Suchergebnisse

El presente documento, abreva la combinación de un análisis teórico-metodológico de la posmodernidad y el rol que desempeña el hombre del Siglo XXI, en una sociedad caracterizada por la virtualidad y el híper-individualismo, que obliga a replantear las pautas para hacer política y habitar bajo un contrato social en el que el otro sea tan importante como el sujeto que observa las transformaciones de la realidad en pandemia. Este ensayo científico consiste en analizar tres variables: 1) posmodernidad, 2) hombre digital y 3) pandemia, por medio de una revisión sistemática de literatura científica-política. Se analizaron planteamientos teóricos escritos por varios pensadores que poseen un común denominador al estudiar los retos de las sociedades del Siglo XXI, los territorios y los nuevos escenarios post-pandémicos. Los principales hallazgos confirman que existe una nueva realidad en la que la expectativa de tener prácticas solidarias dista de los rituales sociales, que se erigen en un individualismo exacerbado y con ello, un reblandecimiento del tejido social a causa de tender al otro como una potencial amenaza para la sobrevivencia de uno mismo. El mundo pos-democrático deberá obedecer al nuevo zoon politikon que, desde el autoaislamiento recurre a exigencias de ser tomado en cuenta para vivir en la ficción de una comunidad-mundo al interior de cuatro paredes, por tanto, estos elementos interconectados obligan a replantear las tesis sobre el presente y los procesos de pensamiento concomitante en relación con una tolerancia en el edificio de la sociedad humana. ; Cet article est la combinaison d'une analyse théorique-méthodologique de la postmodernité et du rôle joué par l'homme du XXIe siècle dans une société caractérisée par la virtualité et l'hyper-individualisme, ce qui nous oblige à repenser les lignes directrices pour faire de la politique et vivre sous un contrat social dans lequel l'autre est aussi important que le sujet qui observe les transformations de la réalité en pandémie. Cet essai scientifique consiste à analyser trois variables : 1) la postmodernité, 2) l'homme numérique et 3) la pandémie, au moyen d'une revue systématique de la littérature scientifico-politique. Les approches théoriques écrites par différents penseurs qui ont comme dénominateur commun l'étude des défis des sociétés du XXI° siècle, des territoires et des nouveaux scénarios post-pandémiques ont été analysées. Les principaux résultats confirment l'existence d'une nouvelle réalité dans laquelle l'attente de pratiques solidaires est éloignée des rituels sociaux, qui reposent sur un individualisme exacerbé et, avec lui, un ramollissement du tissu social dû à la tendance à considérer l'autre comme une menace potentielle pour sa propre survie. Le monde post-démocratique doit obéir au nouveau zoon politikon qui, à partir de l'auto-isolement, exige qu'on le prenne en compte pour vivre dans la fiction d'une communauté-monde, entre quatre murs. Ces éléments interconnectés obligent donc à repenser les thèses sur le présent et les processus de pensée concomitants par rapport à une tolérance dans la construction de la société humaine. ; Este artigo é uma combinação de uma análise teórico-metodológica da pós-modernidade e do papel desempenhado pelo homem do século XXI numa sociedade caracterizada pela virtualidade e pelo hiper-individualismo, o que nos obriga a repensar as orientações para fazer política e viver sob um contrato social em que o outro é tão importante como o sujeito que observa as transformações da realidade na pandemia. Este ensaio científico consiste na análise de três variáveis: 1) pós-modernidade, 2) homem digital e 3) pandemia, através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura científico-política. Foram analisadas abordagens teóricas escritas por vários pensadores que têm um denominador comum no estudo dos desafios das sociedades do século XXI, territórios e novos cenários pós-pandémicos. As principais conclusões confirmam que existe uma nova realidade em que a expectativa de práticas de solidariedade está longe dos rituais sociais, que se baseiam num individualismo exacerbado e, com ele, num amolecimento do tecido social devido à tendência de ver o outro como uma potencial ameaça à própria sobrevivência. O mundo pós-democrático deve obedecer à nova zoon politikon que, a partir do auto-isolamento, faz exigências a serem tidas em conta para viver na ficção de um mundo comunitário dentro de quatro paredes. Estes elementos interligados forçam, portanto, a repensar as teses sobre o presente e os processos de pensamento concomitantes em relação a uma tolerância na construção da sociedade humana. ; This paper is a combination of a theoretical-methodological analysis of postmodernity and the role played by the man of the XXI Century, in a society characterized by virtuality and hyper-individualism, which forces to rethink the guidelines to make politics and live under a social contract in which the other is as important as the subject who observes the transformations of reality in pandemic. This scientific essay consists of analyzing three variables: 1) postmodernity, 2) digital man and 3) pandemic, by means of a systematic review of scientific-political literature. Theoretical approaches written by several thinkers who have a common denominator in studying the challenges of 21st century societies, territories and new post-pandemic scenarios were analyzed. The main findings confirm that there is a new reality in which the expectation of solidarity practices is far from the social rituals, which are based on an exacerbated individualism and with it, a softening of the social fabric as a result of tending to the other as a potential threat to one's own survival. The post-democratic world must obey the new zoon politikon that, from self-isolation, resorts to demands to be taken into account in order to live in the fiction of a community-world within four walls, therefore, these interconnected elements force to rethink the thesis about the present and the concomitant thought processes in relation to a tolerance in the building of human society.

