Suchergebnisse

Understanding the roles and interactions of international cooperation on domestic climate policies / Karsten Neuhoff -- Using intermediate indicators: lessons for climate policy / James Cust -- Policy targets: lessons for effective implementation of climate actions / Sarah Lester, Karsten Neuhoff -- A history of conditionality: lessons for international cooperation on climate policy / Maike Sippel, Karsten Neuhoff -- Brazilian law-carbon transportation policies: opportunities for international support / Haroldo Machado-FIlho -- Policy and regulatory framework for renewable energy and energy efficiency development in Ghana / William Gboney -- Domestic climate policy for the Indian steel sector / Umashankar Sreenivasamurthy -- Climate co-benefit policies for the Indian power sector: domestic drivers and north-south cooperation / Anoop Singh -- Concentrated solar power in South Africa / Kate Grant -- China's wind industry: policy lessons for domestic government interventions and international support / Xiliang Zhang, Shiyan Chang, Ruoshui Wang, Molin Huo -- Twinning: lessons for a south-north climate policy context / Zsuzsanna Pato.

The German government established a funding scheme for local climate policy in 2008. The translation of this programme into climate action varies between municipalities. This article studies the drivers and barriers for the diffusion of the programme among German municipalities. A major aim is to disentangle the diffusion effects across different steps within the policy cycle by employing Event History Analysis and spatial panel autoregressive models. Geographical proximity, party channels and transnational city networks are predictors of the diffusion process. Differences in diffusion effects between policy adoption and substantial policy output indicate that emulation as well as learning influence policy activity. Furthermore, increasing deployment of solar photovoltaic systems in neighbouring municipalities is associated with an intensification of climate policy in the focal municipality. The absence of similar effects for other renewable energy technologies hints at the conditional nature of policy learning with respect to the policy-makers' vote- and policy-seeking behaviour.

Climate change is a global crisis that requires countries to act on both domestic and international levels. This paper examines how climate policies in these two arenas are related and to what extent domestic and international climate ambitions are complementary or disparate. While scholarly work has begun to assess the variation in overall climate policy ambition, only a few studies to date have tried to explain whether internationally ambitious countries are ambitious at home and vice versa. According to the common view, countries that are more ambitious at home can also be expected to be more ambitious abroad. Many scholars, however, portray the relationship instead as disparate, whereby countries need to walk a tightrope between the demands of their domestic constituencies on the one hand and international pressures on the other, while preferring the former over the latter. This study uses quantitative methods and employs data from the OECD DAC dataset on climate finance to measure international climate ambitions. Overall, the present work makes two major contributions. First, it provides evidence that international climate financing ambition is complementary to domestic climate ambition. Second, the article identifies the conditional effect of domestic ambition-with regard to responsibility, vulnerability, carbon-intensive industry and economic capacity-on international climate ambition.

This volume was prepared by Julian Dieler while he was working with the Center for Energy, Climate and exhaustible Resources at the Ifo Institute for Economic Research. At the latest since the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 climate policies are permanently on the international policy agenda. And the urgency to find effective and feasible strategies to curb greenhouse gas emissions increases as the carbon budget to reach the 2°C goal will be exhausted in 2045 according to current estimations by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Therefore decision-makers should be provided with thorough knowledge of climate policies and their effects by the scientific community. This thesis contributes to the scientific discourse by analyzing the effectiveness and the development of climate policies. Chapter 1 analyzes the degree of effectiveness of gasoline and diesel taxes in Europe by estimating price and tax elasticities of fuel demand. The price or the tax elasticity is a typical measure to assess the effectiveness of policies which are designed as price mechanisms. Besides the insights into the European motor fuel market the analysis led to the more general finding that anticipation effects have to be taken into account while analyzing the impact of a tax introduction or increase. Chapter 2 makes a further methodological contribution in the area of fuel demand estimation. Especially in case of analyzing micro-data an often encountered problem in demand estimation is the large number of zero-observations which poses problems for standard regression methods. The study which is the basis for Chapter 2 provides alternative empirical methods which constitute a remedy to the problem of zero-observations. Chapter 3 introduces a new climate policy indicator which provides information about the stringency of climate policies in the OECD countries and can serve itself as an input in empirical analyses because of its empirical foundation.

This volume was prepared by Julian Dieler while he was working with the Center for Energy, Climate and exhaustible Resources at the Ifo Institute for Economic Research. At the latest since the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 climate policies are permanently on the international policy agenda. And the urgency to find effective and feasible strategies to curb greenhouse gas emissions increases as the carbon budget to reach the 2°C goal will be exhausted in 2045 according to current estimations by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Therefore decision-makers should be provided with thorough knowledge of climate policies and their effects by the scientific community. This thesis contributes to the scientific discourse by analyzing the effectiveness and the development of climate policies. Chapter 1 analyzes the degree of effectiveness of gasoline and diesel taxes in Europe by estimating price and tax elasticities of fuel demand. The price or the tax elasticity is a typical measure to assess the effectiveness of policies which are designed as price mechanisms. Besides the insights into the European motor fuel market the analysis led to the more general finding that anticipation effects have to be taken into account while analyzing the impact of a tax introduction or increase. Chapter 2 makes a further methodological contribution in the area of fuel demand estimation. Especially in case of analyzing micro-data an often encountered problem in demand estimation is the large number of zero-observations which poses problems for standard regression methods. The study which is the basis for Chapter 2 provides alternative empirical methods which constitute a remedy to the problem of zero-observations. Chapter 3 introduces a new climate policy indicator which provides information about the stringency of climate policies in the OECD countries and can serve itself as an input in empirical analyses because of its empirical foundation.

Abstract Climate change is a global crisis that requires countries to act on both domestic and international levels. This paper examines how climate policies in these two arenas are related and to what extent domestic and international climate ambitions are complementary or disparate. While scholarly work has begun to assess the variation in overall climate policy ambition, only a few studies to date have tried to explain whether internationally ambitious countries are ambitious at home and vice versa . According to the common view, countries that are more ambitious at home can also be expected to be more ambitious abroad. Many scholars, however, portray the relationship instead as disparate, whereby countries need to walk a tightrope between the demands of their domestic constituencies on the one hand and international pressures on the other, while preferring the former over the latter. This study uses quantitative methods and employs data from the OECD DAC dataset on climate finance to measure international climate ambitions. Overall, the present work makes two major contributions. First, it provides evidence that international climate financing ambition is complementary to domestic climate ambition. Second, the article identifies the conditional effect of domestic ambition—with regard to responsibility, vulnerability, carbon-intensive industry and economic capacity—on international climate ambition.

AbstractClimate change is a global crisis that requires countries to act on both domestic and international levels. This paper examines how climate policies in these two arenas are related and to what extent domestic and international climate ambitions are complementary or disparate. While scholarly work has begun to assess the variation in overall climate policy ambition, only a few studies to date have tried to explain whether internationally ambitious countries are ambitious at home and vice versa. According to the common view, countries that are more ambitious at home can also be expected to be more ambitious abroad. Many scholars, however, portray the relationship instead as disparate, whereby countries need to walk a tightrope between the demands of their domestic constituencies on the one hand and international pressures on the other, while preferring the former over the latter. This study uses quantitative methods and employs data from the OECD DAC dataset on climate finance to measure international climate ambitions. Overall, the present work makes two major contributions. First, it provides evidence that international climate financing ambition is complementary to domestic climate ambition. Second, the article identifies the conditional effect of domestic ambition—with regard to responsibility, vulnerability, carbon-intensive industry and economic capacity—on international climate ambition.