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Dementia is a syndrome that is characterised by the decline of different cognitive abilities. A high rate of deaths and high cost for detection, treatments, and patients care count amongst its consequences. Although there is no cure for dementia, a timely diagnosis helps in obtaining necessary support, appropriate medication, and maintenance, as far as possible, of engagement in intellectual, social, and physical activities. The early detection of Alzheimer Disease (AD) is considered to be of high importance for improving the quality of life of patients and their families. In particular, Virtual Reality (VR) is an expanding tool that can be used in order to assess cognitive abilities while navigating through a Virtual Environment (VE). The paper summarises common AD screening and diagnosis techniques focusing on the latest approaches that are based on Virtual Environments, behaviour analysis, and emotions recognition, aiming to provide more reliable and non-invasive diagnostics at home or in a clinical environment. Furthermore, different AD diagnosis evaluation methods and metrics are presented and discussed together with an overview of the different datasets. ; This work has been funded by the Spanish Government PID2019-104818RB-I00 grant for the MoDeaAS project, supported with Feder funds.

This research aims to improve adherence to dietetic-nutritional treatment using state-of-the-art RGB-D sensor and virtual reality (VR) technology. Recent studies show that adherence to treatment can be improved by using multimedia technologies which impact on the body awareness of patients. However, there are no studies published to date using 3D data and VR technologies for this purpose. This paper describes a system capable of obtaining the complete 3D model of a body with high accuracy and a realistic visualization for 2D and VR devices to be used for studying the effect of 3D technologies on adherence to obesity treatment. ; This work has been partially funded by the Spanish Government TIN2017-89069-R grant supported with Feder funds.

Many complex systems, such as the product life cycle (PLC), can be described in terms of networks, with elements interacting and based on terms of graph theory. In this article, we intend to analyze the PLC from the point of view of network theory and chaos. To do this we will use the Smarta software, developed by our research group (but not yet in a commercial phase), based on network analysis and that allows us to interpret the virtuous circles that the system possesses, and analyze the causalities by observing the plot of existing relationships between the system's attractors. Smarta allows us to manage the uncertainty of whether or not the product is ecological, and to be proactive, in the sense of designing strategies that anticipate it. A case study is the PLC of a smartphone, where Smarta will act as a filter since it will allow us to associate the concepts of ecological and attractor, so that if the product is recyclable an attractor will be found, and if it is not recyclable it will lack attractors. ; This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Economy and Business, Government of Spain under Grant RTI2018-094653-B-C22, in part by the Spanish Research Agency (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) under Grant CloudDriver4Industry TIN2017-89266-R, and in part by the Regional Ministry of Education, Research, Culture, and Sports (Valencian Community) under Grant GV/ 2018//061.

[EN] Civil Aviation Authorities are elaborating a new regulatory framework for the safe operation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). Current proposals are based on the analysis of the specific risks of the operation as well as on the definition of some risk mitigation measures. In order to achieve the target level of safety, we propose increasing the level of automation by providing the on-board system with Automated Contingency Management functions. The aim of the resulting Safe Mission Manager System is to autonomously adapt to contingency events while still achieving mission objectives through the degradation of mission performance. In this paper, we discuss some of the architectural issues in designing this system. The resulting architecture makes a conceptual differentiation between event monitoring, decision-making on a policy for dealing with contingencies and the execution of the corresponding policy. We also discuss how to allocate the different Safe Mission Manager components to a partitioned, Integrated Modular Avionics architecture. Finally, determinism and predictability are key aspects in contingency management due to their overall impact on safety. For this reason, we model and verify the correctness of a contingency management policy using formal methods. ; This work was supported by the Spanish Regional Government "Generalitat Valenciana" under contract ACIF/2016/197. ; Usach Molina, H.; Vila Carbó, JA.; Torens, C.; Adolf, FM. (2018). Architectural Design of a Safe Mission Manager for Unmanned Aircraft Systems. Journal of Systems Architecture. 90:94-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sysarc.2018.09.003 ; S ; 94 ; 108 ; 90

