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Introduction: Friedl, J. and Chrisman, N. J. Continuity and adaptation as themes in urban anthropology.--The city as a unit of analysis: Wirth, L. Urbanism as a way of life. Fox. R. G. Rationale and romances in urban anthropology. Price, J. A. Reno, Nevada; the city as a unit of study.--Urban analysis; scope and method: Valentine, C. A. and Valentine, B. L. Making the scene, digging the action, and telling it like it is. Spradley, J. P. Adaptive strategies of urban nomads. Bott, E. Urban families.--Categories of urban dwellers: Gans, H. Urbanism and suburbanism as ways of life. Berreman, G. D. Social categories and social interaction in urban India. Bascom, W. The urban African and his world.--Specialized Communities: Epstein, D. G. The genesis and function of squatter settlements in Brasília. Crissman, L. W. The segmentary structure of urban overseas Chinese communities. Cohen, A. The politics of ritual secrecy. Marris, P. Slum clearance and family life in Lagos.--Urban adjustment: Lewis O. Urbanization without breakdown. Jacobson, D. Mobility, continuity, and urban social organization. Mitchell, J. C. The meaning in misfortune for urban Africans.--The culture of poverty: Lewis, O. The culture of poverty. Glazer, N. The culture of poverty; the view from New York City. Spicer, E. H. Patrons of the poor

The myth of suburbia, by B. M. Berger.--The process of suburban development, by S. D. Clark.--Urbanism and suburbanism as ways of life: a re-evaluation of definitions, by H. J. Gans.--The big change in suburbia, by F. L. Allen.--The suburban boom, by B. J. Wattenberg with R. M. Scammon.--Suburban persistence, by R. Farley.--The social and economic characteristics of American suburbs, by L. F. Schnore.--The home in Crestwood Heights, by J. R. Seeley, R. A. Sim, and E. W. Loosley.--An anatomy of suburbia, by H. J. Gans.--The natural history of a reluctant suburb, by W. M. Dobriner.--Jewish-gentile relations in Lakeville, by B. B. Ringer.--The other Mayor Lee, by J. Kramer.--Mobile homes: instant suburbia or transportable slums? By R. M. French and J. K. Hadden.--The political sociology of American suburbia: a reinterpretation, by F. M. Wirt.--Political perspectives of suburban party leaders, by D. S. Ippolito.--Political participation in an upper-middle-class suburb, by J. Zikmund II and R. Smith.--The metropolitan government approach: should, can, and will it prevail? By D. R. Grant.--Suburban action: advocate planning for an open society, by P. and L. Davidoff and N. N. Gold.--The case for crowding, by W. H. Whyte.--References (p. [323]-330)

This article examines the application of ideas around the 'de-territorialisation' of cities in the global South to new desert cities surrounding Cairo, Egypt. It also responds to the call for 'engaged theory-making' by working with a local community development organisation on a case study of Sixth of October City (SOC), a new city in Cairo's desert hinterland. Drawing on interview data, the article argues that a certain form of Western-inspired suburbanism has come to characterise Egyptian cities, stemming from the need to recirculate capital outside the existing cities. I propose three ways in which these desert suburbs are being de-territorialised. First, I argue that governance in the new cities is more focused on territorial transformation than on management of populations, and that this has resulted in what I describe as planned informality. Second, I show that housing in the new cities has become so financialised that even social (purportedly subsidised) housing has been integrated into circuits of capital. Finally, I demonstrate that there is a persistent form of inequality in basic services and infrastructure, and that the way the state governs the system of service provision has made it impossible for residents to develop alternative modes of access, resulting in an end to people's ability to act as infrastructure.

AbstractRecent years have seen a rising interest in peri‐urban spaces, urban frontiers and new suburbanisms, including in African contexts. However, given the scale of urban growth and the extreme diversity of formations emerging on the geographical edges of African city‐regions, a deeper understanding is needed of the drivers of peripheral urbanisms and the lived experiences of urban change in these spaces. Based on a comparative research project in South Africa and Ethiopia, this article draws out the epistemologies of researching African urban peripheries and presents a new conceptual framework. It offers a language for interpreting processes of peripheral development and change, highlighting five distinct but overlapping logics which we term speculative, vanguard, auto‐constructed, transitioning and inherited. Rather than describing bounded peripheral spaces, we argue that these logics can co‐exist, hybridize and bleed into each other in different ways in specific places and at different temporal junctures. Centring our methodological practices of comparative analysis, and privileging the voices of those living in urban peripheries, the article employs critical readings of urban scholarship before exploring how these five logics illuminate the complex processes of urban peripheral evolution and transformation. Formulating these logics helps to fill a lacuna in urban conceptualization with potential relevance beyond African contexts.