Ali Atar, alcaide de Loja y señor de Zagra, nació hacia el año 1393. Fue uno de los principales jefes militares del periodo nazarí y llegó a emparentar con la Casa Real Granadina al casar a su hija Moraima con el mismo Boabdil, último Rey de Granada. Falleció en la batalla de Lucena en 1483, donde se le arrebató una de las magníficas espadas jinetas de manufactura andalusí conservada y localizada en los fondos del Museo del Ejército de Toledo (MUSEJE). Un recurso tan valioso como es el patrimonio cultural ya no se conforma con una conservación física; debe complementarse de una preservación digital exhaustiva en todas sus formas, siendo básico y necesario para su adecuada salvaguarda. Este artículo se centra en la digitalización tridimensional (3D) a partir de la fotogrametría digital y el modelado 3D de esta pieza de armamento histórico militar. Apoyándonos en la fotogrametría y en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), vamos a obtener una documentación geométrica de precisión y unos modelos 3D orientados a la investigación, educación, difusión y preservación de un patrimonio tan importante y desconocido como es el patrimonio histórico militar. Esta investigación demuestra la importancia de las técnicas de documentación geométrica para la democratización de los museos. Contribuye a mejorar los procesos de investigación, abriendo una nueva línea de estudio, a partir de la cual, podemos reconstruir el pasado a través de la virtualidad, pudiendo así marcar y confirmar hipótesis históricas. Estas técnicas ofrecen la posibilidad de poner en valor piezas relevantes y singulares dentro y fuera de los museos.Lo más destacado:Se adapta la fotogrametría multi-imagen de objeto cercano al proceso de documentación de una espada de manufactura andalusí del s. XV.Se describe un flujo de trabajo optimizado para documentar un objeto complejo: espada histórico-nazaríre cubierta de metales y materiales preciosos.La digitalización 3D puede contribuira la democratización de los museos gracias a la diseminación web de su contenido de una manera personalizada. ; Ali Atar, Warden of Loja and Lord of Zagra, was born around 1393. He was one of the principal military leaders of the Nasrid period and came to join the Grenadine Royal House by marrying his daughter Moraima with Boabdil, the last King of Granada. He died in the battle of Lucena in 1483, where one of the magnificent jineta swords of Andalusí manufacture was snatched, which is now conserved and located in the collection of the Toledo Army Museum (MUSEJE). The MUSEJE collections house important scientific, technical, historical and artistic heritage. The historical military heritage needs for its protection, preservation and valorisation the adaptation of new resources and benefit from the usage of new digital technologies. The physical conservation is no longer enough for a resource as valuable as cultural heritage; it needs to be complemented with a comprehensive digital preservation in all its forms, being essential and necessary for its proper safeguard. The virtual era currently emphasizes its presence in the digital documentation, preservation and dissemination of our cultural heritage. In particular, we have oriented and activated it on the historical military heritage, knowledgeable and narrator of our history, of its treasures, and of their relationship within the society as important representations of social and dynastic status. This paper is centred in the 3D digitisation by means of digital photogrammetry and 3D modelling of a historical military weapon. Aided by photogrammetry and information and communication technologies (ICT), we will achieve precise geometric documentation and 3D models that are geared towards research, education, diffusion and the preservation of heritage as important and unknown as is historical military heritage. Photogrammetry gives us the opportunity to bring to light the Ali Atar's sword, one of the most relevant artistic manifestations belonging to the Nasri armament (Fig. 1, Table 1). The multi-view close-range photogrammetry is key to virtualise this jewel and also to contribute to the democratisation of the museum through the web dissemination of its content in a personalized way.Materials such as metals and precious stones, and gold techniques present in the Andalusian weapon required a particular photogrammetric data acquisition using a light booth and polarizing filter (Fig. 10), as suggested for the latter by (Guidi, Gonizzi, Micoli, 2014). This setup brought a substantial improvement when dealing with highly reflective materials such as the metallic blade of Ali Atar's jineta sword. The use of the polarising filter attenuated the light that affects and reflects in the piece, benefiting both data acquisition and processing to deliver 3D models. We offered some results ready to safeguard, preserve and disseminate the jineta sword as a high-quality 3D model (Fig. 13), with submillimetre precision from which to obtain all the necessary metric deliverables. From the dense point cloud, two meshes were delivered: i) a homogeneous high resolution mesh keeping all the original features for archiving, conservation and research, and ii) a medium resolution mesh for web-based visualisation and dissemination. The aim was to achieve a detailed geometric documentation as well as complete and accurate 3D models (Fig. 29) for web repositories (https://skfb.ly/ZzzA), orthoimages (Figs. 30 and 31) that allow us to plot from CAD programs all the ornamental and decorative information of the piece (Figs. 32 and 33). In addition, we present some results related to monitoring and evaluation of changes in the state of conservation of the piece (Figs. 34, 35 and 36), extending the survey to preventive conservation studies.This research proves the value of geometric documentation techniques for the democratisation of museums. It contributes to improving the research processes, opening a new line of study. From this point we can rebuild the past through the virtuality, being able to mark and confirm historical hypotheses. These techniques offer the chance to give value to relevant and singular pieces in and out of museums. Both heritage and virtual archaeology are fundamental pillars to delve into the future of education and knowledge.