In many classification problems, it is necessary to consider the specific location of an n-dimensional space from which features have been calculated. For example, considering the location of features extracted from specific areas of a two-dimensional space, as an image, could improve the understanding of a scene for a video surveillance system. In the same way, the same features extracted from different locations could mean different actions for a 3D HCI system. In this paper, we present a self-organizing feature map able to preserve the topology of locations of an n-dimensional space in which the vector of features have been extracted. The main contribution is to implicitly preserving the topology of the original space because considering the locations of the extracted features and their topology could ease the solution to certain problems. Specifically, the paper proposes the n-dimensional constrained self-organizing map preserving the input topology (nD-SOM-PINT). Features in adjacent areas of the n-dimensional space, used to extract the feature vectors, are explicitly in adjacent areas of the nD-SOM-PINT constraining the neural network structure and learning. As a study case, the neural network has been instantiate to represent and classify features as trajectories extracted from a sequence of images into a high level of semantic understanding. Experiments have been thoroughly carried out using the CAVIAR datasets (Corridor, Frontal and Inria) taken into account the global behaviour of an individual in order to validate the ability to preserve the topology of the two-dimensional space to obtain high-performance classification for trajectory classification in contrast of non-considering the location of features. Moreover, a brief example has been included to focus on validate the nD-SOM-PINT proposal in other domain than the individual trajectory. Results confirm the high accuracy of the nD-SOM-PINT outperforming previous methods aimed to classify the same datasets. ; This study was supported in part by the University of Alicante, Valencian Government and Spanish government under grants GRE11-01, GV/2013/005 and DPI2013-40534-R.

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39083-3_13 ; Time-triggered and concurrent priority-based scheduling are the two major approaches in use for real-time and embedded systems. Both approaches have their own advantages and drawbacks. On the one hand, priority-based systems facilitate separation of concerns between functional and timing requirements by relying on an underlying real- time operating system that takes all scheduling decisions at run time. But this is at the cost of indeterminism in the exact timing pattern of execution of activities, namely variable release jitter. On the other hand, time-triggered schedules are more intricate to design since all schedul- ing decisions must be taken beforehand in the design phase, but their advantage is determinism and more chances for minimisation of release jitter. In this paper we propose a software architecture that enables the combined and controlled execution of time-triggered plans and priority- scheduled tasks. We also describe the implementation of an Ada library supporting it. Our aim is to take advantage of the best of both ap- proaches by providing jitter-controlled execution of time-triggered tasks (e.g., control tasks), coexisting with a set of priority-scheduled tasks, with less demanding jitter requirements. ; This work has been partly supported by the Spanish Government's project M2C2 (TIN2014-56158-C4-1-P-AR) and the European Commission's project EMC2 (ARTEMIS-JU Call 2013 AIPP-5, Contract 621429). ; Real Sáez, JV.; Sáez Barona, S.; Crespo, A. (2016). Combining Time-Triggered Plans with Priority Scheduled Task Sets. En Reliable Software Technologies – Ada-Europe 2016. Springer. 195-212. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39083-3_13 ; S ; 195 ; 212 ; Liu, C., Layland, J.: Scheduling algorithms for multiprogramming in a hard real-time environment. J. ACM 20(1), 46–61 (1973) ; Martí, P., Fuertes, J., Fohler, G.: Jitter compensation for real-time control systems. In: Real-Time Systems Symposium (2001) ...

Many applications including object reconstruction, robot guidance, and. scene mapping require the registration of multiple views from a scene to generate a complete geometric and appearance model of it. In real situations, transformations between views are unknown and it is necessary to apply expert inference to estimate them. In the last few years, the emergence of low-cost depth-sensing cameras has strengthened the research on this topic, motivating a plethora of new applications. Although they have enough resolution and accuracy for many applications, some situations may not be solved with general state-of-the-art registration methods due to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the resolution of the data provided. The problem of working with low SNR data, in general terms, may appear in any 3D system, then it is necessary to propose novel solutions in this aspect. In this paper, we propose a method, μ-MAR, able to both coarse and fine register sets of 3D points provided by low-cost depth-sensing cameras, despite it is not restricted to these sensors, into a common coordinate system. The method is able to overcome the noisy data problem by means of using a model-based solution of multiplane registration. Specifically, it iteratively registers 3D markers composed by multiple planes extracted from points of multiple views of the scene. As the markers and the object of interest are static in the scenario, the transformations obtained for the markers are applied to the object in order to reconstruct it. Experiments have been performed using synthetic and real data. The synthetic data allows a qualitative and quantitative evaluation by means of visual inspection and Hausdorff distance respectively. The real data experiments show the performance of the proposal using data acquired by a Primesense Carmine RGB-D sensor. The method has been compared to several state-of-the-art methods. The results show the good performance of the μ-MAR to register objects with high accuracy in presence of noisy data outperforming the existing methods. ; This work has been supported by grant University of Alicante projects GRE11-01 and grant Valencian Government GV/2013/005.

This work describes a neural network based architecture that represents and estimates object motion in videos. This architecture addresses multiple computer vision tasks such as image segmentation, object representation or characterization, motion analysis and tracking. The use of a neural network architecture allows for the simultaneous estimation of global and local motion and the representation of deformable objects. This architecture also avoids the problem of finding corresponding features while tracking moving objects. Due to the parallel nature of neural networks, the architecture has been implemented on GPUs that allows the system to meet a set of requirements such as: time constraints management, robustness, high processing speed and re-configurability. Experiments are presented that demonstrate the validity of our architecture to solve problems of mobile agents tracking and motion analysis. ; This work was partially funded by the Spanish Government DPI2013-40534-R grant and Valencian Government GV/2013/005 grant.

