Suchergebnisse

This article tries to reconstruct and clarify some of the causes and consequences of the climate of emancipation that, as it happened in other areas of Spanish society, seized psychiatric discourses and practices in the final years of General Franco's dictatorship. In this way, the crystallization of a new sensibility towards the situation of people affected by mental disorders, the increasing professional demands of participation and involvement in the management of institutions and the efforts to implement more horizontal therapeutic interventions are interpreted in the framework of the emergence of a more active, assertive and inclusive civic consciousness. Taking into account the severe restriction of political rights and the repressive measures with which the regime finally faced all this wave of psychiatric dissent, the paper offers a brief final reflection on the scarce compatibility of the culture of community mental health with authoritarian sociopolitical environments and on the inevitable disenchantment caused later by the effective implementation of the processes of deinstitutionalization and psychiatric reform. ; El presente artículo trata de reconstruir y esclarecer algunas de las causas y consecuencias del clima de efervescencia emancipatoria que, como en otros ámbitos de la sociedad española, se apoderó de los discursos y las prácticas psiquiátricas en los años finales de la dictadura franquista. De este modo, la cristalización de una nueva sensibilidad hacia la situación de las personas afectadas por trastornos mentales, las crecientes exigencias de participación de los profesionales en la gestión de las instituciones y los esfuerzos por implementar un trato más horizontal con los pacientes se interpretan en el marco de la irrupción de una conciencia ciudadana más activa, asertiva e inclusiva. Teniendo en cuenta la severa restricción de derechos políticos y las medidas represivas con las que el régimen se enfrentó finalmente a la disidencia psiquiátrica, se concluye con una breve reflexión sobre el difícil encaje de la cultura de la salud mental comunitaria con entornos sociopolíticos autoritarios y el inevitable desencanto que hubo de provocar posteriormente la implementación efectiva de los procesos de desinstitucionalización y reforma psiquiátrica.

The article deals with the implementation of inclusive education in Ukraine in the context of its integration into the European educational space. The list of legislative and normative bases (international and national levels), which regulate this process, is given. The relevance of studying foreign experience on the research problem, primarily countries that are exemplary in the context of the realization of inclusion to the educational field, is substantiated. The article aims at revealing the peculiarities of the implementation of inclusive education in the Scandinavian countries (on the example of Finland, Sweden and Norway). Theoretical analysis of the problem of implementation of inclusive education in the Scandinavian countries is presented. In particular, the stages of origin and development of inclusion and inclusive education. The features of its implementation in today's conditions are described. The general trends that characterize education systems in Finland, Norway and Sweden in the context of their inclusiveness are revealed: a) understanding the concept of "inclusion" in the broad sense, which takes into account various characteristics (gender, age, disability, place of residence, ethnic and social origin, etc.); b) partial or total deinstitutionalization of special education institutions and integration of all children into general educational institutions; c) a team approach to the realization of inclusive education, etc.Prospects for further scientific research, which relate to the study of foreign experience of the preparation of future teachers for working in the inclusive environment, are outlined. Keywords: inclusion; integration, inclusive education; democratization; educational institutions; children with special educational needs; foreign experience; Scandinavian countries. ; У статті обґрунтовано актуальність дослідження проблеми реалізації інклюзивної освіти в Україні з точки зору її інтеграції до європейського освітнього простору. Подано перелік законодавчої та нормативно-правової бази (міжнародного та національного рівнів), яка регламентує цей процес. Представлено теоретичний аналіз проблеми реалізації інклюзивної освіти у Скандинавських країнах, зокрема описано етапи становлення і розвитку інклюзії та інклюзивної освіти, особливості її реалізації в умовах сьогодення. Виявлено загальні тенденції, які характеризують системи освіти у Скандинавських країнах у контексті їхньої інклюзивності. Ключові слова: інклюзія; інтеграція; інклюзивна освіта; демократизація; заклад освіти; діти з особливими освітніми потребами; закордонний досвід; Скандинавські країни.

