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AbstractReal‐life decision problems are usually so complex that they cannot be modelled with a single objective function, thus creating a need for clear and efficient techniques for handling multiple criteria to support the decision process. A widely used technique and one commonly taught in general OR/MS courses is goal programming, which is clear and appealing. On the other hand, goal programming is strongly criticized by multiple‐criteria optimization specialists for its non‐compliance with the efficiency (Pareto‐optimality) principle. In this paper we show how the implementation techniques of goal programming can be used to model the reference point method and its extension, aspiration/reservation‐based decision support. Thereby we show a congruence between these approaches and suggest how the GP model with relaxation of some traditional assumptions can be extended to an efficient decision support technique meeting the efficiency principle and other standards of multiobjective optimization theory.

Community-based management of natural resources is a priority in Mozambique's policy on forestry and wildlife resources. In essence the government's policy is to manage the natural resources in partnership with the rural communities and the private sector. This represents a change in policy in the agricultural and natural resources sectors, and has potential for significant impact in economic development. This paper demonstrates the potential for employing goal programming as a planning tool in participatory natural resource management in Mozambique. The focus is on the miombo woodlands which are the main natural forest resources in the country and which most of the local communities, the forestry and tourist industries depend on for a variety of forest products and services.

ABSTRACTThe bank liquidity‐management model presented herein is formulated as a chance‐constrained goal programming model thus allowing uncertainty to be incorporated into a lexicographic solution of the problem. This model plans both for the reserve‐short and reserve‐excess bank, describing appropriate investment or disinvestment action during the computation period. The testing of the model was performed on two banks, one a small rural bank with assets of about $25 million, and the other a large metropolitan bank with assets well in excess of $1 billion, with the actual bank results and the prescribed strategy of the model being compared over a one‐year period. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was performed on the model, providing valuable information concerning the risk‐return relationships associated with each management goal. It is hoped that this model will provide bankers with both an effective diagnostic and operational tool in the development of liquidity‐management planning decisions.

This paper presents a methodology employed in reconciling demands of households, private sector, and government on miombo woodlands of Southern Africa. A Weighted Goal Programming approach is presented for planning management and use of the woodlands as well as a framework for policy analysis. The approach is based on essentially two models, viz., household and private sector models, which are linked into a miombo woodlands model (MIOMBOGP). The MIOMBOGP provides a framework for evaluating the impact, on these two sectors and the woodlands, of some government macro-economic policies as well as some forestry and agricultural sector policies.

[EN] Corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be measured by a number of different criteria, some of which are similar to each other, while others can be manifestly contrary to the general tendency. This means that some companies can obtain a good valuation in some criteria but a bad valuation in others, which makes it difficult to assess the company¿s overall CSR valuation. It is not easy to find a single measure that covers all aspects of corporate social performance. This paper aims to estimate multicriteria CSR performance through different models of goal programming and by taking into account all the dimensions that make up CSR. An illustrative example shows the result of applying these models to a database composed of 212 European companies, which enabled us to identify the most socially responsible group, regardless of the approach considered in the construction of the multicriteria performance. The results show that environmental and corporate governance dimensions are the most important elements in measuring this performance ; García-Martínez, G.; Guijarro, F.; Poyatos-León, JÁ. (2019). Measuring the social responsibility of European companies: a goal programming approach. International Transactions in Operational Research. 26(3). doi:10.1111/itor.12438 ; S ; 26 ; 3

26 3 ; S ; [EN] Corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be measured by a number of different criteria, some of which are similar to each other, while others can be manifestly contrary to the general tendency. This means that some companies can obtain a good valuation in some criteria but a bad valuation in others, which makes it difficult to assess the company¿s overall CSR valuation. It is not easy to find a single measure that covers all aspects of corporate social performance. This paper aims to estimate multicriteria CSR performance through different models of goal programming and by taking into account all the dimensions that make up CSR. An illustrative example shows the result of applying these models to a database composed of 212 European companies, which enabled us to identify the most socially responsible group, regardless of the approach considered in the construction of the multicriteria performance. The results show that environmental and corporate governance dimensions are the most important elements in measuring this performance García-Martínez, G.; Guijarro, F.; Poyatos-León, JÁ. (2019). Measuring the social responsibility of European companies: a goal programming approach. International Transactions in Operational Research. 26(3). doi:10.1111/itor.12438

Forest-energy plantations have been recognized as a possible source of renewable energy throughout the world, but the regional consequences of extensive plantation development have not been considered. In an effort to understand better the trade-offs that exist between economic, environmental, and energy concerns associated with regional development projects, a goal-programming model of forest-energy plantation development in Eastern Ontario, Canada has been developed. The results indicate not only the potential for energy plantations, but the utility in using goal-programming as a resource-assessment tool as well. The method is particularly useful in identifying potential conflicts among regional development goals, and can also address uncertainties with respect to decision priorities and production relationships.

Certain Japanese techniques have been introduced to American management; one of these is quality control circles (QCCs). The intent of this article is to address the managerial aspects of QCCs rather than to explore their internal operation. A goal programming (GP) model is proposed and run with a microcomputer‐based program. The purpose of this model is to evaluate the multiple goals of QCCs and the allocation of available resources for QCC members' activities. This model will assist management in measuring the effectiveness of QCCs in the organisation.