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AbstractIt is well known how in his later years, Alfred Marshall became less enamored with equilibrium methods of reasoning in economics and advocated instead the study of [evolutionary] biology. Some have alleged that Marshall's change of heart is what led him to abandon the project of preparing the second volume of his Principles of Economics. In this paper I deny that it was Marshall's commitment to evolutionary biology that held back volume 2. Rather, it may have been his stubborn commitment to a particular variant of evolutionary biology (that is, Spencer's version of evolutionary biology) that blinded him to the way a more far reaching synthesis of Darwinian and equilibrium notions might have been accomplished. The application of the modern biological synthesis might have enriched some of Marshall's earlier equilibrium notions such as the "representative firm".Résumé.  Il est bien connu que, dans ses vieux jours, Alfred Marshall devint moins amouraché des méthodes de raisonnement de l'équilibre en économique et préconisait à la place 1'étude de la biologie (évolutionniste). Certains ont allégué que c'est ce changement de noyau qui a conduit Marshall à abandonner son projet de préparation d'un second volume de ses Principes. Cet article dénie que ce soit son engagement dans la biologie évolutionniste qui empêcha le volume 2. Il se pourrait bien plutôt que ce soit son engagement têtu dans une variante particulière de la biologie évolutionniste (c'est‐à‐dire, la version de Spencer) qui lui ait bouché la voie d'une synthèse de plus longue portée entre les notions de l'équilibre et de Darwin. L'application de la synthèse biologique moderne aurait pu enrichir certaines des notions de l'équilibre initial de Marshall telles que celle de "firme représentative".

Ein Ansatz, mit dem Politik und Verwaltung auf die Forderung nach mehr Kundenorientierung und höhere Servicequalität in der öffentlichen Verwaltung reagieren, ist der Versuch der Bündelung von Verwaltungsdienstleistungen nach sogenannten Lebenslagen. Dabei soll bei der gebündelten Bereitstellung von Informationen und öffentlichen Dienstleistungen konsequent auf die Bedürfnisse des Kunden und relevanter Zielgruppen abgestellt werden. Die Arbeit erarbeitet Anforderungen, ein konsistentes Konzept sowie dessen Ausgestaltung. Das erarbeitete Konzept wird am Beispiel der Zielgruppe Senioren angewandt.

The Philippines established the first National Institute of Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology in 1980. However, it was only in 2002 when Bt corn was first commercially introduced. Strong opposition by key sectors including the influential Roman Catholic Church contributed to this delay and will probably continue to affect the introduction of other GM crops in the future. With favorable adoption rates of Bt corn, opposition dissipated and local scientific initiatives have expanded to other crop (e.g., GM papaya, eggplant). The Philippine Rice Research Institute in collaboration with IRRI is currently engaged in the adaptation of Golden Rice (biofortified for Vitamin A) but it is not clear how the polity will react to this new technology when it is ready for adoption. It is a major food staple in contrast to Bt corn. The government's agenda also puts a high premium on food self-sufficiency, especially rice. ; Includes bibliographical references