Suchergebnisse

Examined is Raul Alfonsin's 1983 election to the Argentine presidency in relation to his country's transition to democracy. The triumph of Alfonsin resulted in a change from an authoritarian to a civilian regime, prompting the armed forces to isolate themselves from civil society. To appease the military, Alfonsin offered to allow the armed forces to purge themselves of their most notorious leaders by bringing them to trial before a military court. The armed forces rejected Alfonsin's offer, sparking not only a military crisis, but also economic & political ones. The military crisis & the electoral defeat of Alfonsin in 1987 ended the democratic transition. Currently, two "historic" parties control politics in Argentina, the Union Civica Radical & the Partido Justicialista. The political platforms of each are discussed, & their prospects for carrying on the transition to democracy are examined. W. Howard

AT MID-TERM, THE BELLICOSE MOMENTUM OF THE REAGAN ADMINISTRATION'S POLICIES TOWARD NICARAGUA, AND TOWARD CENTRAL AMERICA AS A WHOLE, HAS STALLED. THE REACTIONARY IMPULSE BEHIND THESE POLICIES (IN THE SENSE OF AN ATTEMPT TO ROLL BACK CHANGE TO THE STATUS QUO ANTE) HAS NEVER BEEN DISOWNED. TO BE SURE, THE CHARGE THAT THESE POLICIES ARE CRUEL, BECAUSE THEY PERPETUATE AND AUGMENT AVOIDABLE HUMAN SUFFERING IN LITTLE COUNTRIES, DOES NOT DISTURB SELF-RIGHTEOUS OFFICIALS AND ADVISERS; THEIR VALUES HAVE NOT CHANGED. WHAT IS BEGINNING TO GIVE THEM PAUSE IS THEIR OWN INEPTNESS, THE APPEARANCE OF CONSEQUENCES THEY HAD NOT FORESEEN, THE POLITICAL IMPASSE IN WHICH THEY HAVE LANDED.

This book explains the varied political roles played by agrarian and industrial groups in the modernization of Argentina. It seeks to account for the attainment of a high level of social complexity that has not, however, been matched by steady economic growth or political stability. What have been the determinants of economic growth in Argentina? In what sense does its capitalist development differ from that of other advanced societies? Under what conditions has that development taken place? The answers to these questions, states Professor Corradi, are woven into a picture of a society that follows a path flanked by authoritarianism and political disorder.

From their first use in the late 1970s until the mid-1990s, Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) gave rise to serious concerns by feminists internationally. Their questions ranged from asking about health risks to ethical and political problems inherent in these technologies. However, over the last 25 years, interest in women's health which used to be central to feminist theory and politics, progressively decreased and with it concerns about ART. Today, while the medical literature about health risks in ART is increasing, the topic of women's health in relation to reproductive technologies remains marginal in feminist discourse, social sciences, and the mainstream media. On the basis of recent medical studies, published in peer reviewed scientific journals, this article aims to begin filling this gap. The author discusses adverse effects of ART for three groups of people from a feminist perspective: egg providers; surrogate mothers; and children who are born through in vitro fertilization (IVF), heterologous embryo transfer (HET), and surrogacy. Among the numerous health problems are ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS), birth defects, tumours in children, chromosomal damage, and cardiac and metabolic diseases. Serious questions arise about the long-term health of women who undergo repeated hormonal stimulations, sell their egg cells, or "rent" their wombs as surrogate mothers—a process entailing the exploitation of economically vulnerable women. It also addresses some of the ethical issues arising, such as the importance of risk disclosure to potential IVF users, egg providers, surrogate mothers and intended parents; children's right to access all details regarding their genetic origins and their birth mother; and relevant psychosocial problems related to the use of ART. This paper calls for renewed critiques of women's experiences with reproductive technologies so that they can become, yet again, an important part of the feminist movement.