In the epoch of total deception, moral and ethical dilemmas, ideological diversity, and confusion when the crisis is becoming a permanent state, it's getting more and more challenging to define such phenomena as hegemony and resistance, then to explain their quintessence. As more transnational networks and actors are appearing in the global landscape international political order is becoming more entangled. Some of the transnational ties are formal but there is an informal web of connections that are much difficult to discern. In this context of the accelerated transfiguration of the global system, it is crucial to make sense of how hegemony and resistance are functioning. In the following article, I will rely on philosophical works of Alain Badiou, Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze, also works of Russian author Leo Tolstoy and modern tv series such as The Leftovers, Fight Club, and Black Mirror to get the picture of how hegemony and resistance adjusted to the rapid change

Ponemos en sus manos el texto ¿Qué significa educar en el mundo de hoy? del compilador e investigador y profesor universitario Rafael Ricardo Bohórquez-Aunta. Y es que el tener esta compilación educativa, nos permite ver diferentes horizontes y aportes de este amplio espacio tan útil en el país, en Latinoamérica y el mundo, desde los espacios con presencialidad hasta la formación a distancia que ha sido muy útil para todas las latitudes geográficas. Más vale educación con pasión que virtualidad sin conectividad. Pues la profesión docente deja siempre una estela de historias y enseñanzas-aprendizaje impregnadas en el alma, ya sea que se labore con niños, jóvenes, universitarios o posgrados. Es por ello que el profesor e investigador Rafael Ricardo Bohórquez-Aunta, se da a la noble tarea de presentarnos para nuestro deleite académico y cultural estos aportes de educación y experiencias de punta, que nos permitirán familiarizarnos y comprender cómo ha ido avanzando la educación en contextos tan sui generis. Como los plasmados en forma extraordinaria y acertada en estas narrativas. Este profundo aporte nos permitirá ver que muchas veces de la educación se ha hecho un mercado y un lugar para obtener beneficios políticos, económicos y de otra índole, lo cual ha llevado a que hoy se produzcan grandes y fuertes reclamaciones con marchas a nivel nacional, e internacional. Reclamando derechos y se suele escuchar frases que han quedado plasmadas en la memoria de los activistas, de los que escuchan pasivamente y plasmadas en infinidad de muros y espacios públicos, tales como: "el pueblo exige y tiene razón, primero lo primero, salud y educación". Tenemos un reto y una oportunidad, y es no pretender volver al pasado o como estábamos antes después de la pandemia, debemos proyectarnos académicamente y educativamente al futuro, debemos acostumbrarnos a disfrutar del momento presente con todo lo nuevo y novedoso que trae. Volver al pasado es volver a lo mismo que teníamos para los pobres y para los ricos. Para unos sería triste y frustrante y para otros sería continuar con el mismo statu quo. Pues estábamos en un mundo cansado, sin vigor, pesimista, envejecido en sus políticas y proyectos educativas. Por ello debemos dar opciones y motivaciones de esperanza, de cambio, de un mejor futuro y esperar contra toda esperanza. Ello es una invitación a no vacilar en los nuevos aportes en estos momentos de debilidades. Pensemos y proyectémonos en lo que esta situación prepara para nosotros. No demos cabida a proyectos y pensamientos negativos. Estamos en momentos súper óptimos para cambiar nuestra academia y nuestros modos de enseñar utilizando las nuevas herramientas tecnológicas que están a nuestro alcance y preparándonos para las nuevas que vendrán con la generación y tecnología 5g y 6g, que esto dicho en una palabra familiar "será una locura". Teniendo en cuenta los aportes de esta compilación de textos y autores debemos ser arriesgados y expresar nuestros pedidos educativos, así se sabe que es lo que desea y que es lo que pide. Pero hagámoslo no a los gobiernos sino al mundo educativo para que tengamos unanimidad de deseos y proyectos. Según como sea nuestras peticiones serán las respuestas y nuestra esperanza de un nudo educativo en constante evolución y cambio. Compañeros docentes e investigadores si la educación no nos mueve, si nos quedamos cruzados de brazos, no hay cambio. Comencemos desde ya y poco a poco se realizarán los grandes cambios. Ello implica que debemos alentar, profundizar y robustecer la formación académica de las personas que lleguen a cada educador. Y esto es progreso temporal que va contribuyendo a la vida de la persona humana. Fr. Omar Orlando SÁNCHEZ SUÁREZ, O.P Vicerrector Académico Universidad Santo Tomás – Seccional Tunja ; We place in your hands the text, What does it mean to educate in today's world? from compiler, researcher and university professor, Rafael Ricardo Bohórquez-Aunta. Having this educative compilation permits us to see different horizons and contributions of this vast field, so instrumental in our country, in Latin America, and all geographical latitudes, including in-person formation and