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AbstractConstrained Markov decision process (CMDP) is a methodology that has not seen wide applications in the literature, but is a more natural specification for modeling preferences in modern service systems. In this paper we present a general framework for solving two‐class CMDPs. In particular, we show that CMDPs can be solved by using the Lagrangian dual to specify a particular unconstrained problem. If an appropriate Lagrange multiplier can be discerned, structural results can be exploited to solve the original CMDP with the appropriate structure. We show that for two queues in parallel or two queues in series, the framework leads to simple threshold‐like optimal policies. The results in each case are used to develop heuristics for analogous problems with abandonments with applications to health care, call centers, and manufacturing systems. The efficacy of the heuristics is verified in each case via a detailed numerical study.

설명회 자료 : 'Global Green Hub Korea 2019' (2019.9.17-19) ; ㅇ Introduction of P4G Partnership Project / Participation Plan Q&A [Ms. Robyn McGuckin / P4G] ㅇ Introduction of Financial Support Programs, Current Investments in Environment Projects and Future Plans [Mr. Kim Yong Tae / The Export-Import Bank of Korea] ㅇ Centralized Wastewater Management System for Miri City (Malaysia) [Mr. Hamlin Anak Simph / State Government of Sarawak, Malaysia] ㅇ Sihanouk Waste Water Treatment Plant Project (Cambodia) [Mr. Chao Sopheak Phibal / Ministry of Public Works and Transport] ㅇ Waste-to-Energy Project for Baguio City (Philippines) [Engr. Pedro L. Lite Jr. / Philippine National Oil Corporation - Renewables Corporation] ㅇ Supply and Installation of Wastewater Treatment Plants Pump and Blower (Turkey) [Mr. Ramazan Akin / Antalya Water & Waste Water Directorate] ㅇ Gas to Energy Power Plant (UAE) [Mrs. Anita Nouri / Green Energy Solutions & Sustainability LLC] ㅇ Management of Organic Waste in Naucalpan (Mexico) [Mr. Ricardo Gudiño Morales / General Director, Potable water, Sewerage and Sanitation Government of Naucalpan City, Mexico]

359Jurisdiction — Service of process — Foreign State instrumentality — Compliance with procedures for service of process abroad on foreign State instrumentality — Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether service which is not technically correct is sufficient if it has "substantially complied" with the Act — Whether service effective if defendant State instrumentality has actual notice — Burden of proof — The law of the United States

The individual in international law — Extradition — Political offences — Definition of political offence — Importance of the attitude of the government of the requesting State — Bank robbery allegedly designed to raise money for political association — Whether a political offence — Offender tried in a special criminal court under legislation relating to the safety of the State — Whether showing that government of requesting State regarded offence as political — The law of England

The expressive theory of voting needs more specification of the motives for expression if it is not merely to be a theory of noninstrumental voting. Brennan & Hamlin provide such a specification. Unfortunately, using individual US data from the General Social Surveys we find their predictions are contradicted. Nor if other evidence in the literature purported to be evidence of expressive voting actually implied by it. We believe that this is because the reason people express themselves in voting is to signal others. 2 Tables, 16 References. Adapted from the source document.

In a claim for loss of support by the spouse of the deceased breadwinner, the claim will be influenced by the probable remarriage of the surviving spouse. In light of the recent extension of the traditional concept of family and 'husband and wife', the wider term 're-partnering' is suggested, instead of remarriage. If the widow has already entered into a new relationship during the course of the trial, it is taken into account as a proven fact and not as a contingency, according to the theory on compensating advantages. The right to a claim for loss of support is not automatically lost due to the re-partnering. The income and life expectancy of the new partner will be taken into account in calculating the extent of the claim. In three Australian jurisdictions, the Northern Territories, Victoria and Queensland, the legislature has promulgated legislation forbidding the use of remarriage as a contingency deduction in a claim for loss of support, irrespective of whether the re-partnering is a reality or just a probability. In general it can be stated that South African courts tend to over-emphasize the influence of probable re-partnering by a widow. In contrast to this, the manner in which re-partnering as a contingency is handled in Australian case law can be recommended as realistic and appropriate. In the recent decision in De Sales v Ingrilli,1 the High Court of Australia held that in cases where remarriage has not yet occurred, it should only be taken into consideration as part of the 'standard' adjustment (general contingency adjustment) for uncertain future events, and could no longer be applied as a specific contingency, which tends to be higher than the mentioned general contingency adjustment. The court determined that the general contingency adjustment, which incorporated the remarriage of the widow, should only be five percent.