Purpose– This paper aims to apply innovation networks (INs) theory to the context of domesticated markets, where innovation triggers deinstitutionalization. In such contexts, the success of INs depends on their capacity to transform the business field in which they are embedded, so that it accommodates innovative business models. Such "institutional INs" beget a meso-level finality, and this poses different requirement on their effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is to confront extant models of collaborative innovation in networks with this specific context to offer exploratory insights into how innovation can be achieved in domesticated contexts and what the differential implications are for network configurations and strategic "reinstitutionalization" practices.Design/methodology/approach– Based on an illustrative embedded case study in the Dutch steel industry, a framework offering indications on the effectiveness of discrete configurational dimensions and their fit with reinstitutionalization practices for institutional INs is suggested. The case builds on 26 semi-structured interviews and 4 focus groups with top managers in the industry. As the aim is to extend theoretical models of INs to this under-researched context, an abductive approach to theorizing, consistent with the extended case method, is adopted.Findings– Findings suggest that collaborating to redesign an institutionalized business field collectively implies a more explicit attention to interdependencies within the business field.Practical implications– Besides suggesting modifications to extant frames regarding heterogeneity in and the configuration of networks, this paper has some practical implications. The framework proposed offers managers some support in the largely ignored issue of developing a collective action network. With these findings, we aspire to stimulate further research into this relevant, yet underdeveloped, topic.Originality/value– The study extends IN theory toward innovation realization in domesticated contexts. In such contexts, IN's success depends on their capacity to transform the business field in which they are embedded, so that it enables innovative ways of creating end-customer value. Besides suggesting a new area for theorizing about innovation networks, institutional innovation networks are also a useful template for institutional innovation and collective action research. The paper offers a framework to support managers in the largely ignored challenge of developing a collective action network. In an increasingly transparent, connected and consolidated business environment, such a challenge becomes ever more essential.

Background A psychiatric disorder influences one's affect, mind and behaviors and psychiatric symptoms, such as disorganized speech, bizarre behaviors, delusion that influence one's motivation, social interest, independence and self-care. Therefore, society stereotypically labels the mentally ill patients as "weak" and "dangerous", a special group to be taken care of, treated and controlled. As a result, asylums and institutions become necessary for the mentally ill patients. Reviewing the asylums and institution period, it was shown that the care and treatment was inhuman and very limited. Starting 1950s', there was a voice criticizing that it violated the patients' human right to keep them in hospital after they had recovered from the acute stage. Consequently, deinstitutionalization and the community care were developed in this period. These policies also led to the consumer movement in 1970s'. Over time, the mental health policy has changed continuously. However, the stigma from society and the consumer movement were still apparent as shown by various patterns. Aims This study explores the core factors of the mental health services through systematic historical review of the recovery movement and mental health policy, and intends to find out the important insight to improve the mental health services in Hong Kong. Methodology This study chooses England as an example since the earliest recovery movement started from England. Before 1997, Hong Kong was a Crown colony, so its mental health policy was influenced by England. This study sets out to review related records and documents, including the literature, journals, government documents, reports, newspapers, yearbooks, files and textbooks. After collecting the information and analyzing the contents, the themes will be integrated to find out the core influence factors of the mental health services. Results After reviewing the overall history of rehabilitation movement in mental health in England and Hong Kong, it is concluded that the development pathway should focus on "Treatment and Care" and "De-stigmatization". Conclusions "Treatment and Care" and "De-stigmatization" are the key influence factors, judging from history of the recovery movement and mental health policy development. Thus, a good mental health service should solve these two problems. ; published_or_final_version ; Psychological Medicine ; Master ; Master of Psychological Medicine

This article puts in context and evaluates the historical and political process of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform. The goal is to provide a brief retrospective and analysis of the management mechanisms that have permitted the Psychiatric Reform to advance. This historic process is divided into three periods: the implementation of deinstitutionalization, the expansion of the psychosocial support network, and the consolidation of the reformist hegemony. It is verified that the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform advances as management mechanisms are created to increase the service network. Nonetheless, consolidating the territorial support network and increasing the resources of the annual mental health care budget of the national health system remain a challenge. ; En este artículo se realiza una contextualización y evaluación crítica del proceso histórico y político de la Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileña. El objetivo es hacer una breve retrospectiva y análisis de los mecanismos de gestión que han posibilitado el avance de la Reforma Psiquiátrica. Este proceso histórico está dividido en tres períodos: la implementación de estrategias de Desinstitucionalización; la expansión de la red de atención psicosocial y la consolidación de la hegemonía reformista. Se verifica que la Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileña avanza en la medida en son creados mecanismos de gestión para ampliar la red de servicios. No obstante, existen aún desafíos para consolidar la red de atención territorial y aumentar recursos del presupuesto anual del Sistema Único de Salud para la Salud Mental. ; Neste artigo é realizada uma contextualização e avaliação crítica do processo histórico e político da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira. O objetivo é fazer uma breve retrospectiva e análise dos mecanismos de gestão que têm possibilitado o avanço da Reforma Psiquiátrica. Este processo histórico é dividido em três períodos: a implementação de estratégias de desinstitucionalização; a expansão da rede de atenção psicossocial e a consolidação da hegemonia reformista. Verifica-se que a Reforma Psiquiátrica no Brasil avança na medida em que mecanismos de gestão são criados para ampliar a rede de serviços. Porém, permanecem desafios para consolidar a rede de atenção territorial e aumentar recursos do orçamento anual do Sistema Único de Saúde para a Saúde Mental.