distance-learning education. Education with passion is more valuable than virtuality without connectivity. The teaching profession always leaves a trail of stories, teachings and lessons, impregnated in the soul, whether one works with children, youth, university or postgraduate students. This is why professor and researcher Rafael Ricardo Bohórquez-Aunta, embarks in the honorable task of presenting to us, for our academic and cultural pleasure, contributions from diverse educational experiences, which will allow us to become familiar with, and understand, how education, in sui generis contexts, is moving forward; in extraordinary and fitting fashion as heard in these narratives. This profound contribution will permit us to see that, often, education has been turned into a market, instrumentalized to obtain political and economic benefits, among others, which has led to a situation today where strong demands are made, with social marches, nationally and internationally. Claiming rights, and one hear phrases imprinted in the memories of activists, of those who listen, and written on a vast number of walls and public spaces, such as: "the people demand, and it is right, first things first, health and education". We have the challenge and opportunity of not returning to the past or how we were before the pandemic, we must project ourselves academically and educationally towards the future, we must get used to enjoying the present moment with the novelties it brings. Returning to the past is going back to the same state of affairs for rich and poor. For some, it would be sad and frustrating, and for others, it would be the continuation of the status quo. We were living in a tired world, without vigor, pessimist, aged in its politics and educative projects. This is why we must have options and motivations for hope, for change and for a better future. This is an invitation to not hesitate in the new approaches, in these moments of weakness. Let us think about what this situation has for us. Let us not allow negative projects and thoughts. We are in optimal moments to change our academy and our ways of teaching, making use of the new technologies that are in our reach, and preparing ourselves for the new ones, which will come with 5G and 6G technology. In popular words, "it will be madness". Having present the contributions in this compilation of texts and authors, we must take risks and express our educational demands, this way, what is wanted and asked-for is known. Let us make this demands not to the governments but to the educational world, so that we have unanimity of desires and projects. The answers, and our hope of an educational node that is in constant evolution and change, relies on our petitions. Colleagues, teachers and researches, if education does not move us, if we are cross-armed, there is no change. Let us begin now, for the big changes are realized step by step. This implies that we must encourage, further and strengthen the academic formation of each person who comes to the educator. This is temporal progress that will contribute to the life of the human person. Fr. Omar Orlando SÁNCHEZ SUÁREZ, O.P Vicerrector Académico Universidad Santo Tomás – Seccional Tunja

Of Illegitimacy -- The HDR consists of three volumes. The first one is a report on the work carried out over the last fifteen years which gives its title to the set, Of Illegitimacy (Volume 1, 124 p.). It proposes an epistemological reflection on a research career, on reflexivity and the social science perspective from several research themes : the anthropological history of Palestinian refugees; gender, body and affects; secular and religious feminisms in Arab and Muslim societies; images and regimes of visibility and invisibility; borders, confinement and mobility in Israeli-Palestinian spaces; prison in Israel/Palestine; the challenges of narrative in the social sciences and post-disciplinarity around documentary cinema; engagement and alternative citizenships in Palestine and the Middle East. The issue of illegitimacy is at the core of this analysis. It deals with illegitimacy as an approach and with the illegitimate ones, those who are out of frame. It sets out the contours of an epistemology of illegitimacy constructed from a radical feminist positioning and a cinematographic epistemology.The second volume is an original manuscript, The Prison Web. A History of Imprisonment in Palestine (504 p., forthcoming), and finally the third one is a a selection of articles and works (624 p.).Since 1967, in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, incarceration in Israeli prisons has strongly impacted personal experiences and collective history. Massive arrests for political reasons have over time created a Prison web. A Prison web that is as much reality as it is virtuality: a possibility of imprisonment, a suspension without contours. It is both visible and always out of frame. It stands as an uncertainty. The penal practices applied to Palestinians residing in the Occupied Territories are decisive control mechanisms that contribute to a bordering system that is anchored on a specific mobility regime. They are part of the