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In estimating trade elasticities for Pakistan, most previous researchers have employed non-stationary data and OLS or 2SLS techniques. In this paper we use Johansen's cointegration methodology to re-investigate the long-run trade elasticities and existence of the Marshall-Lerner condition. Using quarterly data, the trade performance with Pakistan's ten major trading partners is empirically tested. Moreover, we also investigate the short-run exchange rate dynamics by constructing an error-corrrection model to trace the j-curve.

The emphasis on enhancing and specialising in technology exports and altering policy environment in Asian economies has been dominant since 2000. The present study is an attempt to empirically investigate the effect of technology exports on enhancing growth of Asian economies during the period 2001 to 2018. To assess the linkages between growth, investments, labour productivity and technology exports, panel least squares with cross section weights is applied for the economies. To assess the relationship between the variables for each individual country ARDL technique is applied. The results indicate long run relationship between low, medium low and medium high technology exports and growth as well as domestic investment and growth. For individual nations, the results indicate varying intensity of technology exports have a different relationship with growth. The results also suggest the need for Government of each nation to enhance its effort on the development of policies which focus on attracting investments and further promoting exports of technology intensive sectors. JEL Codes: F14, F60, O19

JARH, ISSN 2663-192X, is a triple-blind peer review, online Research Journal for Humanities having DOI Link https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4630757. JARH has 3 tier blind i.e. Author, Reviewer and Section Editor peer review process. We send the article for review to 2 out of the country, academically advance, and 1 the same country reviewer (3 reviews per article). We applies 5 star quality review level proceedure. JARH welcomes original and hitherto academic research articles and reviews/reports in the area of Religious Studies, Government & Laws and History initially. علمی و تحقیقی مجلہ "تحقیقاتِ بشریات" آئندہ شمارہ کیلئے تحقیقی مقالات اور کتابوں پر تبصرے بھیجنے پر لکھاریوں کو خوش آمدید کہتا ہے۔ اس سلسلے میں محققین شعبہ حکومت و قانون، تاریخ، مذہبی علوم، سے متعلقہ مقالات و کتابوں پر تبصرے اشاعت کیلئے بھجواسکتے ہیں۔ JARH is administratively under the parent organization, "Bismilah Welfare Organization (R) Pakistan" working since 2002 in the areas of Quality Education and Women's Sustainable Development. It is a registered organization under Voluntary Social Welfare Agencies (Registration & Control) Ordinance 1961 (XLVI of 1961) with the Directorate of Social Welfare Government of the Punjab Pakistan. The journal aims to provide a platform to publish original, academic, quality-based and observing publication ethics manuscripts from all over the globe by academicians, scholars, students and academic managements. JARH provides two types of publications i.e. Articles and Reviews/Reports in Humanities. Academic Research Articles 3/4th part and Book Reviews/International Conference/Seminars/Webinars Proceedings/Abstracts and Periodical Reports in the areas of humanities are published as 1/4th part of an edition. JARH accepts manuscripts in two languages i.e. Urdu and English in APA referencing style. Please feel free to submit your academic manuscripts at https://jarh.lms.net.au/index.php/jarh/about/submissions and contact for guidance at jarh.bwo@gmail.com and jarh@lms.net.au

This study aimed at investigating association between exposure to private news and current affairs TV channels and political socialization of young urban Pakistanis (N=300). Exposure to private news TV channels along with state-controlled news TV channels, public and private news radio channels, newspapers, weekly and monthly magazines and social media (Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp) was measured. Political socialization was operationalized as political interest, internal political efficacy and political participation (electoral and non-electoral). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive analysis revealed that private TV news channels were the dominant source of political information for the participants of the study. In inferential analysis, news consumption variables of each medium, was separately regressed with political interest, internal political efficacy and political participation. The findings revealed that among all the sources of news and current affairs, exposure only to private news TV channels were positively associated with political interest, internal political efficacy, and non-electoral political participation. Exposure to news and current affairs on any medium had no association with electoral (voting) participation of the respondents. ; Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen der Nutzung privater Fernsehnachrichtenprogramme und der politischen Sozialisation junger pakistanischer Menschen im urbanen Umfeld (N=300). Die Nutzung dieser privaten Fernsehnachrichtenkanäle wurde gemeinsam mit der Nutzung staatlicher und privater Nachrichtenradioprogramme, Zeitungen, Wochen- und Monatsmagazinen sowie sozialer Medien (Facebook, Twitter und WhatsApp) erhoben. Politische Sozialisation wurde operationalisiert als politisches Interesse, innenpolitische Wirksamkeit und politische Partizipation (Wahl und Nicht-Wahl). Die Daten wurden sowohl deskriptiv als auch mit Hilfe von Inferenzstatistik ausgewertet. Die deskriptive Analyse ergab, dass sich ...

Dr. Alam is an Assistant Professor working on SDG Reforms through Islamic Etymology at Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi with 25 years teaching, research and managerial experience. He developed "Dr. Alam's Community Model" comprises Educational, Financial, Political, Ethical and HR management modules. He completed 2 HEC funded research projects, presented 17 papers, participated in 12 International conferences, visited 12 countries, arranged 1 national conference & 5 seminars and wrote 03 books. His 12 papers have been published. Recently, he was honored to chair a conference session in Oxford University Oxford. His research interests are "Ethical Training Laboratories", Daily Finance Distribution System", "Education Framework for Future", "Migrants' Rehabilitation Policy", "Electoral System" and "One World One Constitution".

This study aims to describe the effect of service quality on students' satisfaction. The study used a sample of respondents from university students in Hail, Saudi Arabia, and the data were collected through questionnaire. Descriptive and regression analysis were used to find out the relationship between students satisfaction and service quality. This study concluded that there is a significant effect of tangible, reliability on students' satisfaction at university in Hail state. Moreover, there is a difference in service quality of higher educations managed by government and those managed by a foundation (private). Also, there is a difference between students satisfaction in public and private universities. Based on the findings, it is suggested that the government needs to pay more attention to increase service quality for the satisfaction of students, which will develop the public interest to go to university.

Marketing plays a vital role to determine the need and demand of different commodities produced by farmers. It develops a link between sellers and buyers of a commodity at a mutually accepted price. It plays an important role in horticultural process by enabling horticulturalists to sell their produce and get associated privileges in shape of cash and kind. Every crop production in general and cash crops and fruits in particular are weighted and valued on the basis of their market value. Marketing of horticultural product is directly associated with availability of markets besides social and economic status of the cultivators. Marketing of the produce may be carried forward either by directly or indirectly. It is affected by various factors ranging from availability of cold stores and local markets to transportation and commission agent charges besides political environment of that particular region. The reasons which propagate these problems are illiteracy and unawareness of horticulturalists, faulty institutional loan systems and lack of industries and factories for processing of the produce. The present study highlights marketing problems and their impact on orchid farmers in Kashmir.