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Describes trends in the dual‐career research literature, which
shows that conflicting demands of home and work are exacerbated when
both partners strive for upward career progression, disadvantaging women
more than men, and adversely affecting their work performance.
Directions for future work in the area are indicated, including more
studies of women managers. Employers have a key role to play in
enhancing both organizational and individual benefits, by acknowledging
the interrelationship between home and work, and the conflicting demands
and loyalties facing dual‐career couples, and adopting innovative and
flexible work options.

Chapter 1. Advances in Chinese Children, Adolescent and Family Research (Moon Law, DSW, Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Ariel Tenenbaum, MD, and Joav Merrick, MD, DMSc, School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Section One: Child and Adolescent Development -- Chapter 2. Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Psycho-Educational Profile (Third Edition) for Children with Developmental Problems (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, and Lu Yu, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 3. The Impacts of a UNICEF Health Promotion Project on Primary Health Care in Western China: A Comprehensive Evaluation at Provincial Level (Yuxue Bi, PhD, Dejian Lai, PhD, and Hong Yan, MD, PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, and others) -- Chapter 4. Materialism in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: Profiles and Socio-Demographic Correlates (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Li Lin, PhD, Andrew MH Siu, PhD, and Britta M. Lee, Department of Applied Social Sciences and Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 5. Materialism and Egocentrism in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: Perceptions of Teachers (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Cecilia Ma, PhD, Andrew MH Siu, PhD, and Britta M. Lee, Department of Applied Social Sciences and Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Section Two: Family environment -- Chapter 6. Family Mealtime Environment and Child Behavior Outcomes in Chinese Preschool Children (Cynthia Leung, PhD, Sandra Tsang, PhD, Sing Kai Lo, PhD, and Ruth Chan, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 7. Families in Transition in Hong Kong: Implications to Family Research and Practice (Janet TY Leung, PhD, and Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 8. Subjective Outcome Evaluation of the Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project in China: View of the Students (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Tak Yan Lee, PhD, Julie Zhu and Lawrence K Ma, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 9. Evaluation of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Mainland China: Views of the Program Implementers in Senior High Schools (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Florence KY Wu, EdD, Rachel Sun and Mengtong Chen, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 10. Evaluation of the Training Program of a Positive Youth Development Program: Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project in China (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Janet TY Leung, PhD, Rachel CF Sun, Mengtong Chen, PhD, and Chi Kin Chung, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 11. Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project in Mainland China: Preliminary Evaluation Findings (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Tak-Yan Lee, PhD, Rachel CF Sun, PhD, Florence KY Wu, EdD, and Janet TY Leung, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 12. Evaluation Findings of Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project Implemented in Junior Secondary Schools: Implementers' Views (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Xiaoqin Zhu, PhD, and Janet TY Leung, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 13. Subjective Outcome Evaluation of the Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project: Views of Senior Secondary School Students (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Rachel CF Sun, Irene Wu, PhD, and Moon YM Law, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 14. Implementation of the Tin Ka Pin Project in Two Chinese Cities: Students' Subjective Outcome Evaluation (Lu Yu, PhD, and Esther YW Shek, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 15. Subjective Outcome Evaluation of a Service Leadership Subject: Findings Based on University Students in Hong Kong (Janet TY Leung, PhD, and Daniel TL Shek, PhD,Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 16. Student Development under a New General Education Program in Hong Kong: A 3-Year Longitudinal Assessment (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Lu Yu, PhD, and Xiaoqin Zhu, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 17. Promotion of Service Leadership Qualities in Chinese University Students: Objective Outcome Evaluation Based on Six Waves of Data (Hildie Leung, PhD, Daniel TL Shek, PhD, and Li Lin, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Section Two: Acknowledgements -- Chapter 18. About the Editors -- Chapter 19. About the Center for Children with Chronic Diseases and Down Syndrome Center Jerusalem, Israel, Department of Pediatrics, Mt Scopus Campus, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel -- Chapter 20. About the Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Hong Kong -- Chapter 21. About the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development -- Chapter 22. About the Book Series "Public health: Practices, Methods and Policies" -- Section Three: Index.

AbstractThe Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research (MCTFR) houses a collection of longitudinal, community-based twin-family and adoptee-family projects that focus on the mental health outcomes of adolescent youth with a special focus on the development of substance use and related behavior disorders. The Minnesota Twin Family Study includes epidemiological investigations of 11- and 17-year-old twins, an examination of 11-year-old twins selected for being at high risk for having a childhood disruptive behavior disorder, and a supplemental registry of young adult twins age 18 years and older who are not enrolled in these longitudinal studies. Also, part of the MCTFR is the Sibling Interaction and Behavior Study, a complementary prospective investigation of adolescent sibling pairs in families with adoptive and biological offspring. MCTFR participants from these various projects are assessed in person and through multiple informants to provide comprehensive coverage of psychological adjustment, mental health, and psychosocial risk/protective factors. Measurement of EEG and autonomic nervous system reactivity is also part of the assessment battery for twin families. This article provides an overview of study design and includes a review of recent MCTFR findings.

