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This thematic issue focuses on important but understudied connections between cities and climate impacts of long-distance travel. While urbanization and urban density have climate change mitigation potential in short-distance travel (e.g., by reducing car use and supporting public transportation, walking, and cycling), they have been associated with a higher level of emissions from flights. This highlights the role that city-regions could potentially play in reducing climate impacts of aviation. At the same time, the development of airports and flight connections has been an important driver of economic growth at regional scale and a factor contributing to global competitiveness of city-regions. This thematic issue includes seven interesting articles focusing on different aspects of the theme, all of which are briefly presented in this editorial. We also lay down some suggestions for future research directions based on the findings presented in this thematic issue.

In Europe, approximately 50% of all passenger kilometres come from trips beyond 100 km according to matrices developed in the TRANSTOOLS project. This accounts for an even larger share of CO2 emissions due to a higher modal share of air transport. Therefore long-distance trips are increasingly relevant from a political and environmental point of view. The paper presents the first tour-based long-distance travel demand model for passenger trips in and between 42 European countries. The model is part of a new European transport model developed for the European Commission, the TRANSTOOLS II model, and will serve as an important tool for transport policy analysis at a European level. The model is formulated as a nested logit model and estimated based on travel diary data with segmentation into business, private, and holiday trips. We analyse the estimation results and present elasticities for a number of different level-of-service variables. The results suggest that the perception of both travel time and cost varies with journey length in a non-linear way. For car drivers and car passengers, elasticities increase with the length of the journey, whereas the opposite is true for rail, bus, and air passengers - a fact that reflects a change in substitutability. Moreover, elasticities differ significantly by trip purpose with private trips having the highest and holiday trips the lowest elasticities.

Abstract
This article draws on four true stories of long distance relationships to discuss how the tangible evidence of long distance love has changed over the past 130 years. The medium for expressing love has passed from hand-written letters and carte de viste portraits to the digital era, which has had a profound effect on the nature and style of communication. The way these respective couples 'beat the distance' and the significance of the different modes of contact is examined. Today, romantic communications take on added significance if they are needed as proof of a committed relationship for partner visa applications. After World War II, travelling for love became an international phenomenon, when an estimated 15,000 Australian war brides crossed the seas to join the men they had met during the war. The ideal of romantic love and the feminist response to it is briefly examined. While the material culture of long distance love has evolved to be more immediate, it is not necessarily more intimate nor satisfying.

This paper examines whether recent in-migrants to rural settlements in England commute further to work than the longer-term residents of these places and whether commuting distance differs according to the type of move and the geographical context of their home. The study is based on data from the Controlled Access Microdata Sample (CAMS) of the 2001 Census of Population. It is found that recent in-migrants are much more likely to commute at least 20km than are the longer-term residents. Using binary logistic regression so as to allow for socio-demographic differences between people, it is shown that the likelihood of longer distance commuting was highest for people who had moved home by between 15 and 99km and for people moving from the largest cities.

Prehistoric Long‐Distance Interaction in Oceania: An Interdisciplinary Approach. Marshall I. Weisler. ed. Monograph 21. Auckland, New Zealand: New Zealand Archaeological Association, 1997. 238 pp.

Motor carriage consists of the use of the automobile, the truck, and the bus. It and the industrial effort back of it are substantially responsible for the growth of America during the past forty years. The private automobile has revolutionized travel in the United States as well as the customs of its people. The bus provides public transportation to thousands of communities having no other public transportation. The truck has revolutionized the transportation of goods. Trucks furnish common-carrier service to all of America's new industries and industrial sections—in many cases, all or the preponderance of this service. Trends in the United States economy—decentralization of industry, both areawise and into suburban areas—point to an ever increasing utilization of for-hire truck transportation, which has already climbed, revenuewise, to a par with rail transportation. The trucking industry still faces serious problems, but none appear insurmountable. It is comprehensively regulated by both the federal and state governments. The American transportation plant has the capability to continue to meet our needs.