management of the nation's borders. Such borders are non-linear, have multiplied, are partly dematerialized, mobile and networked. At the same time, they are individualized and endless. Node and nucleus of the rhizome of control, the prison is not an isolate. Because of the porosity between the Inside and the Outside of the prison facilities, it is a key place to analyze the political processes and mobilizations in Palestine, and the prison citizenships that are developed there. The effects of this intertwining of Inside and Outside extend not only to the community of prisoners and former prisoners, but also to partisan and activist circles, to society, to Palestinian communities in the West Bank, Jerusalem, Gaza and Israel, and to the inhabitants of the occupied Golan Heights. Over time, this porosity has melted the Inside and Outside into a shared prison ethos. The Prison web has captured territorial and relational space, bodies and minds. This text addresses the borders between these spaces. It analyzes the relations, the interconnections between the Inside and the Outside. It deals with the prison subjectivities from 1967 onwards, through generations of inmates. The omnipresence of the prison has strongly influenced subjectivities in the Territories. As a socialization process, prison is incorporated. It affects deeply gender relations, masculinities, feminities and personal experiences. For some, it is an endless place whose hold lasts post-mortem. ; Ce dossier de HDR est composé de trois volumes. Le mémoire de synthèse, L'illégitime (Volume 1,124 p.) donne son titre à l'ensemble. Autour de la question de l'illégitime comme trame, comme approche, et des illégitimes - celles et ceux qui se trouvent hors-champ - comme sujets, ce texte propose une réflexion épistémologique sur un parcours et sur le point de vue à partir de grands thèmes de recherche : l'histoire anthropologique des réfugié·es palestiniens ; le genre, le corps et les affects ; les féminismes, séculiers et religieux, dans les sociétés arabes et musulmanes ; les images et les régimes de visibilité et d'invisibilité ; les frontières, l'enfermement et les mobilités dans les espaces israélo-palestiniens ; le carcéral en Israël/Palestine ; les enjeux de la narration en sciences sociales et de la post-disciplinarité autour du cinéma documentaire ; l'engagement et les citoyennetés alternatives en Palestine et au Moyen-Orient. Il pose les contours d'une épistémologie de l'illégitime construite à partir d'un positionnement féministe radical et d'une épistémologie cinématographique. Le manuscrit original La toile carcérale. Une histoire de l'enfermement en Palestine compose le Volume 2 (504 p, en cours de publication), et une sélection d'articles et travaux le Volume 3 (624 p.).Dans les Territoires palestiniens, depuis l'occupation de 1967, le passage par les prisons israéliennes a marqué les histoires personnelles et collective. Les arrestations et les incarcérations massives pour des motifs d'ordre politique ont au fil du temps installé une toile carcérale. Une toile carcérale qui est tout autant réalité que virtualité : une possibilité d'emprisonner, une suspension sans contours, à la fois visible et toujours hors-champ, une incertitude. Les pratiques pénales appliquées aux Palestiniens résidents des Territoires occupés sont des dispositifs de contrôle déterminants qui contribuent à un système frontalier (bordering system) qui s'ancre sur un régime de mobilité spécifique. Elles participent de la gestion des frontières de la nation : des frontières non-linéaires, qui se sont multipliées, sont en partie dématérialisées, mobiles et réticulaires (networked) et, dans le même temps, individualisées et sans fin. Nœud et noyau du rhizome de contrôle, la prison n'est pas un isolat. En raison de la porosité entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur des facilités carcérales, entre Dedans et Dehors, elle est un lieu clef pour analyser les processus politiques et les mobilisations en Palestine, à partir des citoyennetés carcérales qui s'y élaborent. Les effets de cette imbrication entre Dedans et Dehors s'étendent non seulement à la communauté des prisonnières, des prisonniers et des anciens détenu·es mais aussi aux milieux partisans et militants, à la société, aux communautés palestiniennes de Cisjordanie, de Jérusalem, de Gaza et d'Israël, aux habitants du Golan occupé. Avec le temps, cette porosité a fondu le Dedans et le Dehors dans un ethos carcéral partagé. La toile a capté l'espace territorial, relationnel, les corps et les têtes. Ce texte se situe dans l'entre-deux entre Dedans et Dehors, à la frontière entre ces espaces. Il analyse les relations, les interconnexions entre le Dedans et le Dehors, les subjectivités carcérales de 1967 à aujourd'hui, à travers les générations carcérales qui se sont succédé. L'omniprésence de la prison a fortement agi sur les subjectivités dans les Territoires. Mode de socialisation, la prison est aussi incorporée. Elle a eu des effets profonds sur les relations de genre, les masculinités, les féminités, et sur les vécus personnels. Elle est, pour certains, un lieu sans fin dont l'emprise perdure post-mortem.

