Suchergebnisse

AbstractUrbanization, racial unrest and rural decline suggest need for joint action at all levels.

International audience ; The W3C's Resource Description Framework (or RDF, in short) is a promising candidate which may deliver many of the original semi-structured data promises: flexible structure, optional schema, and rich, flexible Uniform Resource Identifiers as a basis for information sharing. Moreover, RDF is uniquely positioned to benefit from the efforts of scientific communities studying databases, knowledge representation, and Web technologies. Many RDF data collections are being published, going from scientific data to general-purpose ontologies to open government data, in particular in the Linked Data movement. Managing such large volumes of RDF data is challenging, due to the sheer size, the heterogeneity, and the further complexity brought by RDF reasoning. To tackle the size challenge, dis- tributed storage architectures are needed. Cloud computing is an emerging paradigm massively adopted in many applications for the scalability, fault-tolerance and elasticity features it provides. This tutorial discusses the problems involved in efficiently handling massive amounts of RDF data in a cloud environment. We provide the necessary background, analyze and classify existing solutions, and discuss open problems and perspectives.

International audience ; The W3C's Resource Description Framework (or RDF, in short) is a promising candidate which may deliver many of the original semi-structured data promises: flexible structure, optional schema, and rich, flexible Uniform Resource Identifiers as a basis for information sharing. Moreover, RDF is uniquely positioned to benefit from the efforts of scientific communities studying databases, knowledge representation, and Web technologies. Many RDF data collections are being published, going from scientific data to general-purpose ontologies to open government data, in particular in the Linked Data movement. Managing such large volumes of RDF data is challenging, due to the sheer size, the heterogeneity, and the further complexity brought by RDF reasoning. To tackle the size challenge, dis- tributed storage architectures are needed. Cloud computing is an emerging paradigm massively adopted in many applications for the scalability, fault-tolerance and elasticity features it provides. This tutorial discusses the problems involved in efficiently handling massive amounts of RDF data in a cloud environment. We provide the necessary background, analyze and classify existing solutions, and discuss open problems and perspectives.

International audience ; The W3C's Resource Description Framework (or RDF, in short) is a promising candidate which may deliver many of the original semi-structured data promises: flexible structure, optional schema, and rich, flexible Uniform Resource Identifiers as a basis for information sharing. Moreover, RDF is uniquely positioned to benefit from the efforts of scientific communities studying databases, knowledge representation, and Web technologies. Many RDF data collections are being published, going from scientific data to general-purpose ontologies to open government data, in particular in the Linked Data movement. Managing such large volumes of RDF data is challenging, due to the sheer size, the heterogeneity, and the further complexity brought by RDF reasoning. To tackle the size challenge, dis- tributed storage architectures are needed. Cloud computing is an emerging paradigm massively adopted in many applications for the scalability, fault-tolerance and elasticity features it provides. This tutorial discusses the problems involved in efficiently handling massive amounts of RDF data in a cloud environment. We provide the necessary background, analyze and classify existing solutions, and discuss open problems and perspectives.

International audience ; The W3C's Resource Description Framework (or RDF, in short) is a promising candidate which may deliver many of the original semi-structured data promises: flexible structure, optional schema, and rich, flexible Uniform Resource Identifiers as a basis for information sharing. Moreover, RDF is uniquely positioned to benefit from the efforts of scientific communities studying databases, knowledge representation, and Web technologies. Many RDF data collections are being published, going from scientific data to general-purpose ontologies to open government data, in particular in the Linked Data movement. Managing such large volumes of RDF data is challenging, due to the sheer size, the heterogeneity, and the further complexity brought by RDF reasoning. To tackle the size challenge, dis- tributed storage architectures are needed. Cloud computing is an emerging paradigm massively adopted in many applications for the scalability, fault-tolerance and elasticity features it provides. This tutorial discusses the problems involved in efficiently handling massive amounts of RDF data in a cloud environment. We provide the necessary background, analyze and classify existing solutions, and discuss open problems and perspectives.

Examines three challenges facing the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) & the nature of the alliance's response. Despite NATO's preeminence as the European security organization as well as its recent role & success in peacekeeping in southeastern Europe, it suffers from vulnerabilities, including strained relations with Russia, questions over the military implications of its restructuring, & the renewed the specter of decoupling. Three fundamental challenges face the alliance. First, the challenge of expansion presents the dilemma of which countries to include, & even more problematically, which must be excluded. The necessary exclusion of Serbia & Russia could lead to the division of the continent. Second, a stronger Europe & more balanced Atlantic partnership may actually threaten the western alliance. Third, the alliance must determine how to adapt itself in military terms to the new challenges. Its military intensification must be persuasive for NATO to remain an effective military instrument in the future. The authors argue that challenges outside of the alliance should be the subject of a consolidationist program. Careful & limited relations with Russia, explicit limited further enlargement, & support for those countries that are excluded is the suggested strategy for managing relations to the east & southeast of the alliance. A careful strategy may minimize the challenges to NATO's effectiveness. L. A. Hoffman