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This article addresses questions of method, focus, & research strategy in environmental history & political economy for policy analysis & policy making. While most environmental history is seen as having to do with landscapes past & how they got that way, environmental history can also have practical contemporary applications. By coming to understand the sources & origins of environmental degradation, & the patterns of social organization that led to them, we may be better positioned to foster environmental protection & conservation in ways that may resolve &/or support local efforts around the world. Such studies can help to address conflicts that arise over conservation policies, especially when these studies illuminate the origins & historical trajectories of places, & provide insights into ways of working with, rather than against, local cultures, knowledges, & social arrangements. 44 References. Adapted from the source document.

This essay disputes the arguments made by Robert Paehlke & John Dryzek in their contributions to this issue of Global Environmental Politics. Both reform & resistance are necessary, but not sufficient, elements in collective efforts to facilitating global & local environmental protection & sustainable development. What is essential, as well, are campaigns to establish alternative institutional frameworks for the fulfillment of these goals. This essay suggests that initiatives such as those found around the issue of sustainable forestry practices might be the basis for such frameworks &, in the long run, could pressure both capital & governments to agree on strengthened & effective systems of public environmental regulation. The essay also notes the so-called democratic deficit among nongovernmental organizations & movements, but questions whether there is any democracy among capitals & international institutions. 5 References. Adapted from the source document.

Points out the inadequacy of neoliberal peace, or conflict resolution that focuses on formal democratic procedures & market economics as it ignores major structural reasons behind communitarian violence. Interstate wars have been replaced by intrastate conflict in the contemporary era. Peace settlements are aimed at providing a fertile ground for capital investment & subsequent capital accumulations, following the US model. Neoliberal peace, however, creates the illusion of political stability & promises of economic prosperity without offering any real social reconciliation. It is argued that a solution that aims at reconciling historical conflicts & restores more just & equitable relationships among people & individuals should be considered. 30 References. T. Noland