Featuring an international slate of artists, the festival focuses on the ceaseless flow of people, information, and substances, through expanding urban areas, the virtual realm of cyberspace, and endangered natural landscapes. In the face of worldwide streams of refugees and migrants, an overload of manipulable digital information, and injurious amounts of harmful particles suspended in the atmosphere and discharged into waterways, those in power look the other way. And all the while they withdraw and intensify control to protect what they have. Short-term success is favoured over having a sustained vision of the future. The programme derives its thematic approach from the concept of the "space of flows", as set forth by the Spanish sociologist Manuel Castells in his seminal 1996 volume The Rise of the Network Society. "The space of flows", explained Castells, "dissolves time by disordering the sequence of events and making them simultaneous, thus installing society in eternal ephemerality". Two decades later, one could say that we exist in exactly such a society: a networked one, defined as an open, borderless, and intangible entity, in constant flux and an ever shifting shape. It is our shared experience that we are all part of an enmeshed whole that provokes and confronts us on a near-daily basis with events unfolding in faraway locales. As we take note of them via our screens in the form of a tweet, an image, or a video they evade traditional geographic boundaries and notions of localness. And the speed with which people, goods, information, and pollutants are distributed and disseminated is so rapid that it is sometimes impossible to distinguish between catalyst and consequence. Moreover, how should we judge a message on our screen? Can we really see and understand what is going on? Through the rise of the network society, a real virtuality became visible, making us aware that we are no longer only living in a "space of places". Castells explains this as a space in which we were familiar with every nook and cranny of our village and acquainted with all our neighbours, and in which we could trace in our minds the jigsaw configurations of the horizon-bound fields. A new layer was created, and this "space of flows" catapulted us into a fluid ecosystem that requires a substantial shift in our perspective on humanity and the planet. On that note, Rebecca Solnit, author of River of Shadows, describes the ascents of Hollywood and, somewhat later, Silicon Valley as those of industries which have reshaped "a world of places and materials [into] a world of representations and information, a world of vastly greater reach and less solid grounding". And it is precisely the industries of Hollywood and Silicon Valley that by and large define the frames through which we perceive and see the world.Solnit interweaves her biography of Eadweard Muybridge, the photographer and innovator of early motion-picture studies and technologies, with meditations on the concept of "the annihilation of time and space". "The annihilation of time and space" is an expression from the Industrial Revolution used to describe the groundbreaking, time-altering technologies of the day, such as rail travel and the telegraph, both of which aimed to accelerate lines of transportation and communication.In this respect, each new technology functions as yet another medium that enhances our experience of time and space. But do they bring us a clearer vision? Or do they blur our minds instead? The artists selected for this year's Photomonth present projects that encourage us to develop ways of thinking that refuse to be hemmed in by boundaries and led by prejudices. The works provoke a more informed, flexible, and empathetic response to the most pressing issues that we, as humans, face today. As such, the festival focuses on the tension between the impulse to delimit a space with walls and to fearfully exclude the unknown, and the impossibility to regulate processes of moving enormous quantities of people, information, and substances within and across physical and virtual spaces. Envisioned as one overarching group show, the festival blends stories and images in an attempt to examine the "space of flows" that we currently inhabit, and grapple with its implications. To distinguish between the myriad focuses of the artists' projects, they have been divided into three chapters: migration to and within contemporary Europe; the invisibility and intangibility of digital data; and urgent environmental issues. The exhibited works address multiple topics, including: societal anxieties stirred by ignorance and mistrust, as well as political fearmongering; consequences of human interventions for the climate; stories of forced displacement; and the growing threat of cyberwarfare. Conflicts, unemployment and lack of prospects have forced untold thousands of people to leave behind their homes, belongings, and loved ones. Refugee or migrant, they undertake an often perilous journey to promised lands where they find themselves at risk of being detained and targeted by the rhetoric of populist political movements.Europe finds itself divided between the liberal values of tolerance and the nostalgia of those who crave a return to a fantasised past in which "everything was known". Meanwhile, in an etheric elsewhere, our data hover invisibly in an artificial "cloud", or else whizz in the blink of an eye through cables snaking underground and undersea. In truth, the vast majority of us don't have a clue what happens to our data after their transformation into bits and cascading scrolls of zeroes and ones. Computer programmers, cryptocurrency experts, and bitcoin speculators have little interest in making their shadowy realm more transparent or comprehensible to the layperson. The rest of