The social welfare reform recognizes the further development and expansion of daycare center services as an important precondition for deinstitutionalization as one of the key objectives of the reform. Decreasing the number of children and adults in residential institutions, their return to their natural families and preventing institutionalization depend primarily on the support provided at local level to the family for taking care of their family members. Today in Serbia there are 49 daycare centers with 1400 children and persons with disability as beneficiaries. Between 2000 and 2007, thirty seven new daycare centers were established, the total number of beneficiaries more than tripled and the NGO sector became equal with the government sector in service provision. Yet, daycare center services are still not sufficiently developed. In 123 municipalities there are no daycare center services at all and overall these services are significantly less accessible than residential services. Daycare center services consist of both well established and sustainable daycare with significant capacity and also of small, project-based daycare centers that provide services for a few hours and have an uncertain future. The second group consists mostly of daycare centers organized by the NGO sector. The monthly costs of daycare center services per beneficiary in 2007 amounted to 13.750 diners on average. According to the survey findings, for example, the annual costs for running a daycare center service for 20 beneficiaries are between 2 and 6 million dinars depending on the complexity of the provided services and programs. The costs of residential placement are on average higher than the costs in daycare centers. Further development of daycare center services in Serbia requires additional and focused efforts at central level in terms of formulating special financial incentives for underdeveloped municipalities, developing professional capacity at local level, educating local governments, conceptualizing and establishing regulatory mechanisms, exchanging good practice examples, etc. Still, placing non-residential services at the heart of the social welfare system can be expected only after undertaking more profound legislative changes. .

This article presents results of a family reintegration systematization experience of a case of abandonment, whose main objective was to systematize the contribution made by the technical team of the Pueblito La Ternura Foundation, in the intervention of a case of adolescent in a situation of abandonment for reintegration into the extended family. For this, the process of: reconstruction / description, analysis and interpretation, generation of new knowledge and dissemination of what was learned was followed. The project relied on qualitative methodology, from an interpretive ethnographic approach; used the study of documents through psychological and social reports, institutional referral files, reports of home visits and family mapping, among others. Likewise, it made use of strategies aimed at solving the situation of abandonment, adaptation and family reintegration. The most outstanding result is the same systematization of the family reintegration process, arriving, among other aspects, to conclude that interdisciplinary teamwork, supported by government regulations, is successful in accordance with the dynamism and persistent management for the deinstitutionalization of the adolescent and her family reintegration. ; Este artículo presenta los resultados de una experiencia de sistematización de reinserción familiar de un caso de abandono, cuyo objetivo fue sistematizar el aporte realizado por el equipo técnico de la Fundación Pueblito La Ternura en la intervención del caso de una adolescente en situación de abandono, para la reinserción a la familia ampliada. Para ello se siguió el proceso de: reconstrucción/descripción, análisis e interpretación, generación del nuevo conocimiento y difusión de lo aprendido. El proyecto se apoyó en la metodología cualitativa, desde el enfoque etnográfico de tipo interpretativo; utilizó el estudio de documentos a través de informes psicológicos, sociales, fichas de derivación institucional, informes de visitas domiciliarias y mapeo familiar, entre otros. Igualmente, hizo uso de estrategias dirigidas a la resolución de la situación de abandono, de adaptación y de reinserción familiar. El resultado más sobresaliente es la misma sistematización del proceso de reinserción familiar, llegando, entre otros aspectos, a concluir que el trabajo en equipo interdisciplinario, apoyado en la normatividad gubernamental, tiene éxito de acuerdo con el dinamismo y la gestión persistente para la desinstitucionalización de la adolescente y su reinserción familiar.

