper concludes with some proposals to encourage wider SRI acceptance and practice in Spain.

The article analyses application of new Lithuanian regional policy to future Lithuanian regions according to official documents, regional statistical data calculations and analysis. The scientific research problem of the article deals with the following problematic questions: 1) what are the aspects of application of new Lithuanian regional policy for future Lithuanian regions?; 2) What are the groups of regional development indicators, economic and social groups, which could be used to forecast perspectives of Lithuanian regional policy and to ground future regional policy of the Republic of Lithuania? The aim of the research is by using scientific methods to investigate situation of future regions in the Republic of Lithuania and to ground possibilities of regional development dealing with social and economic development, to adapt innovative experience of the European Union and other countries. Scientific literature analysis, documents' content analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis of research data, calculations of percentage changes have been used in the article. There have been discussed the aspects of the EU regional policy dealing with innovations, use of structural funds and focus on principles of sustainable development. Two charts illustrating complex process of the EU regional policy related to national regional policy in the Republic of Lithuania have been given. Activities of Regional Committee have been discussed and related to activities of Šiauliai county representatives. The situation of the Lithuanian regional policy from 1994 to 2009 has been analyzed. The new reform of counties' dissolution and creation of new Lithuanian regions has been discussed according to the decrees of the Government of Lithuania, laws of Lithuania, and ideas of Lithuanian politicians. [.]

The article analyses application of new Lithuanian regional policy to future Lithuanian regions according to official documents, regional statistical data calculations and analysis. The scientific research problem of the article deals with the following problematic questions: 1) what are the aspects of application of new Lithuanian regional policy for future Lithuanian regions?; 2) What are the groups of regional development indicators, economic and social groups, which could be used to forecast perspectives of Lithuanian regional policy and to ground future regional policy of the Republic of Lithuania? The aim of the research is by using scientific methods to investigate situation of future regions in the Republic of Lithuania and to ground possibilities of regional development dealing with social and economic development, to adapt innovative experience of the European Union and other countries. Scientific literature analysis, documents' content analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis of research data, calculations of percentage changes have been used in the article. There have been discussed the aspects of the EU regional policy dealing with innovations, use of structural funds and focus on principles of sustainable development. Two charts illustrating complex process of the EU regional policy related to national regional policy in the Republic of Lithuania have been given. Activities of Regional Committee have been discussed and related to activities of Šiauliai county representatives. The situation of the Lithuanian regional policy from 1994 to 2009 has been analyzed. The new reform of counties' dissolution and creation of new Lithuanian regions has been discussed according to the decrees of the Government of Lithuania, laws of Lithuania, and ideas of Lithuanian politicians. [.]

This paper deals with the analysis of the utilitarian model of the explanation of popular support for Croatian entry into the European Union. The utilitarian model for explicating support or lack of support for accession to the EU has been analysed through subjective principled expectations of benefits and harms of entry into the Union at a personal and at a national level, and through concrete expectations at the level of twenty-two aspects of social and economic life. The research results show that on the basis of principled expectations it is possible precisely to predict support for entry into the EU, but that the principled expectations are not to any very great extent founded on concrete expectations in the observed aspects of social and economic life, and that they are to a certain degree linked with political viewpoints. On the other hand, concrete expectations are relatively weakly correlated with support for Croatian entry into the EU. Such a result suggests the conclusion that on the basis of a utilitarian explanation of support it is possible only relatively poorly to predict viewpoints concerning joining the EU, and that principled expectations of benefits and harms are in good part an expression of general impressions about the EU, trust in the political elite and political views of Croatian citizens, and to a lesser extent realistic rational calculations of harms and benefits. The paper is based on empirical survey of the views and spectations performed on a probabilistic national sample of a thousand citizens older than 15.