us are left in the dark as to what exactly happens to the digitised facsimiles of ourselves, once rendered and uploaded. What subcutaneous layer, for example, do we unwittingly expose when we pass through an airport's body scanner? And although "wild nature" has been reduced in many latitudes to a contradiction in terms, it is still a quality we seek out and yearn to experience. In some regions of the world in which a highly cultivated natural environment is mistaken for its original state, we have been disrupting natural processes for ages. Heavy industries such as mining, the presence of nuclear power plants, and what goes under the name of forest management have had a profound, and in many cases irreversibly deleterious effect on the well-being, and long-term vitality of both human and animal habitats. Even if statistically calculable, it remains difficult, if not impossible, to visualise and truly comprehend the vast movement of migrant populations, the frictionless transfer of encoded data and its ciphered binary digits, and the large-scale release of contaminants into our air, soils, and water. Nevertheless, all the selected artists attempt to do just that: with their lens-based art, they make the "space of flows" more fathomable by humanising its statistics, personalising and particularising its abstractions, and demystifying its technophilic enigmas. Their art stimulates and resonates with the intellect, imagination, and conscience of the viewer. Work shown by Edmund Clark: 'Negative Publicity: Artefacts of Extraordinary Rendition' https://www.edmundclark.com/works/negative-publicity/#text Exhibition also includes: Esther Hovers, Rune Peitersen, Armand Quetsch, Agnieszka Rayss, Katja Stuke & Oliver Sieber

El Foro Nacional Estudiantil de Economía y Finanzas (FNE), contó en su reto grupal con más de 200 estudiantes a nivel nacional, distribuidos en 62 equipos, pertenecientes a 22 universidades. El pasado viernes 4 de septiembre, conocimos a los ganadores de este reto, que consistía en crear propuestas de política pública para la reactivación de municipios colombianos tras el Covid-19. Esta nueva versión del FNE, ha estado llena de retos y nuevas experiencias, ya que, gracias a la virtualidad, logramos conocer más estudiantes preocupados por la participación y reactivación de los municipios vulnerables del territorio. "Creamos este reto para darles voz a los jóvenes de diferentes áreas y conocimientos, resaltando que cuando se trata del desarrollo del desarrollo económico sostenible, la interdisciplinariedad es fundamental", afirmó Carlos Holguin, uno de los directores de este Foro. Carlos Sepúlveda, decano de la Facultad de Economía UR, felicitó a todos los participantes y destacó el liderazgo y la capacidad de adaptación e innovación por parte de los estudiantes dada la compleja coyuntura, asegurando la importancia de "la voz de los jóvenes economistas y financieros en encontrar soluciones a realidades muy difíciles". Dentro de los jurados de este reto, se encontraban Juanita Goebertus, representante a la Cámara por Bogotá, magister en Derecho de la Universidad de Harvard y experta en paz, justicia transicional y postconflicto. Silvia Otero-Bahamon, profesora principal de la Escuela de Ciencia Política, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales de la Universidad del Rosario, con un PhD en Ciencia Política de la Universidad de Northwestern. Y, Santiago Saavedra, profesor principal de la Facultad de Economía de la Universidad del Rosario, con PhD en Economía de la Universidad de Stanford. Los invitamos a conocer los cinco equipos finalistas de este reto, junto con sus propuestas e iniciativas: - Grupo 1- Municipio de Corinto: "Propuesta de política pública para la reactivación de Corinto, Cauca" Conformado por cuatro estudiantes de la Universidad del Rosario, quienes además fueron los ganadores de este reto por su innovación y aprovechamiento de la situación actual para la reactivación económica del municipio. Su propuesta se basó en la inversión en vías a través del Plan Colombia Rural, construcción de acueductos rurales temporales en el corto plazo y permanentes en el largo, producción local de gel antibacterial a partir de insumos locales y técnicas tradicionales de la comunidad Nasa e implementación del plan nevera viva para la seguridad y la soberanía alimentaria con enfoque diferenciado. - Grupo 2 – Municipio de Puerto Caicedo: "Recomendaciones de Política Pública en Puerto Caicedo, Putumayo" Conformado por estudiantes de la Universidad del Rosario, Universidad de los Andes y la Universidad ICESI. Basaron su propuesta a través de cultivos de coca para uso medicinal, aprovechamiento sostenible del medio ambiente, y promoción de actividades productivas adaptables a sus condiciones regionales, buscamos mejorar la productividad de Puerto Caicedo. Grupo 3 – Municipio de Valle del Guamez: "Reapertura económica en Valle del Guamuez bajo la coyuntura del COVID-19" Conformado por estudiantes de la Universidad de los Andes. Presentaron una propuesta a corto plazo de retorno a la agricultura enfocada en los cultivos propios de la región con alianzas con Corpocampo, Coprocaguamez y Asapiv. Para mediano plazo, una digitalización de la propuesta de valor a través de la tienda virtual Frubana. Y, a largo plazo, la adecuación y el mejoramiento de las vías para lograr la exportación y transporte de productos. - Grupo 4- Municipio de Bojayá: "Bojayá conectado, Bojayá seguro" Conformado por estudiantes de la Universidad del Rosario y la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, quienes ocuparon el segundo lugar de este reto, por su sentido social. Basaron su propuesta a partir de la economía solidaria como una opción que vale la pena explorar para el desarrollo social en territorios de postconflicto. Así