This commentary addresses the evolution of the North American suburb over the last 70 years, a period over which it adopted a development pattern marking a radical break from prior forms of urban settlement. Early in this period, the emerging suburban form constituted perhaps the sharpest transition in the history of urbanism in terms of urban form and transportation. This suburban form rapidly came to dominate North American metropolitan regions and spread to other parts of the world. In this commentary, I propose a brief history of the North American suburb since the late 1940s seen through the lens of the contributions it made to the evolution of urbanism across the continent. I contend that while suburbs are often associated with urban stasis, because perceived as an impediment to the emergence of new environmentally sensitive and socially and functionally integrated urban formulas relying on public transit and walking, they have played a major transformative role in the past and may be the source of further urban transitions in the future. North American suburbs have also undergone deep social changes over the last decades. However, I question the claim, made by some researchers, that we are entering a post-suburban era; but at the same time, I acknowledge the possibility of major future innovations within present suburban configurations.

The central purpose is to assess the impact of the SS, political ideology, & role perceptions of suburban educational elites on their public spending choices. The general proposition is tested that deference to the school superintendent's role as technical expert will lead to liberal behavior on fiscal issues independently of R's' SS or conventional-political ideology. Data were collected in 1968 in 6 contiguous UMc through LMc suburban school districts in Western Mass, from 51 active policy makers. R's included superintendents, school board members, town finance committee members, members of citizen advisory panels, & episodic participants. The political behavior of R's was reconstructed & coded from information obtained through open-ended interviews. Each R was also administered 3 structured questionnaires: the Kimbrough & Hines Florida Scale of Civic Beliefs; The Gross, Mason, & McEachern Role Cognition instruments; & a modification of the Warner Index of Status Characteristics. Specific public spending issues concerning school building programs, teachers' salaries, & the operating budgetary process in the districts were used to test the hypotheses by simple r & cross-tabular analysis relating background & attitudinal data to behavioral data. The quantitative analysis provides little support for hypotheses which identify conventional ideological measures as key determinants of elite political behavior. The social background-political behavior linkage is even weaker than the ideology-behavior linkage. In contrast, liberal fiscal choices are strongly related both to policy makers' role proximity to the school bureaucracy & to their deference to the expertise of the district superintendent. 8 Tables. Modified AA.

AbstractUrban and suburban politics are increasingly intertwined in regions that aspire to be global. Powerful actors in the Chicago and Toronto regions have mobilized regional space to brand rescaled images of the urban experience, but questions remain as to who constructs and who can access the benefits of these revised spatial identities. Local political interests have tended to be obfuscated in the regional milieu, most problematically in the spaces between the gentrified inner cities, privileged growth nodes, and the glamorized suburban subdivisions and exurban spaces beyond the city limits. This article analyses how socio‐spatial changes in post‐suburbanizing urban fringes contribute to the way regions are being reconfigured and reimagined. Guided by current debates at the intersection of assemblage theory and critical urban political economy, our analysis demonstrates how socio‐technical infrastructures, policy mobilities and political economic relations are spatially aligned, sustained and dissolved in splintering North American agglomerations. Particular attention is paid to issues of urban transportation and connectivity in uncovering multifaceted modes of suburbanism that now underlie the monistic imagery of the globalized region. Emergent regionalized topologies and territoriality blur conventional understandings of city–suburban dichotomies in extended urban areas that are now characterized by polycentric post‐suburban constellations. In terms of their substance and functionality, 'real existing' regions are currently re‐territorialized as complex assemblages that are embedded in a neoliberalizing political economy whose politics and identities are only beginning to be revealed.

