Suchergebnisse

Intro -- GLOBAL AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES RESEARCH SPENDING TRENDS AND CHANGING MARKET STRUCTURES -- GLOBAL AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES RESEARCH SPENDING TRENDS AND CHANGING MARKET STRUCTURES -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 RESEARCH INVESTMENTS AND MARKET STRUCTURE IN THE FOOD PROCESSING, AGRICULTURAL INPUT, AND BIOFUEL INDUSTRIES WORLDWIDE* -- ABSTRACT -- SUMMARY -- What Is the Issue? -- What Did the Study Find? -- How Was the Study Conducted? -- RESEARCH INVESTMENTS AND MARKET STRUCTURE IN THE FOOD PROCESSING, AGRICULTURAL INPUT, AND BIOFUEL INDUSTRIES WORLDWIDE: SYNTHESIS OF RESULTS -- Objectives and Methods of Study -- Private-Sector R&D Investment in Agriculture, Food, and Biofuel -- R&D Spending over Time -- R&D Spending by Region and for Selected Countries -- Market Size and Private Food and Agricultural R&D -- Global Demand for Agricultural Inputs -- Price Trends for Some Agricultural Inputs -- Market Structure and R&D in Agricultural Input Industries -- Changes in Industry Concentration and R&D Intensity over Time -- R&D Spending by Firm Size -- Globalization of Private Agricultural R&D -- References -- PRIVATE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOR CROP GENETIC IMPROVEMENT -- Global Market for Crop Seed -- Seed by Sector of Origin -- Seed Markets by Region and Commodity -- The Market for Crop Genetic Traits -- Structure of the Global Seed Industry -- Seed Company Market Structure in 2009 -- Changes in the Structure of the Global Seed Industry -- Changes in Concentration in the Global Seed Market -- Agricultural Biotechnology and the Seed Industry -- Small and Medium-Size Biotechnology Companies -- Large Seed Companies and the Big 6 -- Trends in Private R&D Investment and Innovation in Crop Genetic Improvement -- Research Spending by Private Seed and Crop Biotechnology Companies -- Ownership Concentration in Crop Biotechnology Innovations

Cassava is seen as a very strong food security crop in Nigeria. The processing of cassava through the use of cassava processing machines needs to be encouraged among cassava processors in order to boost cassava processing operations in Nigeria. A lot of foreign exchange could be earned through the export of cassava products. A National Mechanization survey exercise was carried out in April 2018 by the National Centre for Agricultural Mechanization (NCAM), Ilorin in Ogun State to investigate the present level of agricultural mechanization available for cassava processing operations. The stratified sampling technique was used for conducting the survey exercise in the State. Survey results revealed for the nine (9) cassava processing operations involved showed that cassava washing operation was 100% manually done in all the cassava processing units visited in the State. A total of 58.19% was recorded for manual processing method for the nine (9) processing operations involved for cassava. It was also noted that a total of 31.39% was recorded for mechanical processing method for the seven (7) cassava processing operations involved as grating, dewatering, drying and milling operations contributed to this figure. A lot needs to be done by the Ogun State government in supporting cassava processors in the area of increasing the number of cassava processing machines needed for boosting cassava processing operations in the State.

Cassava is a crop that is attached to many importance in Nigeria. The present administration of the Buhari-Osinbajo led government has shown great willingness to diversify the nation's economy in which agriculture is one of the sectors considered for this diversification of the economy. Processing of cassava calls for great attention considering the deteriorating nature of the crop after been harvested for 2 – 3 days. For this reason, the National Centre for Agricultural Mechanization (NCAM), Ilorin in April 2018 conducted a National Mechanization survey exercise in Oyo State to find out the present level of agricultural mechanization available for cassava processing operation so as to know which area of the processing operation aspect of cassava that calls for urgent attention in the State. The stratified sampling technique was used for conducting the survey exercise in the State. Survey results revealed for the nine (9) cassava processing operations involved showed that cassava peeling and washing operations were almost dominated by manual processing method in all the cassava processing units visited in the State. A total of 65.20% was recorded for manual processing method for the nine (9) processing operations involved for cassava. It was also noted that a total of 20% was recorded for mechanical processing method for the nine (9) cassava processing operations involved as grating, dewatering and milling operations contributed to this figure. This 20% value obtained for machine involvement for the processing of cassava in the State calls for urgent attention of the Oyo State government to increase the number of cassava processing machines used for the processing operations of cassava in the State. Cassava processors in the State should be encouraged by the State government through the provision of loan facility in which they can use to procure cassava processing machines for use in boosting their cassava processing operations.

Cassava is seen among the common crops grown in Nigeria. This nation can make a lot of foreign exchange from cassava through the export of its finished products. The National Centre for Agricultural Mechanization (NCAM), Ilorin in April 2018 conducted a National Mechanization survey exercise in Ekiti State purposely to investigate the present level of agricultural mechanization available for cassava processing operations. The stratified sampling technique was used for conducting the survey exercise in the State. Survey results revealed for the nine (9) cassava processing operations involved showed that cassava peeling and washing operations were 100% dominated by manual processing method in all the cassava processing units visited in the State. A total of 68.96% was recorded for manual processing method for the nine (9) processing operations involved for cassava. It was also noted that a total of 20.31% was recorded for mechanical processing method for the six (6) cassava processing operations involved as grating, dewatering and milling operations contributed to this figure. Cassava became an important crop almost grown in all parts of Nigeria as the Federal Government of Nigeria showed great interest in promoting the export of cassava chips to China and also the inclusion of 10% of cassava flour with 90% of wheat flour in the making of bread. Because of the importance of this crop to the Nigerian economy, the Ekiti State government is advised to assist cassava processors in their State with loan facility they can use to procure cassava processing machines for use in their various organizations in boosting cassava processing operations in Ekiti State of Nigeria.

Burma's agricultural sector is overviewed. The major objectives of the project, to be implemented by the Agricultural and Farm Produce Trade Corporation (AFPTC) over a five to nine year period are to increase export earnings from the rice sector, reduce the projected national rice milling deficit and establish an institutional capability for a long-term mill rehabilitation program. Export earnings would be increased through an investment program aimed at: 1) improving quality and grade composition of milled rice; 2) reducing losses during grain storage. A reduction in the national milling deficit would be accomplished through construction of new rice mills and the upgrading and expansion of existing rice mill capacity. (Econom. Voorl.dienst)

Modern farming practices involve more stakeholders in the supply chain, presenting issues of storage, transportation, and distribution prior to reaching the consumer. This increasing complexity in food production chains creates more points for introducing microorganism contamination of crops, livestock, and aquatic organisms. Managing Food Safety Risks in the Agri-Food Industries addresses existing and emerging risks in the primary agri-food sectors and discusses ways to manage, reduce, or prevent these risks from occurring.Following a short introduction, the authors examine