The transformation of the institutions of marriage, family and parenthood in recent decades in the context of rapid social, economic, cultural and technological innovations worldwide encourages theorists to look for explanations of the nature and direction of the processes that are taking place. American sociologists of the family Stan Knapp and Greg Wurm present a rather promising systematization of the theoretical approaches to changes in the institution of the family. The criteria of approaches according to the authors' typology: relationality – vertical / horizontal, and dimensionality – single / multidimensional. This article's purpose is to reflect on this typology so that Russian researchers go beyond theorizing in the framework of "opposing paradigms of crisis – modernization of the institution of family" disputes, which are more ideological than scientific. The institutional approach is widely represented in the works of classics of foreign and Russian sociology of the family. The classic institutional approach is expanded upon by the works of representatives of the new institutional approach. In the approach of deinstitutionalization, the main emphasis is placed on increasing individual needs, with "family" being a "pure relationship". The diversification approach, which was mentioned among others by the author of this very article in the mid-1990's, seems to be the most constructive from an empirical point of view. The article shows the diversification of the family institution, the spread of new family structures in many countries with references to empirical studies and statistical sources. Knapp and Wurm, the authors of the presented typology, consider the approach of institutional logic in relation to the family to be promising. The main problems of its application are discussed in article. The application of the classical theory of family development, as it was formulated in the 20th century when normative family paths were dominant, is also problematized, together with the lack of Russian longitudinal studies and works that describe modern family life paths. What western sociologists agree on, and what the analysis of Russian studies confirms, are the differences in the models of organizing private life in different social groups, at least among educated and uneducated citizens. Analysis of trends in the prevalence of alternative forms of family life in different social groups allows us to assess the nature of changes in the institutions of marriage and family, either as evolutionary or transformational.

El abordar los procesos de institucionalización y desinstitucionalización motivados por el movimiento feminista es una tarea ingente, pero la confección y devenir de su agenda, en torno al combate contra la violencia de género y la lucha por la igualdad, nos permite atisbar sus objetivos políticos de los últimos treinta años. Situada en el preocupante presente político de ascenso de la ultraderecha, presento la paradoja de un movimiento que nunca ha mostrado mayor pujanza, pero que lo hace en el seno de una constelación política y económica extremadamente hostil. De un lado, el feminismo se ha desarrollado viralmente en un plano horizontal en el que la organización ha sido alérgica a las jerarquías. De otro, ligado a la institucionalización de las políticas de igualdad ha logrado avances, pero también ha cosechado ambivalencias y rechazos. Avanzar en la caracterización del feminismo transnacional y sus agendas desde los años noventa es una tarea de investigación en marcha que no puede dejar de lado la necesidad de articular una respuesta política a la reacción antifeminista en curso ; Approaching the processes of institutionalization and deinstitutionalization motivated by the feminist movement is an enormous task, but the construction and progression of its agenda, around the fight against gender violence and the struggle for equality, allows us to glimpse its political objectives of the last thirty years. Situated in the worrying political present of the rise of the ultra-right, I present the paradox of a movement that has never shown greater strength, but that does so within an extremely hostile political and economic constellation. On the one hand, feminism has developed virally on a horizontal plane in which the organization has been allergic to hierarchies. On the other hand, linked to the institutionalization of equality policies, it has made progress, but it has also harvested ambivalences and rejections. Advancing the characterization of transnational feminism and its agendas since the 1990s is an ongoing research task that cannot ignore the need to articulate a political response to the ongoing anti-feminist reaction ; Este trabajo se inserta en el proyecto "Justicia, ciudadanía y vulnerabilidad. Narrativas de la precariedad y enfoques interseccionales" (FFI2015- 63985-C2-R-1) financiado por el Gobierno de España