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28765-7_67 ; This article presents the experimental work developed to test the viability and to measure the efficiency of an intelligent control distributed architecture. To do this, a simulated navigation scenario of Braitenberg vehicles has been developed. To test the efficiency, the architecture uses the performance as QoS parameter. The measuring of the quality of the navigation is done through the ITAE QoC parameter. Tested scenarios are: an environment without QoS and QoC man-aging, an environment with a relevant message filtering and an environment with a predictive filtering by the type of control. The results obtained show that some of the processing performed in the control nodes can be moved to the middleware to optimize the robot navigation. ; The work described in this article is a part of the coordinated project SIDIRELI: (Distributed Systems with Limited Resources) and COBAMI (Mission-Based Control) Education and Science Department, Spanish Government and European FEDER found. MICINN CICYT: SIDIRELI: DPI2008-06737-C02-01/02, COBAMI: DPI2011-28507-C02-02. ; Poza-Lujan, J.; Posadas-Yagüe, J.; Simó Ten, JE. (2012). Relationship between quality of control and quality of service in mobile robot navigation. En Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence: 9th International Conference. Springer. 557-564. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28765-7_67 ; S ; 557 ; 564 ; Vogel, A., Kerherve, B., von Bochmann, G., Gecsei, J.: Distributed Multimedia and QoS: A Survey. IEEE Multimedia 2(2), 10–19 (1995) ; Crawley, E., Nair, R., Rajagopalan, B.: RFC 2386: A Framework for QoS-based Routing in the Internet. IETF Internet Draft, 1–37 (1998) ; Bradner, S.: RFC 2026: The Internet Standards Process. IETF Internet Draft, sec.10 (1996) ; Object Management Group (OMG): Data Distribution Service for Real-Time Systems, v1.1. Document formal (April 12, 2005) ; Poza, J.L., Posadas, J.L., Simó, J.E.: QoS-based middleware architecture ...

Efficient message dissemination is of utmost importance to propel the development of useful services and applications in Vehicular ad hoc Networks (VANETs). In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive system that allows each vehicle to automatically adopt the most suitable dissemination scheme in order to fit the warning message delivery policy to each specific situation. Our mechanism uses as input parameters the vehicular density and the topological characteristics of the environment where the vehicles are located, in order to decide which dissemination scheme to use. We compare our proposal with respect to two static dissemination schemes (eMDR and NJL), and three adaptive dissemination systems (UV-CAST, FDPD, and DV-CAST). Simulation results demonstrate that our approach significantly improves upon these solutions, being able to support more efficient warning message dissemination in all situations ranging from low densities with complex maps, to high densities in simple scenarios. In particular, RTAD improves existing approaches in terms of percentage of vehicles informed, while significantly reducing the number of messages sent, thus mitigating broadcast storms. 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ; This work was partially supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain, under Grant TIN2011-27543-C03-01, as well as the Government of Aragon and the European Social Fund (T91 Research Group). ; Sanguesa, JA.; Fogue, M.; Garrido, P.; Martinez, FJ.; Cano Escribá, JC.; Tavares De Araujo Cesariny Calafate, CM.; Manzoni, P. (2015). RTAD: A real-time adaptive dissemination system for VANETs. Computer Communications. 60:53-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2015.01.017 ; S ; 53 ; 70 ; 60

[EN] In this work, an approach based on sliding mode ideas is proposed to satisfy constraints in robot visual servoing. In particular, different types of constraints are defined in order to: fulfill the visibility constraints (camera fieldof-view and occlusions) for the image features of the detected object; to avoid exceeding the joint range limits and maximum joint speeds; and to avoid forbidden areas in the robot workspace. Moreover, another task with low-priority is considered to track the target object. The main advantages of the proposed approach are low computational cost, robustness and fully utilization of the allowed space for the constraints. The applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by simulation results for a simple 2D case and a complex 3D case study. Furthermore, the feasibility and robustness of the proposed approach is substantiated by experimental results using a conventional 6R industrial manipulator. ; This work was supported in part by the Spanish Government under grants BES-2010-038486 and Project DPI2013-42302-R, and the Generalitat Valenciana under grants VALi+d APOSTD/2016/044 and BEST/2017/029. ; Muñoz-Benavent, P.; Gracia Calandin, LI.; Solanes Galbis, JE.; Esparza Peidro, A.; Tornero Montserrat, J. (2018). Robust fulfillment of constraints in robot visual servoing. Control Engineering Practice. 71(1):79-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2017.10.017 ; S ; 79 ; 95 ; 71 ; 1

