The understanding of the Indonesian people towards the understanding of waqf that cannot be separated from historical factors, people have adhered to it from ancient times until now. Waqf management institutions are very influential on the development of waqf in this nation in the history of Islamic civilization. Various waqf institutions have carried out waqf management for the community in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations. 41 of 2004 provides public confidence in waqf and provides public space so that they understand about waqf, especially term waqf according to Law no. 41 of 2004 concerning the implementation of waqf management. futures in Indonesia and its implementation which is also regulated in Government Regulation no. 42 of 2006. This term waqf is a manifestation of the development of the welfare of the people. The potential for developing waqf assets is very large, if managed productively, it can be a solution to welfare.
As the concept of waqf is continuously explored worldwide, it becomes a mainstream discipline embedded in most organizations. Waqf governance is important for the development of waqf properties for the sustainability and wealth of the Muslim communities. Most of the literature identified that the management of waqf is under the jurisdiction of the state government. It shows that the management and governance of the Waqf should be improved and become the main concern of the current researchers since the development of waqf has provided significant contributions to the socio-economic of the nation. This paper is aimed to provide a systematic literature review of waqf governance. The studies on the waqf governance were initiated in 2011 and it showed growing trends related to the publications on waqf governance starting 2017. A total of 49 documents published between 2011-2021 were retrieved. 19 related documents are included for further analyses based on the systematic searching strategies process. In this contribution, we propose a systematic literature review by partitioning the literature into papers addressing waqf governance. The waqf governance is vital to ensure that the administrators able to cope with the competitive management so that the properties are managed and developed successfully especially in the post pandemic.
Waqf plays a very important role in Muslim societies. It has been the main source for various public services provided to communities. It has been marginalized as a mere charity, although it has historically been successful in producing sustainable income and reducing poverty levels in Muslim countries. Traditionally, the creation of Waqf is inculcated in Muslims' culture, and included all walks of life. It has also contributed to the service of man in various areas of development. Nonetheless, in modern times, Waqf has seen a declining role, which raises a number of questions as to what factors actually led to an earlier growth of Waqf, and what was the factor associated with its later decline. This review propagates a historical narrative of Waqf, highlighting the reasons for its decline and the need for reform. The paper concludes that if Muslims have good governments that can manage the funds are transparent, reformulates the laws governing Waqf, and design an integrated network of sciences to monitor issues and problems; they can realistically revive the practice of Waqf. The proper management and disbursement of Waqf can become a great source of revenue for the Ummah.
This article supports decision-makers for the use of blockchain technology in academies and industry in Indonesia, considering its advantages and disadvantages. Like the current Covid 19 pandemic, it is necessary to obtain accurate data in various economic sectors. Islamic economic instruments such as waqf are an important sector, proven to have played a significant role in socio-economy throughout history, as a philanthropic tool and contribute to Islamic civilization. If developed, managed and utilized properly, it can create sustainability for the community. A method that relies on previous literature, this qualitative paper aims to contribute to encouraging the government to use blockchain for waqf. We outline terms and concepts related to how blockchain works and theoretical trust to investigate how blockchain affects the role of trust in waqf transactions. The results using the SWOT framework, we discuss what emerges from blockchain technology in waqf. The conclusion of this study discusses how blockchain can contribute to waqf instruments based on a conceptual framework. We hope to stimulate interest in theory and practice to encourage discussion in this area.
Good management of charity foundations in Islam, specifically waqf, plays a significant role in achieving sustainable development. However, a substantial proportion of total waqf is still lying dormant across the world. The aim of the study is to obtain a better understanding of the problems related to waqf governance. An exploratory research design which uses depth interview is carried out on the authority which is responsible for the implementation of waqf governance in Kelantan, a state in Malaysia. The findings showed that legislation and inefficient management are among the possible impeding factors for good governance of waqf.
Purpose This study aims to examine the understudied topic of Islamic entrepreneurship by adapting the framework of waqf-based entrepreneurship to identify the crucial factors driving waqf-based entrepreneurs' motivation.
Design/methodology/approach A partial least squares structural equation model was used to validate the hypotheses, and in-depth interviews were conducted to gain deeper insights into the findings.
Findings The key findings revealed that self-commitment, entrepreneurial skills and family support exert a significant and positive influence on waqfpreneurs' motivation to engage in waqf-based entrepreneurship, with self-commitment playing a mediating role between self-actualisation and waqfpreneurial motivation. Additionally, the study proposes categorisations of waqfpreneurs based on the volume of waqf funds managed; their capacity to execute waqf-based entrepreneurship; and institutional performance metrics.
Research limitations/implications The limited sample size restricts the generalisability of the study. Future research should use a larger sample to generate more broadly applicable results. In addition, the methodology can be replicated in other countries to identify new factors influencing waqfpreneurs' motivation or to uncover aspects not explored in this research. Future studies could also use qualitative methodologies such as grounded theory, ethnography or case studies. This would allow for a deeper exploration of motivational factors not yet captured, directly from the lived experiences of waqfpreneurs/nazhirs.
Practical implications The study provides evidence of the key factors that influence waqf-based entrepreneurship, contributing to the literature on entrepreneurship and waqf. It also offers valuable insights for the government and other stakeholders into strategies to motivate waqf-based entrepreneurs, ultimately fostering the development of waqf assets, value creation and sustainable waqf benefit distribution.