The aim of the paper is to point to the forms of social reactions in protection of children without parental care, as well as the reform changes in the system of social protection. The introduction of the paper offers an overview of international and domestic legislation regulating basic rights of parentless children. Furthermore, it also deals with the development of forms of children protection in Serbia and with the relevant practices when children with special needs without parental care are in question. Special part of the paper analyses modern currents and models of the system of social protection both in Serbia and in the world. Through descriptive and critical-analytical approach of key advantages and disadvantages of institutional and family setting the authors of the paper consider the possibilities and limitations of the new model of social protection, as well as the effects of the process of deinstitutionalization and transformation of institutions in Serbia. General conclusion of the authors is that protection and support to children without parental care cannot have desirable effects without necessary changes in the organization of life itself, the way of work with children and contents offered to them within protection both in and out of an institution. ; U ovom radu cilj je da se ukaže na oblike društvenog reagovanja u zaštiti prava dece bez roditeljskog staranja i reformske promene u sistemu socijalne zaštite. U uvodu je pažnja posvećena pregledu međunarodnih i domaćih propisa i dokumenta koji regulišu osnovna prava dece bez roditeljskog staranja. Takođe, dat je kraći osvrt na razvoj oblika zaštite dece u našoj zemlji kao i relevantne prakse kada su u pitanju deca sa teškoćama u razvoju koja su bez roditeljskog staranja. U posebnom delu rada analizirani su savremeni pravci i modeli sistema socijalne zaštite kod nas i u svetu. Kroz deskripitvni i kritičko-analitički pristup ključnih prednosti i nedostataka institucionalnog i porodičnog smeštaja ukazano je na mogućnosti i ograničenja novog modela socijalne zaštite, te efekte procesa deinstitucionalizacije i tranformacije ustanova u našoj sredini. Opšti je zaključak autora da zaštita i podrška deci bez roditeljskog staranja ne može imati željene efekte ukoliko se ne učine neophodne promene u samoj organizaciji života, načinu rada s decom i sadržajima koji im se nude, kako u institucionalnoj, tako i vaninstitucionalnoj zaštiti. .

En renouant le lien entre éthique du care et politique égalitariste, Eva Feder Kittay propose une théorie éthico-politique qui donne l'une des justifications les plus fortes à l'inclusion au contrat social des personnes en situation de handicap et des femmes qui en ont soin. Le modèle d'État-providence du care promu par l'auteure s'appuie cependant sur une vision distributive de la justice de genre qui n'est que partielle. Il ravive l'idéologie familialiste s'appuyant sur une vision romancée de la vie privée et fournit du même coup des munitions aux adeptes néolibéraux de la désinstitutionnalisation. Enfin, il contribue à sceller l'alliance entre les femmes et le foyer à l'heure où le ressac antiféministe se fait le plus vivement ressentir. ; Reestablishing the link between care ethics and egalitarian politics, Eva Feder Kittay proposes a public ethics of care which provides one of the strongest normative justifications to the inclusion, in the social contract, of disabled individuals and of the women who care for them daily. Nonetheless, her model of a « caring welfare state » is based on a distributive conception of gender justice that is, I argue, partial and incomplete. Indeed, Kittay's model revives the familialist ideology anchored in a romanticized vision of home as a heaven in a heartless world, and hence, it unwittingly provides ammunitions to neoliberal advocates of deinstitutionalization. Finally, this model contributes to seal the alliance between women and the home, at a time when antifeminist backlash is most keenly felt. ; Al reanudar el vínculo entre la ética del care y la política igualitaria, la teoría ética-política de Eva Feder Kittay ofrece una de las justificaciones más fuertes para la inclusión de las personas con discapacidad y las mujeres que las cuidan en el contrato social. El modelo de Estado providencia del care promovido por la autora se apoya sin embargo en una visión distributiva de la justicia de género que es sólo parcial. Revive la ideología familiarista basada en una visión romántica de la vida privada y al mismo tiempo proporciona municiones a los partidarios neoliberales de la desinstitucionalización. Por último, ayuda a sellar la alianza entre la mujer y el hogar en un momento en que el oleaje antifeminista se siente con mayor intensidad.