Paper submitted to the XVIII Conference on Design of Circuits and Integrated Systems (DCIS), Ciudad Real, España, 2003. ; A new conception of flexible calculation that allows us to adjust an operation depending on the available time computation is presented. The proposed arithmetic unit is based on this principle. It contains a control operation module that determines the process time of each calculation. The operation method design uses precalculated data stored in look-up tables, which provide, above all, quality results and systematization in the implementation of low level primitives that set parameters for the processing time. We report an evaluation of the architecture in area, delay and computation error, as well as a suitable implementation in FPGA to validate the design. ; This work is being backed by grant DPI2002-04434-C04-01 from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología of the Spanish Government.

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-012-1184-z ; This paper introduces a new 3D-based surveillance solution for large infrastructures. Our proposal is based on an accurate 3D reconstruction using the rich information obtained from a network of intelligent video-processing nodes. In this manner, if the scenario to cover is modeled in 3D with high precision, it will be possible to locate the detected objects in the virtual representation. Moreover, as an improvement over previous 2D solutions, having the possibility of modifying the view point enables the application to choose the perspective that better suits the current state of the scenario. In this sense, the contextualization of the events detected in a 3D environment can offer a much better understanding of what is happening in the real world and where it is exactly happening. Details of the video processing nodes are given, as well as of the 3D reconstruction tasks performed afterwards. The possibilities of such a system are described and the performance obtained is analyzed. ; This work has been partially supported by the ViCoMo project (ITEA2 project IP08009 funded by the Spanish MICINN with project TSI-020400-2011-57), the Spanish Government (TIN2009-14103-C03-03, DPI2008-06737-C02-01/02 and DPI 2011-28507-C02-02) and European FEDER funds. ; Ripollés Mateu, ÓE.; Simó Ten, JE.; Benet Gilabert, G.; Vivó Hernando, RA. (2014). Smart video sensors for 3D scene reconstruction of large infrastructures. Multimedia Tools and Applications. 73(2):977-993. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-012-1184-z ; S ; 977 ; 993 ; 73 ; 2 ; Atienza-Vanacloig V, Rosell-Ortega J, Andreu-Garcia G, Valiente-Gonzalez J (2008) People and luggage recognition in airport surveillance under real-time constraints. In: 19th international conference on pattern recognition, pp 1–4 ; Cal3D (2011) http://gna.org/projects/cal3d/ . Accessed 19 July 2012 ; Chang F, Chen CJ (2003) A component-labeling algorithm using contour tracing technique. In: 7th ...

© 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. ; As scaling is more and more aggressive, intermittent faults are increasing their importance in current deep submicron complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technologies. This work shows the dependability assessment of a fault-tol- erant computer system against intermittent faults. The applied methodology lies in VHDL-based fault injection, which allows the assessment in early design phases, together with a high level of observability and controllability. The evaluated system is a duplex microcontroller system with cold stand-by sparing. A wide set of intermittent fault models have been injected, and from the simulation traces, coverages and latencies have been measured. Markov models for this system have been generated and some dependability functions, such as reliability and safety, have been calculated. From these results, some enhancements of detection and recovery mechanisms have been suggested. The methodology presented is general to any fault-tolerant computer system. ; This work was supported in part by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia under the Research Project SP20120806, and in part by the Spanish Government under the Research Project TIN2012-38308-C02-01. Associate Editor: J. Shortle. ; Gil Tomás, DA.; Gracia Morán, J.; Baraza Calvo, JC.; Saiz Adalid, LJ.; Gil Vicente, PJ. (2016). Injecting Intermittent Faults for the Dependability Assessment of a Fault-Tolerant Microcomputer System. IEEE Transactions on Reliability. 65(2):648-661. https://doi.org/10.1109/TR.2015.2484058 ; S ; 648 ; 661 ; 65 ; 2

This is an author's accepted manuscript of an article published in: "Applied Economics Letters"; Volume 21, Issue 6, 2014; copyright Taylor & Francis; available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2013.864032 ; [EN] This article identifies the web technologies adoption pattern of agri-food industries considering a set of characteristics which include location, economic performance and previous history of adopting innovations. Our main results highlight that, together with certain firm characteristics, rural locations act as an accelerator for the adoption of web technology, compared to the slower adoption rate in urban areas. ; The authors are grateful for the support received from the Universitat Politècnica de València, (PAID-06-12) ; Doménech I De Soria, J.; Martinez Gómez, VD.; Mas Verdú, F. (2014). Location and Adoption of ICT Innovations in the agri-food industry. Applied Economics Letters. 21(6):421-424. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2013.864032 ; S ; 421 ; 424 ; 21 ; 6