pues, masificando la entrega de elementos de bioseguridad, asociando y capacitando a los transportadores fluviales de Bojayá e invirtiendo en mejor infraestructura portuaria, impactaremos en este municipio en el corto, mediano y largo plazo. - Grupo 5 – Municipio de El Tambo: "Propuesta de reactivación económica para El Tambo: El futuro es campesino" Conformado por estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Presentaron una propuesta de reactivación comprometida con el productor agrícola de El Tambo y sus productos tradicionales. Una alternativa a los cultivos ilícitos, en busca de la paz, la prosperidad y la estabilidad económica de la región. En nombre de la Facultad de Economía y la organización del FNE, agradecemos a todos los estudiantes participantes por su entusiasmo de crear y construir país a partir de soluciones sostenibles y beneficiosas para nuestras comunidades. También, felicitamos a los equipos finalistas y ganadores, ya que todos, realizaron un aparte valioso que nos permitirá solidarizarnos con estos territorios y a pensar creativamente en la reactivación pos Covid-19. ; The National Student Forum of Economics and Finance (FNE), counted in its group challenge with more than 200 students nationwide, distributed in 62 teams, belonging to 22 universities. Last Friday, September 4, we met the winners of this challenge, which consisted of creating public policy proposals for the reactivation of Colombian municipalities after Covid-19. This new version of the FNE has been full of challenges and new experiences, since, thanks to virtuality, we were able to meet more students concerned about the participation and reactivation of vulnerable municipalities in the territory. "We created this challenge to give a voice to young people from different areas and knowledge, highlighting that when it comes to the development of sustainable economic development, interdisciplinarity is essential," said Carlos Holguin, one of the directors of this Forum. Carlos Sepúlveda, dean of the UR Faculty of Economics, congratulated all the participants and highlighted the leadership and capacity for adaptation and innovation on the part of the students given the complex situation, ensuring the importance of "the voice of young economists and financiers in finding solutions to very difficult realities ". Among the jurors of this challenge, were Juanita Goebertus, representative to the Chamber for Bogotá, magister in Law from Harvard University and expert in peace, transitional justice and post-conflict. Silvia Otero-Bahamon, Senior Lecturer in the School of Political Science, Government and International Relations at Universidad del Rosario, with a PhD in Political Science from Northwestern University. And, Santiago Saavedra, Senior Lecturer at the Faculty of Economics at Universidad del Rosario, with a PhD in Economics from Stanford University. We invite you to meet the five finalist teams in this challenge, along with their proposals and initiatives: - Group 1- Municipality of Corinto: Made up of four students from the Universidad del Rosario, who were also the winners of this challenge for their innovation and taking advantage of the current situation for the economic reactivation of the municipality. His proposal was based on the investment in roads through the Rural Colombia Plan, construction of temporary rural aqueducts in the short term and permanent in the long term, local production of antibacterial gel from local inputs and traditional techniques of the Nasa community and implementation of the viva fridge plan for food security and sovereignty with a differentiated approach. - Group 2 - Municipality of Puerto Caicedo: Made up of students from Universidad del Rosario, Universidad de los Andes and Universidad ICESI. They based their proposal on coca crops for medicinal use, sustainable use of the environment, and promotion of productive activities adaptable to their regional conditions, we seek to improve the productivity of Puerto Caicedo. Group 3 - Municipality of Valle del Guamez: Made up of students from the Universidad de los Andes. They presented a short-term proposal for a return to agriculture focused on the region's own crops with alliances with Corpocampo, Coprocaguamez and Asapiv. For the medium term, a digitization of the value proposition through the Frubana virtual store. And, in the long term, the adaptation and improvement of the ways to achieve the export and transport of products. - Group 4- Municipality of Bojayá: Made up of students from the Universidad del Rosario and the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, who ranked second in this challenge, due to its social sense. They based their proposal on the solidarity economy as an option worth exploring for social development in post-conflict territories. Thus, by massifying the delivery of biosafety elements, associating and training the river transporters of Bojayá and investing in better port infrastructure, we will impact this municipality in the short, medium and long term. - Group 5 - Municipality of El Tambo: Made up of students from the National University of Colombia. They presented a proposal for reactivation committed to the agricultural producer of El Tambo and its traditional products. An alternative to illicit crops, in search of peace, prosperity and economic stability in the region. On behalf of the Faculty of Economics and the organization of the FNE, we thank all the participating students for their enthusiasm to create and build a country based on sustainable and beneficial solutions for our communities. Also, we congratulate the finalist and winning teams, since they all made a valuable part that will allow us to show solidarity with these territories and to think creatively about the post-Covid-19 reactivation.