International audience ; In the French presidential elections of 2012, Marine Le Pen has reached 23,5% of votes in Languedoc-Roussillon region, nearly 6 points higher than her national average, however regarded as a success for the National Front. The evolution of FN discourse underlines the hypothesis of a renewal of the party, which now claims to be the expression of "the people invited at elites' banquet". Geographical approaches insist, in turn, on this vote as the expression of the "suburban malaise". In this paper, we first discuss this approach by addressing the electoral geography of the National Front in one of its main territories of influence. Then we discuss the idea that this electoral behavior would have become the dominant expression of dominated people. The first part focuses on areas of strength of the FN vote and what they tell us about its regional dynamics. The second part concerns the characteristics of the vote in the most popular areas of the region. Instead of beeing their electoral bastions, popular and dominated neighbourhoods are, more than others, résistant to the FN political stream. ; A l'occasion des élections présidentielles de 2012, la candidature de Marine Le Pen a dépassé de près de 6 points, en Languedoc-Roussillon, une moyenne nationale que beaucoup ont analysée comme un succès pour le Front National. L'évolution de son discours fait la part belle à l'hypothèse d'un renouvellement du parti, qui se revendique d'être désormais l'expression d'un « peuple qui s'invite à la table des élites ». Les approches géographiques insistent, quant à elles, sur un vote qui serait la traduction inéluctable d'un malaise périurbain. Dans ce papier, nous discutons ce premier schéma en nous penchant sur les géographies électorales du Front National. Puis nous discutons l'idée que ce même vote serait l'expression désormais dominante des dominés. La première partie analyse les zones de force du vote FN et ce qu'elles nous disent de ses dynamiques régionales. La seconde partie concerne les caractéristiques du vote dans les zones les plus populaires de la région.

International audience ; In the French presidential elections of 2012, Marine Le Pen has reached 23,5% of votes in Languedoc-Roussillon region, nearly 6 points higher than her national average, however regarded as a success for the National Front. The evolution of FN discourse underlines the hypothesis of a renewal of the party, which now claims to be the expression of "the people invited at elites' banquet". Geographical approaches insist, in turn, on this vote as the expression of the "suburban malaise". In this paper, we first discuss this approach by addressing the electoral geography of the National Front in one of its main territories of influence. Then we discuss the idea that this electoral behavior would have become the dominant expression of dominated people. The first part focuses on areas of strength of the FN vote and what they tell us about its regional dynamics. The second part concerns the characteristics of the vote in the most popular areas of the region. Instead of beeing their electoral bastions, popular and dominated neighbourhoods are, more than others, résistant to the FN political stream. ; A l'occasion des élections présidentielles de 2012, la candidature de Marine Le Pen a dépassé de près de 6 points, en Languedoc-Roussillon, une moyenne nationale que beaucoup ont analysée comme un succès pour le Front National. L'évolution de son discours fait la part belle à l'hypothèse d'un renouvellement du parti, qui se revendique d'être désormais l'expression d'un « peuple qui s'invite à la table des élites ». Les approches géographiques insistent, quant à elles, sur un vote qui serait la traduction inéluctable d'un malaise périurbain. Dans ce papier, nous discutons ce premier schéma en nous penchant sur les géographies électorales du Front National. Puis nous discutons l'idée que ce même vote serait l'expression désormais dominante des dominés. La première partie analyse les zones de force du vote FN et ce qu'elles nous disent de ses dynamiques régionales. La seconde ...

Suburban definitions and descriptions. Defining suburbs / Ann Forsyth -- Suburban stereotypes / Richard Harris -- In what sense a post-suburban era? / Nicholas A. Phelps -- Global perspectives on the suburbs. Toward a comparative global suburbanism / Pierre Hamel and Roger Keil -- Suburbanization in Latin America / Lawrence A. Herzog -- Suburbanization in Australia / Robert Freestone, Bill Randolph, and Simon Pinnegar -- Suburbanization in Europe : a focus on Dublin / Ruth McManus -- Suburbanization in Asia : a focus on India / Annapurna Shaw -- Suburbanization in Asia : a focus on Jakarta / Deden Rukmana, Fikri Zul Fahmi, and Tommy Firman -- Suburbanization in Asia : a focus on Seoul / Chang Gyu Choi and Sugie Lee -- Diversity, exclusion, and poverty in the suburbs. Queer suburbs : (sub)urban spaces and sexualities in the Global North / Andrew Gorman-Murray and Catherine J. Nash -- Inequality and poverty in the suburbs : the case of metropolitan Cairo / Erina Iwasaki -- Social exclusion and multiethnic suburbs in Sweden / Magnus Dahlstedt and David Ekholm -- Uneven development and the making of Rio de Janeiro / Anjuli N. Fahlberg -- Dividing the metropolis : the political history of suburban incorporation in the United States / Jon C. Teaford -- Immigrants in U.S. suburbs / Kyle Walker -- Poverty in U.S. suburbs / Katrin B. Anacker -- From Sanford to Ferguson : race, poverty, and protest in the American suburb / Willow Lung-Amam and Alex Schafran -- Stigma and the U.S. suburb / Whitney Airgood-Obrycki and Cody R. Price -- Planning, public policy, and reshaping the suburbs. Metropolitan governance in Paris / Theresa Enright -- The French banlieue : renovating the suburbs / Juliet Carpenter -- Shrinking suburbs in a time of crisis / Justin B. Hollander, Colin Polsky, Dan Zinder, and Dan Runfola -- Redesigning the suburbs : new town and master-planned suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s / Lisa Benton-Short -- Keeping up with the Joneses : residential reinvestment and mansionization in American inner-ring suburbs / Suzanne Lanyi Charles -- Planning and the cultural landscapes of suburban Turkey / Bahar Durmaz-Drinkwater, Jaap Vos, and Asli Ceylan Öner -- Cultural production in the suburban context / Alison L. Bain -- Conclusion and future prospects. The end of the suburbs / John Rennie Short -- Conclusion and future research on global suburbs / Bernadette Hanlon and Thomas J. Vicino.