AbstractThe Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research (MCTFR) comprises multiple longitudinal, community-representative investigations of twin and adoptive families that focus on psychological adjustment, personality, cognitive ability and brain function, with a special emphasis on substance use and related psychopathology. The MCTFR includes the Minnesota Twin Registry (MTR), a cohort of twins who have completed assessments in middle and older adulthood; the Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS) of twins assessed from childhood and adolescence into middle adulthood; the Enrichment Study (ES) of twins oversampled for high risk for substance-use disorders assessed from childhood into young adulthood; the Adolescent Brain (AdBrain) study, a neuroimaging study of adolescent twins; and the Siblings Interaction and Behavior Study (SIBS), a study of adoptive and nonadoptive families assessed from adolescence into young adulthood. Here we provide a brief overview of key features of these established studies and describe new MCTFR investigations that follow up and expand upon existing studies or recruit and assess new samples, including the MTR Study of Relationships, Personality, and Health (MTR-RPH); the Colorado-Minnesota (COMN) Marijuana Study; the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study; the Colorado Online Twins (CoTwins) study and the Children of Twins (CoT) study.

AbstractObjectiveThis article introduces supervised machine learning (ML) for conducting exploratory, discovery‐oriented family research in a transparent and systematic way.BackgroundSupervised ML can examine large numbers of variable simultaneously, identify key predictors, and explore patterns among predictors—an approach that may help address concerns in family research about lack of theoretical specificity and prevalence of unguided exploratory analysis.MethodFollowing an overview of supervised ML, example analyses drew on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) dataset across Waves I–IV (N = 5114 adolescents, 50.53% female, Mage = 15.94, SD = 1.77 at Wave I). From 143 articles using Add Health data Waves I through IV, 62 adolescent family variables from eight domains (e.g., socioeconomics, parenting, health) were identified as predictors of young adult (ages 24–32) educational attainment. Following benchmark regression models, ML models were trained using Lasso regression, decision tree, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting; these were tested separately from training data and interpreted through SHapley Additive exPlanations.ResultsThe random forest model performed best (R2 = .382 for the model with all the predictors): 14 variables were identified to be the key predictors of educational attainment. Patterns among these predictors, including directionality, nonlinearity and interactions emerged.ConclusionsSupervised ML research can be used to inform further confirmatory analyses and advance theory.

Based on the authors' experiences conducting family research using varied methodological and conceptual approaches, the intent of this article is to offer practical advice for developing a successful research proposal that builds on existing work and makes a compelling case for the investigator's family focus, study design, and analytic approach. The article highlights key challenges unique to family research and offers suggestions and strategies for addressing the challenges.

The Methods and Methodologies of Qualitative Family Research can provide you with a strong conceptual framework for undertaking qualitative research. As it explores inquiry and theory on the cutting edge, it shows how qualitative methodologies can be applied to family life, education, and research. Designed to demonstrate how emerging and established methodologies can advance the understanding of families and direct social change, this book is a major step in assessing the development, progress, and contributions of qualitative inquiry. Packed with useful information and innovative approaches

Background Families in Africa have been undergoing changes recently. The objective of the study was to review published literature on the types, determinants and consequences of family changes in Africa and highlight research gaps in the area.Methods Sixty-nine journals from 1976 to date that were downloaded from databases such as Pub Med, JStor, Google Scholar and Science Direct, and were systematically reviewed.Results There is family transition in Africa due to socio-economic factors, religious, health and political changes. Seventy-two percent of the studies employed a quantitative approach, 20% qualitative and 7% mixed method approach. There are research gaps on topics such as same–sex marriages, cohabitation and father only households.Conclusion Families in Africa are responding to socio-economic and other changes that are happening around them. Family research is still under studied in Africa. There is need for more mixed method studies that explain the quantitative findings.

AbstractResearchers have long documented the impact of social inequalities on family life. Most family research has focused on inequalities at the individual and family levels, and extant studies on macro‐level conditions have primarily examined economic conditions and specific family‐focused social policies. Yet, an emerging body of largely conceptual research suggests that structural inequities also have enormous power to shape families. Structural racism, structural sexism, and structural sexual and gender minority oppression, and other forms of structural injustice operate across various levels (macro, meso, and micro) and systems (e.g., educational, economic, political, criminal‐legal, etc.), to influence individuals' social environments and everyday lives in ways that may impact how, when, and where people form families. Structural oppression, moreover, may influence relationship quality, caregiving patterns, child outcomes, and various other aspects of family life. Yet, the consequences of these structural forces for families have not yet been thoroughly examined. In this article, we (1) develop a conceptual framework linking structural oppression to family characteristics and outcomes, (2) outline innovative approaches for conceptualizing and measuring structural oppression and describe how incorporating these approaches can move the field of family science forward, and (3) make several recommendations regarding best practices and fruitful avenues for future research.

In this article, the authors draw from feminist, critical, and multicultural research traditions to identify fundamental assumptions for researching from a feminist-informed, critical, multicultural stance. Core considerations include amplifying marginalized voices, interrogating the politics of knowledge production, ensuring research benefits to those at the center of analysis, attending to culture and context, holding ourselves accountable as researchers for our own multicultural competence, and using diverse methodologies to support social equity. They offer examples of critical multicultural research and argue for the potential of this approach to contribute to a corrective research agenda in the field of family studies.