Suchergebnisse

The author has carried out the research of one of the mandatory elements of corpus delicti under the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine – its object. In the course of its analysis, the author has considered general classification of objects of a crime generally adopted in the doctrine of criminal law of Ukraine (depending on the degree of generalization of the social relations protected by the criminal law, which are the objects of various crimes) into general, generic, specific and direct ones. The concept and essence of general, generic, specific and direct objects of a crime under the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, are determined on the basis of views on the object from the standpoint of the theory of social relations. It has been emphasized that general, generic, specific and direct objects of a crime under the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine constitute a system, that is, they are not just a simple set, but are in interdependence. The link element through which the system of objects of this crime is formed is defined as the general sphere of social activity, where the mentioned social relations arise, develop and operate, namely, the national security of Ukraine. Thus, all social relations, which are put under the protection of Section XIV of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, arise and function in general in order to safeguard the interests of Ukraine's national security. Generic object of a crime under the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, has been defined as social relations existing with regard to the security of state secrets and official information gathered in the course of operative and search, counter-intelligence activities, in the field of the country defense, as well as the security of the state border of Ukraine and military security in terms of providing draft call and mobilization. Accordingly, the specific object of this crime is more narrow range of specific social relations that are associated with ensuring the state of information security. It was formulated as social relations that exist with regard to the security of state secrets and official information gathered in the process of operative and search, counter-intelligence activities, in the field of the country defense. The direct object of a criminal act under the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, was admitted as social relations that exist with regard to the security of official information gathered in the process of operative and search, counter-intelligence activities, in the field of the country defense. The author has revealed the systemic nature of interrelations between the generic, specific and the direct object of a crime, stipulated by the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. ; Проведено дослідження одного з обов'язкових елементів складу злочину, передбаченого ст.330 КК України, – його об'єкта. На підставі кримінальної теорії суспільних відносин охарактеризовано родовий, видовий та безпосередній об'єкти цього злочину, розкрито системний характер взаємозв'язків між ними. Визначено зв'язуючий елемент, через який формується система об'єктів злочину, передбаченого ст.330 КК України. Таким зв'язуючим елементом названо загальну сферу суспільної діяльності – національну безпеку України, де згадані суспільні відносини виникають, розвиваються та функціонують.

This work was supported in part by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) under Project 600849, in part by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) under Project TEC2016-80815-P (AEI/FEDER, UE) and Project TEC2015-72110-EXP (AEI), and in part by the Gobierno del Principado de Asturias (PCTI) and FEDER under Project IDI/2016/000372, Project IDI/2017/000083, and Project IDI/2018/000191.

The new rise of Babylon is reported and its domination of the old world is described; when two dynasties ruled Neo- Babylonia from 612 BC to 330 BC. First, the Chaldeans had taken over from the Assyrians whom they had defeated and established their empire, which lasted for 77 years followed by the Achaemenid dynasty, which was to rule Babylonia for the remaining period as part of their empire. Out of the 77 years of the Chaldean period king, Nebuchadnezzar II ruled for 43 years, which were full of military achievements and construction works and organization. Apart from extending the borders of the empire, he had managed to construct large-scale hydraulic works which were intended for irrigation, navigation and even for defensive purposes. He excavated, re-excavated, and maintained four large feeder canals taking off from the Euphrates, which served the agriculture in the whole area between the Euphrates and the Tigris in the middle and lower Euphrates regions. Moreover, he was concerned with flood protection and so he constructed one large reservoir near Sippar at 60 km north of Babylon to be filled by the Euphrates excess water during floods and to be returned back to the river during low flow season in summer. His works involved river training projects, so he trained the Euphrates by digging artificial meanders to reduce the velocity of the flow and improving navigation and allow the construction of the canal intakes in a less turbulent flows. It seems also that he had diverted the river during the building of Babylon Bridge and trained the Euphrates River penetrating Babylon by constructing riverside revetments. Nebuchadnezzar II had the foresight for building extensive defensive fortifications to secure the country against possible enemy attacks from the north and adding to the walls and fortifications deep moats filled with water for higher security. This was the case with the wall he built north of Sippar. It extended over the whole distance between the two rivers, and the wall around Sippar itself. Similarly, he had dug a great moat alongside the wall of Babylon, which he supplied with water from the Euphrates. Moreover, he had introduced improvements on the four large feeder canals and the extensive canal networks that belonged to them to be used as water barriers against the advance of any enemy troops. Building temples and grand royal palaces and the Babylon Bridge took part of Nebuchadnezzar's attention and his name was linked with the "Babylon Hanging Gardens", one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, which he had built to please his wife. Description of the gardens according to historians is given in this book in addition to reporting the results of archeological digging of the supposed site, which can shed light on the irrigation method used to irrigate these elevated gardens. The flourishing agriculture and wealth and prosperity it had brought to Babylon during Nebuchadnezzar's reign is described in details, and the active trading and commercial dealing it had generated is also treated. The first banking services in history related to this period, which was linked to one Jewish family known as "House of Êigibi" is described. This family continued to serve for very long time by collecting the land rents and water taxes for canals use for the government, in addition to concluding contracts and ratifying transactions for the public. As bankers, they gave farmers loans to invest in all types of agrarian operations and practiced money transfers between various cities which helped trading especially with large scale export and imports of the various crops. The Chaldeans rule of Babylon came to an end in 539 BC when Babylon fell to the Achaemenids attacks that were already established in Persia led by Cyrus II. Babylon, however, kept a special position between the various capitols of this empire due to its splendor and wealth. It served therefore as the economical capitol and the winter residence of the kings Achaemenid Empire for most of this period while its agriculture continued to generate a great portion of the empire's revenue. The archive gave us information on the agrarian relations and the agricultural outputs in Babylonia at that period. During the Achaemenid times, as it was the case during the Chaldean times, irrigation systems in Babylonia were kept under close observation and good maintenance which kept agriculture at its best. The inevitable decline of this empire came in the end due to the rule of weak kings, conspiracies and palace intrigues, and finally the bitter defeat came on the hands of Alexander the Great who entered Babylon in 331 BC and kept it as the Jewel of his new empire. ; Validerad;2020;Nivå 1;2020-04-24 (alebob)

Abstract
Using the world of the show, Futurama, this poster will give an overview of the significant do's and don'ts from the perspective of an Occupational Hygienist, with a view to prolonging worker health and avoiding unnecessary exposure to risks, injuries, and illnesses.