La democracia venezolana, entre 1993 y 2003, ha vivido un agudo proceso de crisis y desinstitucionalización de los partidos políticos. En la actualidad no se observan en el panorama indicios de que este proceso se haya detenido. Pareciera que, por lo pronto, la política venezolana seguirá siendo asunto de lealtades a liderazgos personales más que de identidades partidistas estables. Ni las fuerzas políticas que respaldan al Gobierno, así como tampoco las nuevas que han surgido en oposición, muestran señales de consolidación en tanto partidos políticos autónomos respecto del liderazgo personal de sus fundadores. Además, las viejas organizaciones políticas (como AD y Copei) dan claras señales de decaimiento y, eventualmente, de extinción. En este trabajo se estudia comparativamente el papel que se le asigna a los partidos en las constituciones de 1961 y 1999 con el propósito de mostrar los incentivos institucionales que cada cual contiene a los fines del desarrollo del sistema de partidos. Se muestra cómo el modelo de democracia presente en la Constitución de 1999, estimula un sistema de participación y representación en el que los partidos ocupan un papel casi nulo, como respuesta al modelo de democracia de partidos, diseñado por la Constitución de la República de Venezuela.From party hegemony to a democracy without political partiesAbstractFrom 1993 to 2003, Venezuelan democracy has been subject to an acute crisis and deinstitutionalization process of political parties. At present, there are no indications that this process is reaching an end. In fact, it seems that Venezuelan politics are based on personal leaderships and not on stable party identities. Neither the political forces supporting the government nor those in the emerging opposition show signs of consolidation as autonomous political parties beyond their individual leaders. Furthermore, old political organizations (such as AD and Copei) are evidently showing signs of decay and possible extinction. This study makes a comparative analys is of the role of parties in the constitutions of 1961 and 1999 for the purpose of shedding light on the institutional incentives each contains to develop a party system. The current model of democracy present in the Constitution of 1999 stimulates a system of participation and representationin which parties play a nearly insignificant role, in response to the democratic model of parties included in the Constitution of the Republic of Venezuela.

Resumo: Este artigo carateriza o sistema português de acolhimento familiar, que apresenta uma das taxas mais altas de colocação de crianças em acolhimento residencial, em comparação com outros países europeus. Descreve a sua evolução histórica, o quadro legal em vigor, e o papel dos principais atores envolvidos no processo de acolhimento. Procura, igualmente, identificar os fatores que estão na génese de um sistema de acolhimento que permanece centrado, e até tem reforçado, nos últimos anos, a utilização do acolhimento residencial. Este estudo baseia-se na análise do enquadramento jurídico e político, e destaca, na investigação científica realizada em Portugal, no século XXI, um conjunto de testemunhos de crianças, acolhedores e famílias que interpretam, em primeira pessoa, os avanços, as dificuldades e os desafios associados ao acolhimento. Termina com uma identificação dos desafios que se colocam na prática, e ao decisor político, para se desenvolver um processo de desinstitucionalização bem-sucedido e entre os quais se incluem: (i) a divulgação e promoção da cultura do acolhimento familiar; (ii) a seleção e a formação de novas famílias de acolhimento; (iii) a disponibilização e o aperfeiçoamento da informação que permitam uma efetiva monitorização do sistema; (iv) e a reclassificação dos tipos e modalidades de acolhimento familiar.Palavras-chave: Acolhimento familiar. Portugal. Evidências. Desafios.Abstract: This article characterizes the Portuguese family foster care system, which has one of the highest rates of placement of children in residential care, compared to other European countries. It describes its historical evolution, the legal framework in force, and the role of the main actors involved in this type of family placement. It also seeks to identify the factors that are at the origin of a care system that remains centered, and has even reinforced, in recent years, the use of residential care. This study is based on the analysis of the legal and political framework, and highlights in the scientific research carried out in Portugal in the 21st century a set of testimonies from children, caregivers and families who interpret in first person the advances, difficulties and challenges associated with foster care. It ends with an identification of challenges that are posed in practice, and to the decision maker, to develop a successful deinstitutionalization process, and among which are included (i) the dissemination and promotion of foster care culture; (ii) the selection and training of new fostercare families; (iii) the availability and improvement of information that allows an effective monitoring of the system; (iv) and the reclassification of types and modalities of foster care.Key Words: Foster care. Portugal. Evidence. Challenges.