«La nieve arder» analyses the zarzuela Acis y Galatea, with music by José de Literes on a libretto by Antonio de Cañizares, in the context of the Petrarchan-inherited aesthetics. It focuses on the rhetorical aspects expressed both in text and music, strongly influenced by the Aristotelian tradition, and re-interpreted in several textual and musical treatises: Robortello, Herrera, Lope de Vega and, within a musical context, those by Zarlino, Caccini, Galilei, Kircher, Bermudo and Nasarre, amongst others. This article also takes into account the historical aspects relevant for the first performances of Literes and Cañizares' zarzuela, as well as the social and political circumstances which influenced the introduction of the Italian dramma per música in 17th century Spain. ; «La nieve arder» analiza la zarzuela Acis y Galatea, con música de José de Literes sobre un libreto de Antonio de Cañizares, en el contexto de la estética barroca de tradición petrarquista. El análisis parte de una descripción de los aspectos retórico-afectivos expresados tanto en el texto como en la música, pertenecientes en su mayoría a la tradición aristotélica reinterpretada en los días del humanismo renacentista en numerosos tratados de retórica y poética (Robortello, Herrera, López Pinciano, Lope de Vega) y de música (Zarlino, Kircher, Galilei, Caccini o, en España, Bermudo y Nasarre). El artículo toma en cuenta aspectos históricos que resultaron relevantes para las primeras interpretaciones de la obra, además de las circunstancias sociales y políticas que influyeron en la introducción del dramma per música de procedencia italiana en la España del siglo XVII.

AbstractIn this paper we present a solution to the problem of pricing guarantees of minimum returns on pension fund contributions. These guarantees exist by law in a number of countries and their use is increasing as a result of a worldwide trend toward privatizing social security and pension fund management. The solutions are based on a discrete martingale approach. We show that the common type of guarantee on contributions to pension funds is equivalent to an option to exchange. Using a discrete martingale framework and a binomial solution, we develop all aspects of this model necessary for its practical application in the context of the pension fund guarantees. Binomial formulas are obtained for two forms of guarantees, one without and one with a ceiling.RésuméCet article présente une solution au problème d'évaluation de la garantie d'un rendement minimum qui fait partie des conditions de certains régimes de rentes. De telles garanties sont légalement obligatoires dans certains pays, mais leur utilisation va en augmentant suite à la tendance mondiale vers la privatisation de la ges‐tion des caisses de retraite et des caisses de sécurité sociale. L'article utilise une technique de martingale en temps discret pour montrer que le type de garantie le plus répandu équivaut à une "option d'échange". De plus, en adoptant une solution binomiale dans le cadre de la martingale en temps discret on développe tous les aspects du modèle d'évaluation de la garantie néces‐saires pour sa mise en application auprès des régimes de rente. Les formules binomiales obtenues s'appliquent à des garanties avec ou sans plafond.

This study examines the ways in which the moral community is "talked into being" in relation to crime, and the objects of concern that typically occupy its attention. It maps the imagined moral universe of the virtuous and the criminal and charts the relations between these two groups in the "history of the present." It examines the calls to action which symbolically endow the moral community with power. And it looks at the character and content of collective moralizing. The source materials are commentaries about crime and criminal justice appearing in selected newspapers across the Americas. The moral "talk" found there is stylized, routine, trivial and occasionally dramatic. It looks nothing like the weightier renderings of morality that derive from the reconstruction of a particular "ethic" or from the systematic probing of values and moral reasoning. And its fuzzy, offhand, unexceptional and frequently unsystematic nature makes it a difficult candidate for explaining either stability or change in crime policies. But moral talk has intrinsic importance as the creator and sustainer of an imagined moral community, a community that symbolizes the existence and vigor of morality itself and confers a crucially important identity on its self-proclaimed members. And moral talk reveals inherent intersections between normative, empirical and technical discourses, highlighting the relationships between morality, science and social engineering. Thus, a prosaic, instrumental, model of morality is particularly strong in North America, but only found in a more abstract form in Latin America, where it sits alongside a stirring vision of morality, more directly anchored in virtue. Research on social problems, moral panics and the sociology of morality has largely overlooked the type of moral discourse studied here. While emphasizing the culturally contingent nature of the findings, the conclusion reflects on their significance for understanding the nature of moralizing, the artifacts of talk and the construction of identity. Publisher's note