Originality/value The study aims to address the lack of research on Islamic entrepreneurship by specifically modifying the framework of waqf-based entrepreneurship to investigate the key factors that influence individuals' motivation to conduct waqf-based entrepreneurship and management activities.
The implementation of waqf cash that is not in accordance with the laws and regulations, raises legal problems in the community. The study will analyze the problem of chash waqf law and its juridical solution's. This research in Central Java, by taking research samples from Boyolali, Salatiga, Regency and City of Semarang. The aim was to analyze the implementation of cash waqf in Central Java and its benefits can be used as material for government policies in implementing cash waqf law. The research type was field research and data was in the form of primary and secondary data, which includes primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The research results of the problem of cash waqf law in Central Java is; low public interest in representing cash waqf, lack of coordination between cash waqf institutions (BWI and LKS-PWU), lack of human resources in understanding cash waqf, and misunderstandings about the meaning of cash waqf. Juridical solutions include; increasing BWI management resources, optimizing BWI's performance, socialization of waqf legal rules, forming a positive image of LKS-PWU, and increasing the professionalism of integrated management in managing waqf assets.
Knowing the mechanisms in management of waqf management is very important to know both individuals and waqf institutions. The Indonesian Charity Foundation continues to make efforts to achieve maximum prosperity. However, what is the management if reviewed by fiqh, compilation of Islamic law and Law no. 4 of 2004 concerning representatives. This study uses a type of qualitative research with descriptive analysis and socio-historical approach to determine the observed organizational behavior. Exploration of the foundation's programs, events, and activities was analyzed by a normative theological approach (fiqh, KHI) and the law to find out the implementation of cash waqf activities in a review of compilation of Islamic law and legislation on representation. Until finally it was discovered the management of cash waqf management, and knew the mechanism for the distribution of cash waqf management benefits based on the principles of "Giving", "Inspiring" and "Ikhlas" in establishing mauquf alaihi.
Waqf is an Islamic charity institution which should be able to act as the catalyst for sustainable development, if the institution is systematically and optimally implemented. However, a substantial proportion of total waqf is still lying dormant across the world. The aim of the study is to obtain a better understanding in waqf governance issues. An exploratory research design is carried out on the authority which is responsible for the implementation of waqf governance in Kelantan, a state in Malaysia. The findings showed that legislation and inefficient management are among the possible impeding factors for good governance of waqf.
The development of the microfinance as well as islamic microfinance Indonesia has been remarkable. It gains many attention by policy makers as well as academicians in many occasions. Topic that was discussed ranged from the past performance, current obstacle as wes as the problem, solution and the opportunity in the future (Hamad 2010, Bank Indonesia 2009,2010). The role of this microfinance gain more important during the recent financial crisis. The subprime mortgage occured in 2008 has affected many countries in the worlds. In Indonesia the effect can be seen from the stock market. Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) shows 2721.25 in January 2008 while it plunged to 1241.54 in October 2008. Companies which the operations is exposing themselves to the exchange rate were obviously got affected since the plunge of the stock market induce investors not to continue their investments in Indonesia. As a result ''fligh to quality" happened and this create fluctuation of the exchange rate. However, other sector such as microfinance does not seem to be affected.
This research focuses on efficient cash waqf management conducted qualitatively using library studies. The approach in this research is a critical analytical descriptive approach. The data used is sourced from sekuder data obtained from the results of research that has been done before, articles and reference books with subjects about waqf and cash waqf. The object studied is the management of waqf carried out at Islamic Financial Institutions (LKS), Non-Profit Institutions and the Government. Based on the literature review that has been done, it is found that the most efficient waqf management if managed by Islamic Financial Institutions (LKS), This is because Islamic Financial Institutions have clear functions and duties, competent human resources, guaranteed accountability and the breadth of the network in the management of waqf funds to be channeled and invested.
The Government of Zanzibar has prepared development strate- gies of Vision 2020 on a medium scale known as the Zanzibar Strategies for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (MKUZA II) whose main objectives are to take care of the economic growth and the reduction of poverty in Zanzibar. To streamline eficient service delivery to the beneiciaries in Zanzibar, the Govern- ment has placed religious duties and responsibilities to three Government-run institutions. These are the Kadhi's Court, the Ofice of the Mufti of Zanzibar and the Waqf and Trust Com- mission (WTC). Being allocated on a very strategic position commercially, politically and even socially, Zanzibar is sand- wiched between several forces as shown in its history. In view of the aforesaid, there is a need to revisit the overall responsi- bilities of the three institutions, compare them with the capacity they have in relection to both local environmental changes as well as those from a global perspective. This study will concen- trate on reviewing the WTC, which is a corporate body that has the power to conduct, coordinate or regulate by using its name any of its functions in accordance with the provisions of the Act Islamic law and rules of good practice. The aim is to review economic variables and functions of the WTC in relation to 95% of the population in Zanzibar. The study is also intended to explore the types of challenges facing the administration of the Waqf Commission in the areas of creativity, innovation, responsibility, involvement, support and participation of the concerned stakeholders and record management system.