Descentralización, política de Estado y de gobiernos; es también convergencia de discursos de cualquier tendencia ideológica; su expresión territorial: regiones y municipalidades; la tendencia, reducir el número de regiones como panacea; su expresión administrativa, descentralización funcional y sectorial; su expresión fiscal, transferencias tributarias y monetarias; el problema, que a quince años de práctica descentralista y a noventa de teorización, desde Mariátegui, ninguna de sus expresiones se manifestó en modificación de la estructura productiva, en descentralización económica y en competitividad territorial; ello, pese a la mayor autonomía cedida. Mientras, la globalización necesita de ella y de la democracia para legitimar decisiones soberanas y unir diferencias Norte - Sur, centros - periferias. El procedimiento: levantamiento de datos teóricos, legales, institucionales y comparados; confrontados con la actualidad real. Los resultados: la globalización como unión de polos y diferencias; la competitividad, un concepto centralista y centralizador que sólo halla rival en el concepto de competitividad sistémica de Meyer- Stamer. La tendencia global de agrandar territorios en regiones, contra la tendencia histórica reduccionista; la descentralización por disciplina fiscal incrementó la desinstitucionalización del Estado; la descentralización distributiva de tierras, dinero y funciones sin descentralización económica es poner la carreta delante de los caballos y un remedio peor que la enfermedad. ; Decentralization, state and government policy; it is also the convergence of discourses of any ideological tendency; its territorial expression: regions and municipalities; the trend, reduce the number of regions as panacea; its administrative expression, functional and sectoral decentralization; its fiscal expression, tax and monetary transfers; the problem, that for fifteen years of decentralist practice and ninety years of theorization, since Mariategui, none of its expressions were manifested in a modification of the productive structure, in economic decentralization and in territorial competitiveness; despite the greater autonomy granted. Meanwhile, globalization needs authonomy and democracy to legitimize sovereign decisions and unite differences in North – South, center- peripheries. The procedure: collection of theoretical, legal, institutional and comparative data; confronted with the actual news. The results: globalization as a union of poles and differences; competitiveness, a centralist and centralizing concept that only finds a rival in Meyer-Stamer's concept of systemic competitiveness. The global tendency to enlarge territories in regions, against the reductionist historical tendency; decentralization through fiscal discipline increased the deinstitutionalization of the state; the distributive decentralization of lands, money and functions without economic decentralization is to put the cart before the horses and a remedy worse than the disease.

Las consecuencias del modelo de atención manicomial en salud y sus devastadores efectos subjetivos son evidentes. En este contexto, la finalidad de esta ponencia es dar cuenta de los efectos clínicos de la realización de talleres dentro de los espacios de internación de personas cronificadas en el "manicomio" como parte de una estrategia de abordaje terapéutico en su proceso de desinstitucionalización. Para ello se analizaron los argumentos comunes que fundamentan los talleres de música y palabras como dispositivo y el recorrido de éstos desde el 2012 hasta el 2014, realizados por el "Colectivo de arte, comunicación y salud" con las mujeres internadas en la sala G perteneciente al Servicio de Rehabilitación del Hospital Neuropsiquiátrico "Dr. Alejandro Korn" de la localidad de Melchor Romero, La Plata. Como dispositivo terapéutico grupal generó efectos en las relaciones vinculares entre las participantes y en la dinámica cotidiana del ambiente cohabitado. Habilitó en una espacialidad sin tiempo y de sujetos cosificados, la posibilidad para sus participantes de devenir enunciantes de deseos y derechos desde su singularidad. Sin dudas, el material emergente en cada encuentro constituye un insumo clínico para el resto del equipo interviniente en la planificación intersectorial de estrategias acordes a la ley vigente. ; The flaws of the mental health care model and its devastating effects are apparent. In this context, the aim of this paper is to give an account of the clinical effects of carrying out workshops within the areas of long-stay psychiatric patients as part of a therapeutic approach in the process of deinstitutionalization. For that purpose, we have analyzed: the most common arguments on which words and music workshops are based, their journey from 2012 to 2014, directed by Colectivo de Arte, Comunicación y Salud, and their work with the female inmates in the Rehabilitation Service at the Dr. Alejandro Korn Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Melchor Romero, La Plata. As a therapeutic group work device it changed the relationships among the participants and the daily dynamics of the shared environment. It also allowed them to share their desires and rights, from their own singularities, and in a timeless space of objectified people. The material that arises in every workshop certainly proves to be a clinical supply for the ones who attend the planning of intersectoral strategies in accordance with the legislation in force. ; Mesa de trabajos libres: Psicología Comunitaria ; Facultad de Psicología