Suchergebnisse

Este artigo pretende investigar o processo de participação da sociedade civil na estruturação da política cultural no município de Lavras (MG), e identificar os principais desafios encontrados para a implementação do Sistema Municipal de Cultura (SMC) e seus elementos estruturantes essenciais: o Conselho, o Plano, e o Fundo de Cultura. Metodologicamente, realizou-se revisão teórica e pesquisa documental sobre o tema, seguida de abordagem qualitativa, sendo os dados primários coletados através de entrevistas realizadas com os atores sociais da área. Concluímos apontando os desafios e os relacionando à participação da sociedade civil como forma de sua superação.

Abstract2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) is a common waste among the resulting chlorophenols generated in the production of common products classified as an extremely toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and highly persistent xenobiotic in the environment. To evaluate the impact of 2,4,6-TCP in aquatic systems, the catfish species Clarias batrachus has been selected to test its toxicity due to its high market value and consumption in India. Here is presented the impact of this compound on different physiological parameters of fish: haematological parameters (haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count and mean corpuscular haemoglobin), biochemical parameters (total serum protein and total serum glucose), growth and reproductive parameters (condition factor, hepatosomatic index, maturity index, specific growth rate, growth hormone, 17β-estradiol and testosterone), exposed to two concentrations of 2,4,6-TCP (0.5 mg/L and 1 mg/L — 1/10th and 1/20th of the LC50) for a period of 15, 30 and 45 days. The results showed that C. batrachus even when exposed to the lower concentration (0.5 mg/L) for the shortest time (15 days) negatively impacted the organism in all the assessed parameters. This was highlighted by the Integrated Biomarker Response index (IBR), showing worse scores for the treatments (up to 20 × worse than the control). This work highlights the importance of continued research on the impact of 2,4,6-TCP, on an important commercial, supported by the high environmental persistence of this compound that can reach the same range of tested concentrations.

This study seeks to analyze the path of the methods used by Spanish teachers in Brazil, from their first mandatory appearance in the curricula, in 1942, to the present day, with the advancement of the Internet and Information and Communication Technologies, in order to understand the relationship between political and economic events and the history of education and curriculum. We seek to understand the reasons that led the Brazilian State to make the study of that language mandatory and reflect on the interference of historical development in the way this foreign language is taught, studying each of the applied teaching methods. ; El estudio presentado busca analizar el recurrido histórico de los métodos utilizados por profesores de español en Brasil, desde su primera aparición de manera obligatoria en los currículos, en 1942, hasta los días actuales, con el avance de la internet y de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación, a fin de entender la relación entre los eventos políticos y económicos y la historia de la educación y de los currículos. Buscamos entender las razones que llevaron el Estado Brasileño a hacer obligatorio el estudio de ese idioma y reflexionamos acerca de la interferencia del desarrollo histórico en la manera como esa lengua extranjera se enseña, estudiando cada uno de los métodos de enseñanza aplicados. ; O estudo apresentado busca analisar o percurso dos métodos utilizados por professores de espanhol no Brasil, desde a sua primeira aparição de forma obrigatória nos currículos, em 1942, até os dias atuais, com o avanço da internet e das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, a fim de entender a relação entre os eventos políticos e econômicos e a história da educação e dos currículos. Buscamos entender os motivos que levaram o Estado Brasileiro a tornar obrigatório o estudo desse idioma e refletimos acerca da interferência do desenvolvimento histórico no modo como essa língua estrangeira é ensinada, estudando, para isso, cada um dos métodos de ensino aplicados.

Resumo Este artigo investiga a influência do alinhamento partidário entre atores políticos das esferas federal e municipal na determinação das transferências voluntárias federais aos municípios, com especial enfoque na identidade partidária entre deputados federais e prefeitos, a partir do indicador de Quociente Locacional de Bendavid-Val. A análise econométrica confirma o efeito positivo e significante dessa identidade partidária, indicando o importante papel desempenhado pelos deputados federais na distribuição partidária de transferências intergovernamentais. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é ir além do tradicional alinhamento entre prefeito e Presidente da República e investigar o papel dos parlamentares federais na distribuição partidárias das transferências voluntárias.