PURPOSE: The main purpose of this article is to assess the level and diversity of investment activity of large cities – regional centres – in Poland in the 2007-2018 period. ; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The empirical research was based on Statistics Poland and the Ministry of Finance data and processed using the essential methods of descriptive statistics and taxonomy. In the first stage of research, the level of investment activity of all voivodship cities was assessed against other local government entities based on an analysis of the values of investment expenditures implemented. The second stage involved an assessment of the level and diversity of investment activity in voivodship cities. Due to the multidimensional nature of the phenomenon – investment activity of local government entities, which can be described with a number of simple features – a synthetic assessment of its level in voivodship cities was conducted with the use of the TOPSIS method. ; FINDINGS: The highest level of investment activity was found in Białystok, Gdańsk, Rzeszów, Warsaw and Olsztyn. Therefore, as many as two cities from Eastern Poland, namely Białystok and Rzeszów, ranked among the leading voivodship cities with very high or high investment activity. Thus, the empirical research made it possible to partially confirm the research hypothesis posed, assuming that 'As a result of the lower level of development and existing deficiencies in social and technical infrastructure, the highest level of investment activity may be associated with large cities located in Eastern Poland in relation to other regional centres. ; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The largest cities should be highly active in investment – regional centres seeking to retain and strengthen their metropolitan position not only on the regional but also European level because their sustainable social and economic growth is impossible without local investment. The research results may be useful for the purposes of creating the investment policy of large cities. ...

The discussion of this research is the development of creative cities in a country is the result of the efforts of the government and creative actors in the city in the country. Creative city can not be separated from the potential of social capital that is owned by the people in the city. Social capital is a social organization concept that includes network of norms and social trusts that facilitate mutual coordination and cooperation including in developing the regional economy. This research aims to (1) know the contribution of social capital in making a creative city, (2) express the social capital and creativity of individuals and communities to realize creative city, and (3) know aspects of social capital that dominant influence on a creativity of the city. The method of this research is qualitative primary data with technic observation and indepth interview, also secondary data in the form of document and archive analysis from Bandung city as one of creative city in Indonesia. Research is done during 2015-2016. Conclusions this research are (1)Social capital that form trust, tolerance, cooperation, openness, and independence of the community greatly contributes in the creation of creative city because through the braided integration of social capital that forms a norm of behavior binding for its citizens to be creative and does not require material capital,(2)Individual urban creativity formed through the process of socialization of elements of social capital in the life of society to trigger creativity of individuals and society as a whole, and (3) The form of openness, tolerance, and cooperation are the dominant elements of social capital in growing the creativity of individuals and societyKeywords: Creatif city, Social capital

En este artículo analizamos los resultados de una encuesta sobre sexualidades y tecnologías digitales, realizada durante los primeros meses del aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio (ASPO). En ese contexto se evidenciaron múltiples discursos que propiciaban el uso de tecnologías digitales para vehiculizar las prácticas sexuales como modo de evitar la propagación del COVID-19. Asimismo, se evidenció que dichas tecnologías no representan una novedad, aunque sí habrían reflotado clásicos "peligros" asociados a la sexualidad, entrelazados con los preceptos contemporáneos de responsabilidad sexual y afectiva. Estos y otros aspectos permiten la detección de cambios y continuidades con el régimen sexual moderno. ; In this article we analyze the results of a survey on sexualities and digital technologies, carried out during the first months of social, preventive and compulsory isolation. In this context, multiple discourses were evidenced that favored the use of digital technologies to convey sexual practices as a way to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Likewise, it was evidenced that these technologies do not represent a novelty, although they would have raised classic "dangers" associated with sexuality, intertwined with contemporary precepts of sexual and affective responsibility. These and other aspects allow the detection of changes and continuities with the modern sexual regime. ; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

In this article the author discusses why nationalist parties in Spain gain popular support. She examines why people vote for a nationalist, rather than a national, party. With a multivaried approach, she tests hypotheses derived from four different theoretical approaches that offer complementary explanations. Her results show that, according to social identity theory, people with higher levels of regional identification are more likely to vote for a nationalist party. Higher educational levels are also a factor in a voter's supporting a nationalist party, according to the modernization approach. The fact that a person's position in the Left-Right political spectrum was a statistically significant variable seems to prove that regional sympathies or ethnic identity are not the only factors that influence a nationalist vote. There are other (economic, political) aspects that also play an important role. Nationalist parties in Spain are ideological, not only protest parties. Contrary to what has been established in traditional literature regarding social divisions, in this model, sociodemographic variables do not explain an individual's preference for nationalist parties. Finally, the author's findings show that people that are more interested in politics are more likely to vote for a nationalist party than for a national one; this might reflect their commitment to local issues in their region. 4 Tables, 2 Appendixes, 40 References. Adapted from the source document.