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In the mid-Victorian era, liberalism was a practical politics: it had a party, it informed legislation, and it had adherents who identified with and expressed it as opinion. It was also the first British political movement to depend more on people than property, and on opinion rather than interest. But how would these subjects of liberal politics actually live liberalism? To answer this question, Elaine Hadley focuses on the key concept of individuation-how it is embodied in politics and daily life and how it is expressed through opinion, discussion and sincerity. These are concerns that have been absent from commentary on the liberal subject. Living Liberalism argues that the properties of liberalism-citizenship, the vote, the candidate, and reform, among others-were developed in response to a chaotic and antagonistic world. In exploring how political liberalism imagined its impact on Victorian society, Hadley reveals an entirely new and unexpected prehistory of our modern liberal politics. A major revisionist account that alters our sense of the trajectory of liberalism, Living Liberalism revises our understanding of the presumption of the liberal subject.

In an investigation of the temporal structure of the effects of economic conditions on voting intentions, it is argued that different specifications will be appropriate depending on how voters receive information on economic conditions. In an examination of national survey data (N not given) on voting in British general elections from 1956 through 1984, the specification used in nearly all previous research -- the geometric distributed lag -- performs less well than alternatives, & the choice significantly affects model stability & the significance of particular independent variables. The results suggest several conclusions about voters' knowledge & rationality, which may be tested with individual-level data. 7 Tables, 27 References. Modified HA

Notes exchanged between Sir Edward Grey and Mr. Page. ; Mode of access: Internet.

[42], 286 p., [1] leaf of plates : ill. ; Variously attributed to John Bristol and John Thornbourgh--NUC pre-1956 imprints. ; This work appears as Wing B4792 (Wing number cancelled on Wing (CD-ROM, 1996)) on reel 1144:21, and as Wing T1042A on reel 1537:42. ; Imperfect: tightly bound, pages stained, with print show-through and loss of print. ; Reproduction of originals in the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus). Library and the Harvard University Library.

At head of title: International labour office, Geneva. 13 October [!] 1920. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Published by His Highness the Lord Protector's special commandment. ; As it was publickly declared at Westminster the 16. day of December 1653. in the pesence of the Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal of England, the Lord Maior and Aldermen of the City of London, divers of the judges of the land, the officers of state and army, and many other persons of quality, at which time and place His highness, Oliver Lord Protector of the said Common-wealth, took a solemn oath for observing the same. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; MU: Pre-1801 imprint.

The present study focuses upon a political, rather than SE, comparison of economic policy making in Great Britain & the Federal Republic of Germany. Responding to the reality of persistent unemployment, policies of both countries have grown similar with Britain moving steadily toward a 'concerted action' approach already adopted by Germany & France. Policy-making processes also resemble each other in terms of the institutional structure & interrelationship of governing bodies. Closer analysis, however, reveals a number of differences in actual functioning within the structure due to the historical & political backgrounds of each country. Federation in Germany, for example, has meant a decentralization of power, leading indirectly to a more equal distribution of employment. In addition, the Bundesbank, unlike the Bank of England, is autonomous & hence, exercises control over governmental inflationary practices. Thirdly, the British Manpower Services Commission is relatively recent & lacks the power & credibility of the Bundesanstalt, its German counterpart. Traditionally, the countries have held differing attitudes regarding employment problems in relation to an overall economic policy. Germany has viewed unemployment as one of many factors influencing economic stability, whereas Britain has considered full employment an economic goal in its own right. Evidence indicates that differences will continue to decrease as Western democracies continue to face unemployment. 4 Figures. P. Hoye.