The study discussed in this article assessed the impact of Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE) on the Virginia wine grape industry. An online survey was developed and administered to members of the Virginia Vineyards Association. The results indicate that the resources and recommendations VCE and Virginia Tech have provided have been beneficial to Virginia grape growers, although growers who operate larger farms, produce wine commercially, or have higher levels of viticulture training are less likely to benefit from the relevant programs. Growers operating near where the programs are often delivered and those with higher levels of experience have benefited the most. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee

The purpose of this research was to empirically test the hypothesis that the organizational psychological safety climate and the perception of organizational politics predict the extent to which employees feel engaged in their work. Using hierarchical linear modelling and data collected from 1,244 employees in 64 organizations, organizational level psycho-logical safety climate and employee-level perception of organizational politics predicted employee work engagement. There was also an unexpected significant cross-level interaction so that the negative effect of the perception of organizational politics was amplified in organizations with a positive psychological safety climate. In other words, organizational psychological safety benefits the work engagement of individuals more when they perceive the existence of low organizational politics. The results offer insight into the mechanisms by which the perceived organizational context may influence employees" work engagement and highlight the importance of the perceived organizational consistency in the promotion of work engagement within their organization. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Echo chambers in online social networks, in which users prefer to interact only with ideologically-aligned peers, are believed to facilitate misinformation spreading and contribute to radicalize political discourse. In this paper, we gauge the effects of echo chambers in information spreading phenomena over political communication networks. Mining 12 million Twitter messages, we reconstruct a network in which users interchange opinions related to the impeachment of the former Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff. We define a continuous political leaning parameter, independent of the network's structure, that allows to quantify the presence of echo chambers in the strongly connected component of the network. These are reflected in two well-separated communities of similar sizes with opposite views of the impeachment process. By means of simple spreading models, we show that the capability of users in propagating the content they produce, measured by the associated spreading capacity, strongly depends on their attitude. Users expressing pro-impeachment leanings are capable to transmit information, on average, to a larger audience than users expressing anti-impeachment leanings. Furthermore, the users' spreading capacity is correlated to the diversity, in terms of political position, of the audience reached. Our method can be exploited to identify the presence of echo chambers and their effects across different contexts and shed light upon the mechanisms allowing to break echo chambers. ; Postprint (published version)

Recent (European) comparative studies in the fields of housing policy and spatial planning have been dominated by taxonomical approaches (attempts at categorising systems and temporal stages of state action) and measures of the 'maturity' of national systems. In this paper, we adopt a genealogical perspective and consider (national and local) cultures central to the shaping of policy (differences and convergence). We set out a long-term, in-depth exploration of the planning-housing nexus in Portugal – a case that helps adding nuances to mainstream theorisation – and focus on the Programa Especial de Relojamento (PER; Special Programme for Rehousing), a programme that has had changing roles (from a financial instrument to a core component of policies of urban regeneration) in connection with political and planning cultures changing in time and space. Our goal is contributing to making sense of the intersection between planning cultures in transition and changing housing policy, namely the generalised shift toward regeneration and concurrent retrenchment of state action – and the relation among housing as welfare ('social housing policy') and housing as urban policy ('social policy for housing'). ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Recent European comparative studies in the fields of housing policy and spatial planning have been dominated by taxonomical and linear approaches, and by normative calls for convergence toward systems considered more 'mature' or 'advanced'. In this article, we adopt a genealogical perspective and consider those cultures that are central to the shaping of policy. We set out a long-term exploration of the intersection between spatial planning and housing policy in Portugal and focus on the Special Programme for Rehousing (Programa Especial de Realojamento, PER), a programme that has had changing roles (from a financial instrument to a core component of policies of urban regeneration) in connection with political and planning cultures changing in time and space. In this way, we provide evidence of the limited capacity of taxonomic and linear approaches to describe planning and housing systems undergoing processes of change and, conversely, show the potential of genealogical research. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

ABSTRACT Considering the need for the Brazilian government to develop tools for environmental monitoring for biodiversity conservancy purposes in the national protected areas system, this paper focuses on determining reference site metrics (or baselines) for adapting the Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) based on the fish assemblages in the Pantanal National Park (PNP). The habitats in the PNP were grouped into four categories: main rivers, corixos (channels connecting the floodplain), permanent bays, and temporary bays. Fish samplings were performed at 12 points during the dry season (Oct-Nov 2010 and 2011). 146 fish species were identified from the total 18,954 individuals collected with standardized fishing gear. There was no association between the structure of the fish assemblage and categories, suggesting a theory on homogeneity of habitats. The final IBIPNP consists of nine metrics, most of them were framed in excellent class, some in fair, and none in poor. There was no significant difference in IBIPNP scores between the two sampled years. This approach provides a direct application for wetland management purposes.