Today's urban design of new quarters in the fringes of German metropolises shows a renaissance of the garage building as a cluster for car parking. In contrast to the past, parking garages are planned as multifunctional "mobility hubs." Planners enrich them with new mobility and sharing options and incorporate sports or social infrastructure facilities on the roof and the ground floor, thus contributing to vibrant neighborhoods. In contrast to the internationally renowned example of Nordhavn (Copenhagen), we observe a decentralization in the mainstreaming of the approach: Mobility hubs are to become constitutive parts of small subcenters. In this respect, they can be seen as a common leitmotiv for urban design in Germany's metropolises. The hubs form a new model of local mobility, guaranteeing a certain flow of pedestrians and freeing the adjacent streets of car traffic. Integrated into a system of alternative modes of transportation and nearby mass transit, those infrastructural and mobility clusters might contribute to a change in mobility habits and ultimately reduce car dependence. If their underlying mobility policies can be implemented and if they are ultimately more successful than traditional parking garages or even create an incentive not to use private cars at all remains open to further investigation. For this purpose, the article will trace the emergence of mobility hubs in the discourse and practice of urban design with a particular focus on major new developments at the periphery of German cities. It analyzes urban design competitions and the formal planning and implementation following them.

This book chapter is in closed access. ; It goes without saying that urban research has become increasingly global in its outlook. Irrespective of whether you are an urban geographer, urban sociologist, urban political scientist, urban historian, urban economist, favouring a qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods approach, the challenge that confronts researchers as they attempt to participate in and engage with our increasingly 'globalized' urban studies remains fundamentally the same – how to make sense of urban complexity. One quick and easy observation is that the quest to understand our globalizing and urbanizing modern world has seen urban scholars leave no stone unturned in the pursuit of new theory production. From Ananya Roy's (2009) call for new geographies of urban theory to understand the 21st century metropolis through to the emergence of a new critical urban theory (Brenner, 2009; Marcuse, 2009) and a more internationalized urban theory (Robinson, 2011a; Parnell and Oldfield, 2014) it is impossible to ignore how urban studies has been experiencing its own globalizing tendencies of late. One reflection of this is how the prefix 'global' has been attached to all manner of different urban ideas, concepts and processes. We can reflect how in the 1990s cities research, which traditionally focused on cities as part of national urban systems, gave way to a new wave of 'global cities' research examining how cities are connected into international circuits of capital accumulation and political decision-making in globalization (Sassen, 1991; Taylor and Derudder, Chapter 3; Neal, Chapter 4; Acuto, Chapter 7). We can see how in the 2000s erstwhile spatial concepts such as the 'city-region' became reimagined and rejuvenated as 'global city-regions' (Scott, 2001), while classic urban processes such as gentrification and suburbanization were recast as global urban processes through the lenses of 'global gentrifications' (Smith, 2002; Lees et al., 2015) and 'global suburbanisms' (Keil, Chapter 12). The transition from 'cities' through 'globalizing cities' to 'globalized urbanization' is today being extended as urbanization is increasingly reframed as a planetary process through notions of 'planetary urbanization' (Brenner, 2014; Katsikis, Chapter 2) and 'planetary gentrification' (Lees et al., 2016; Shin, Chapter 10). But what, we ask, can be said about the current state of empirical research and the methodological approaches we possess for doing global urban research? And what does it actually mean to do global urban research?