Suchergebnisse

This paper describes the context and background of the conference workshop "Social networking tools supporting constructive involvement throughout the policy-cycle". EParticipation initiatives are increasingly applying social networking tools and sites at the interactive core of their participation processes. This paper looks at these objectives in more detail. It begins to identify characteristics of individual projects and types of social networking tools that will need to be explored by practitioners in order to successfully apply social networking tools in their projects. A five stage policy-cycle is used to categorise these projects' relationships with democratic policy processes and intended or possible political impacts.

The paper studies empirically fiscal policies around elections in 25 developing countries as affected by the exchange regime. It is argued that countries with flexible exchange regimes are less likely to engage in expansionary fiscal policies before elections because such policies can result in devaluations and inflation which affects government popularity adversely. The empirical results show that governments indeed try to improve their re-election prospects with the help of expansionary fiscal policies only in countries with fixed exchange rates and adequate reserve levels. For some countries, this raises doubts about the usefulness of fixed exchange rates for stabilizing the macro economy, unless reforms of the institutional framework reduce the scope for election-oriented fiscal expansion.

1. ReValuing care : cycles and connections / Rosie Harding, Ruth Fletcher and Chris Beasley -- 2. Negotiating strangeness on the abortion trail / Ruth Fletcher -- 3. Carrying on by caring with in the shadow of a South African HIV/AIDS global health intervention / Abigail Baim-Lance -- 4. Caring for the homeless : Westminster City Council and anti-homeless bye-laws / Caroline Hunter -- 5. Paths to social caring : researchers consider their journeys to activism / Jenny Baker, Margaret Allen and Maureen Dyer -- 6. Young people who care for a family member with physical or mental health problems : can research better reflect the interests of young careers? / Lester Watson -- 7. Caring at the borders of the human : companion animals and the homeless / Helen Carr -- 8. Care and relationality : supported decision making under the UN CRPD / Rosie Harding -- 9. 'New fathers' and the right to parental leave : is the European Court of Human Rights satisfied with just breadwinning? / Alice Margaria -- 10. Carers as legal subjects / Ann Stewart -- 11. Towards a 'reasonable' level of state support for care? : Constitutionalism, care work and the common good / Olivia Smith -- 12. Terms of endearment : meanings of family in a diverse sample of Australian parents / Clare Bartholomaeus and Damien W. Riggs -- 13. 'It has had quite a lot of reverberations through the family' : reconfiguring relationships through parent with dementia care / Elizabeth Peel -- 14. 'Institutions, they're very straight. My god I hope I don't have to go into a care home' : spatial inequalities anticipated by older lesbians and gay men / Sue Westwood -- 15. Beyond care and vocabularies of altruism : considering sexuality and older people / Chris Beasley.

Relationship between the regulatory policies of the U.S. Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) and the politics of adopting the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978.

This article documents a U.S. Cuban foreign policy cycle that operated in tandem with the presidential electoral cycle between 1992 and 2004. During these post-Cold War years, when Cuba posed no threat to U.S. national security, influential, well-organized Cuban Americans leveraged political contributions and votes to tighten the embargo on travel and trade, especially at the personal level. U.S. presidential candidates, most notably incumbent presidents seeking re-election, responded to their demands with discretionary powers of office. When presidential candidates supported policies that made good electoral sense but conflicted with concerns of state, they subsequently reversed or left unimplemented Cuba initiatives. After describing the logic behind an ethnic electoral policy cycle and U.S. personal embargo policy between 1992 and 2004, this article examines Cuban American voter participation, political and policy preferences, lobbying, political contributions, and the relationship between the ethnic policy and presidential election cycles. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractThis article documents a U.S. Cuban foreign policy cycle that operated in tandem with the presidential electoral cycle between 1992 and 2004. During these post–Cold War years, when Cuba posed no threat to U.S. national security, influential, well-organized Cuban Americans leveraged political contributions and votes to tighten the embargo on travel and trade, especially at the personal level. U.S. presidential candidates, most notably incumbent presidents seeking re-election, responded to their demands with discretionary powers of office. When presidential candidates supported policies that made good electoral sense but conflicted with concerns of state, they subsequently reversed or left unimplemented Cuba initiatives. After describing the logic behind an ethnic electoral policy cycle and U.S. personal embargo policy between 1992 and 2004, this article examines Cuban American voter participation, political and policy preferences, lobbying, political contributions, and the relationship between the ethnic policy and presidential election cycles.

Federal housing policy reveals an unexpected political cycle of Republican innovation and Democratic appropriation. The political trajectory of rental housing vouchers since their inception reveals a partisan policy cycle. Vouchers were originally proposed as a Republican alternative to Democratic public housing construction and slowly emerged as a viable component of housing policy in the United States. In the mid-1990s, a shift occurred in which Democrats embraced vouchers and Republicans retreated from their innovation. This article suggests a partisanship model of policy making that both challenges and supplements conventional models of the policy process.