Suchergebnisse

"The UK has generally leaned towards intergovernmental rather than supranational relations despite the significant restrictions on their sovereignty that 47 years of EU membership have entailed. These supranational constraints were not only a cause behind their attempt precisely to 'take back control' but have also been especially present during the process of Britain's withdrawal from the Union. Thus, this book brings together the many valuable lessons the British have left us with concerning the legal and procedural constraints that are placed on an EU Member State's withdrawal and which have also led to a post-Brexit Britain that continues bound by important supranational features that have crossed over from their abandoned membership into their new relationship with the EU"--

The aim of this research is to examine several dimensions of nonwork domains such as nonwork-to-work spillover, work/nonwork conflict, coping strategies, and organizational support for nonwork, and their relationship to withdrawal cognitions. Questionnaires were mailed to all employees of a school district in western Canada. A total of 300 usable questionnaires were returned: a response rate of 42%. The findings show that nonwork domain variables are significantly related to withdrawal cognitions. This was demonstrated mainly in two strong interaction effects between the importance of nonwork and personal coping strategies on the one hand, and between the importance of nonwork and perceived organizational support for nonwork on the other. The two interactions remain significant when two work variables, i.e., organizational commitment and job satisfaction, were entered into the regression as control variables. The paper concludes with proposed directions for future research based on the findings of this present work.

US preparations to protect its troops during the 1991 Persian Gulf war; post-war inspection of Iraq's production and storage facilities; recommendations for international monitoring and control.

Impact of unilateral Soviet withdrawals from Eastern Europe on the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) treaty.

LESS THAN THREE WEEKS AFTER RUSSIA AND UKRAINE SIGNED A NUCLEAR WITHDRAWAL PROTOCOL, RUSSIA ANNOUNCED THAT THE AGREEMENT HAD BEEN ANNULLED. THE RUSSIANS ALLEGED THAT THE UKRAINIANS CHANGED THE WORDING OF THE TEXT AFTER THE DOCUMENT HAD BEEN SIGNED.

The results of the analysis of recent military conflicts convincingly show that the forms and methods of the armed forces application are changing and improving. Scientific and technological progress, the rapid development of information technology, the growing role of high-precision weapons, increasing the effectiveness of intelligence, intensive automation of command and control systems change the nature of modern warfare and are having a steady impact on operational arts, including the need to further improve management theory. In modern military conflicts, new trends in the development of an armed warfare have emerged, which affect the construction of the armed forces, the development of forms and methods of their application. At the same time, there are deviations from the classical views on the military operation execution.
The article presents some features of modern conflicts, shows that the main task in modern wars is to gain and maintain information superiority over the enemy through the use of a single information and communication space by the troop's groupings.

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) are involved in neuroadaptation and foster survival of central and peripheral neurons. In this study, we addressed the question whether BDNF and NGF serum concentrations change during subacute alcohol withdrawal in patients with alcohol dependence compared to healthy controls. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Fifteen patients (age 48.6 ± 7 years) and 15 healthy age-matched controls (age 48.8 ± 7 years) participated consecutively in a 2-week withdrawal study. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mean BDNF levels (7.8 ng/ml, IQR = 4.4–10.7 vs. 16.5 ng/ml, IQR = 13.9–25.6; Z = –3.8, p < 0.0001) and NGF levels (5.8 pg/ml, IQR = 3.8–13.0 vs. 18.4 pg/ml, IQR = 10.9–25.1; Z = –2.5, p = 0.012) were significantly decreased in alcohol-dependent subjects when compared to healthy matched controls. NGF concentrations decreased significantly from day 3 to day 14 (Z = –2.36; p = 0.019). Mean BDNF concentrations showed a tendency to increase after withdrawal from day 3 to day 14 (Z = 1.7; p = 0.078). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Decreased NGF and BDNF concentrations in patients suffering from alcohol dependence, which stabilize after physical withdrawal, are in line with withdrawal symptoms and neurological risk factors. In turn, increase of BDNF after acute withdrawal might be connected to neurobiological and behavioral stabilization.

IN FEBRUARY 1990, REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES AND THE SOVIET UNION MADE PROGRESS ON THE START TREATY DURING TALKS IN MOSCOW. IN ADDITION TO START, THE TWO SIDES FOCUSED ON THEIR SEPARATE APPROACHES TO THE ISSUE OF GERMAN UNIFICATION. THEY ALSO DISCUSSED PRESIDENT BUSH'S PROPOSAL FOR DEEPER CUTS IN U.S. AND SOVIET TROOPS IN EUROPE.

1 sheet ([1] p.) ; Caption title. ; Royal arms at head of text; initial letter. ; Intentional blank spaces in text. ; Dated: Given under Our Signet at Edinburgh, the twelfth day of December, and of Our Reign the second year, 1690. ; Signed: Da. Moncreiff, Cls. Sti. Concilii. ; Reproduction of the original in the National Library of Scotland.

The volume of international transfers of major conventional weapons continues to increase. The average annual level for the period 2005-2009 was 22 per cent higher than the annual average for 2000-2004. The United States and Russia remained by far the largest exporters, followed by Germany, France and the United Kingdom. Together these five countries accounted for 76 per cent of the volume of exports for 2005-2009. Although the dominant position of the first-tier suppliers, the USA and Russia, is unlikely to be challenged in the near future, the second-tier of arms suppliers is growing in number. The major recipient region for the period 2005-2009 was Asia and Oceania, followed by Europe and the Middle East. The major recipient countries for 2005-2009 were China, India, South Korea, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Greece. Asian and Middle Eastern countries are expected to remain among the world's largest importers Israel, Singapore and Algeria were not among the 10 largest arms importers for the period 2000-2004 but ranked sixth, seventh and ninth for 2005-2009. Recent arms acquisitions by certain states in Latin America, the Middle East, North Africa and South East Asia suggest that a pattern of reactive arms acquisitions is emerging, that could develop into regional arms races. In recent years concerns have been expressed that regional rivals Algeria and Morocco are engaged in an 'arms race'. SIPRI data shows that the overwhelming majority of arms transfers to North Africa for the period 2005-2009 were destined for Algeria. However, in recent years Morocco has placed significant orders for combat aircraft, missiles and naval vessels. Although it is unlikely that these acquisitions in themselves will lead to conflict, they do not help to improve relations between the two countries. Furthermore, their acquisitions are likely to influence Libyan plans. Iraq continues to rely on the USA for the provision of equipment to rebuild its armed forces, but has also received arms from Russia, Ukraine, Hungary, Italy, Poland and Turkey. Its ambitious procurement plans have been hit by the economic crisis and declining oil prices. Nevertheless, the timetable for the withdrawal of US forces from Iraq lends a sense of urgency to international efforts to provide Iraq with the arms and military equipment it seeks to meet its perceived internal and external security needs. Adapted from the source document.

SOME NATO OFFICIALS HAVE BEEN SURPRISED BY THE EXTENT OF SOVIET WITHDRAWALS FROM EUROPE AND ARE CONCERNED ABOUT THE FATE OF THE SOVIET TANKS, ARMORED VEHICLES, COMBAT AIRCRAFT, AND OTHER CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS. WESTERN OFFICIALS HAVE BEEN DISPATCHED TO THE USSR TO OBTAIN A FULLER ACCOUNTING OF THESE WEAPONS. THE SOVIETS HAVE PROPOSED A NUMBER OF MEASURES TO REASSURE NATO ABOUT THE STATUS OF THE EQUIPMENT.