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Technological difficulties, such as recording lapses and dropped calls, during interviews for qualitative research lead to important ethical and methodological considerations. Using case examples from our own experiences with recording lapses, we walk through some of the questions to consider, including relational ethics and how changes in the data affect the validity of our findings. We argue that how ethical and methodological issues raised by recording lapses are to be handled largely depends on the paradigm in which each study is situated, ranging from postpositivist to constructivist to critical theory. However, we recommend that: (a) participants should be informed about the lost data and play a part in the decision on how to move forward, (b) decisions made due to technological difficulties should be discussed in the findings, and (c) researchers should take precautionary measures to avoid technological difficulties.

AbstractLapse risk is a key risk driver for life and pensions business with a material impact on the cash flow profile and the profitability. The application of data science methods can replace the largely manual and time-consuming process of estimating a lapse model that reflects various contract characteristics and provides best estimate lapse rates, as needed for Solvency II valuations. In this paper, we use the Lasso method which is based on a multivariate model and can identify patterns in the data set automatically. To identify hidden structures within covariates, we adapt and combine recently developed extended versions of the Lasso that apply different sub-penalties for individual covariates. In contrast to random forests or neural networks, the predictions of our lapse model remain fully explainable, and the coefficients can be used to interpret the lapse rate on an individual contract level. The advantages of the method are illustrated based on data from a European life insurer operating in four countries. We show how structures can be identified efficiently and fed into a highly competitive, automatically calibrated lapse model.

Desde los videos corporativos hasta la publicidad, internet y la democratización de la tecnología digital han convertido la figura del time-lapse en un recurso omnipresente en el panorama audiovisual actual. Desde el punto de vista cinematográfico, aunque es un recurso que existe desde el cine de los orígenes, ha proliferado sobre todo desde los inicios de lo que podríamos denominar la postmodernidad cinematográfica. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo detectar y analizar las posibilidades expresivas y narrativas del time-lapse en ese período a través del estudio del montaje de las secuencias de los diferentes textos audiovisuales en los que aparece. Tras la conceptualización y encuadramiento del time-lapse en el seno de la teoría cinematográfica y la narratología aplicada al cine, el análisis realizado por este trabajo de investigación nos lleva del documental experimental Koyaanisqatsi (Reggio, 1982) al cine digital contemporáneo pasando por un modo de narración alternativo, el del cine "indie", a través de uno de sus máximos representantes: Gun Van Sant. La finalidad es esclarecer si el time-lapse, por su uso masivo y superficial, ha acabado subsumido como un mecanismo más que favorece la espectacularidad del cine postmoderno o, si por el contrario, todavía puede constituir un recurso generador de sentido. ; From corporate videos to advertising, Internet and democratisation process of digital technology have made time-lapse technique an ubiquitous tool in the current audiovisual scene. From a cinematographic point of view, it is a device which exists since primitive films but its use has been especially spread since the earlier days of what we might call film postmodernity. The purpose of the current paper is to guess and analyze the time-lapse expressive and narrative possibilities in that period through the study of the editing of the different audiovisual sequences in which time-lapse appears. Once time-lapse is conceptualized and framed in film theory and narratology, the analysis made by this ...