Suchergebnisse

Si vous n'êtes romain, soyez digne de l'être". Pendant quinze siècles, ce vers de Corneille a porté l'ambition française : être reconnue comme l'héritière de Rome, de son Etat, de sa langue, de sa manière unique d'assimiler les étrangers - à la fois hautaine et égalitaire - et même de sa façon d'imposer la paix en Europe. Dans son style à la fois documenté, précis et paradoxal, Eric Zemmour raconte cette obsession autour de laquelle s'est tissé notre roman historique national. Philippe Auguste, Louis XIV, Napoléon, Clemenceau croient toucher au but. Mais à chaque fois un croc-en-jambe les fait chuter, tantôt la puissance anglo-saxonne - notre " Carthage " - ou bien la force allemande - notre meilleure élève. A chaque fois aussi, la France s'invente des raisons d'y croire à nouveau, que celles-ci s'appellent les colonies, de Gaulle ou l'Europe. Sauf qu'aujourd'hui la mécanique impériale est cassée. Comme si nous vivions déjà à l'heure de la chute de l'empire, submergés par de nouveaux "barbares"--Cover p. 4

Dimensions -- Structural violence -- Functions -- Innate -- Learnt -- Grievance -- Mobilisation -- Crises -- Hegemony

Nachdem Gewalt lange Zeit in Religionen eine geradezu mythische Stellung hatte, wurde erst allmählich die Vergöttlichung der Gewalt überwunden. Georg Baudler zeigt, wie sich das Verhältnis zur Gewalt in der Religion über die Jahrtausende verändert hat. Von archaischen Opferritualen und gewalttätigen Ursprungsriten reicht der Bogen bis zu ökumenischen Versuchen in der Gegenwart, mit dem Thema Gewalt umzugehen.

"Don't worry, I've got the key" / Guy Halsall -- Laughter and humour in the early Medieval Latin West / Danuta Shanzer -- Humour and the everyday in Byzantium / John Haldon -- The lexicon of abuse, drunkenness and political illegitimacy in the late Roman world / Mark Humphries -- Funny foreigners, laughing with the barbarians in Late Antiquity / Guy Halsall -- Liutprand of Cremona's sense of humour / Ross Balzaretti -- "He never even allowed his white teeth to be bared in laughter" : the politics of humour in the Carolingian Renaissance / Matthew Innes -- Alcuin's Disputatio Pippini and the early Medieval riddle tradition / Martha Bayless -- Laughter after Babel's fall : misunderstandling and miscommunication in the ninth-century West / Paul Kershaw

'The article is concerned with the problem of Early and Medieval royal succession in different circumstances: the death of two of Charlemagne's designated heirs in 810 and 811, the succession of Louis the Pious in 814 and the conflicts between Louis and his sons resulting in Louis's deposition in 833 and the division of the Carolingian Empire. Counterfactuals are employed in the interpretation of the events surrounding and leading up to the central political and legal problems of royal and imperial succession. Asking questions like 'What if. event x would not have taken place?' and - if possible - developing likely and less likely scenarios proves to be a valuable tool of historic research, especially with regard to the Early Middle Ages' grave lack of written sources. The overall effect of a methodic use of counterfactuals in this form is a d-construction or what still may be seen as a 'logical succession' of events.' (author's abstract)

Rezension von: Marko A. Pluns: Die Universität Rostock 1418-1563. Eine Hochschule im Spannungsfeld zwischen Stadt, Landesherren und wendischen Hansestädten. Köln/Weimar/Wien: Böhlau 2007 (581 S.; ISBN 978-3-412-20039-8 ; 64,00 EUR).

Dieser Beitrag tritt dafür ein, den Kontingenzfaktor von Geschichte stärker ins Bewusstsein der Historiker zu rücken. Kontrafaktisches Fragen, so die These, kann helfen, Kontingenz und Kausalität ins Verhältnis zu setzen und kausale und nichtkausale Zusammenhänge besser zu beleuchten, sofern die kontrafaktische Geschichtsschreibung aus ihren Zustand der (Selbst-)Isolation befreit und an andere Ansätze der modernen Geschichtsforschung angeschlossen wird. Die Autorin schlägt vor, kontrafaktisches Fragen in das kulturwissenschaftliche Konzept der 'Verflechtungsgeschichten' von Shalini Randeria zu integrieren und es damit zu einem wertvollen Instrument der Gegenprobe zu machen. Am Beispiel der komplexen Wechselwirkungen zwischen dem Reich der Mongolen und dem Lateinischen Westen, bzw. genauer: zwischen den Mongolenkhanen und den Dominikanern, untersucht sie in drei kontrafaktischen Szenarien den Grad und die Qualität der jeweiligen Verflechtungen. ; This paper claims that historians need to address the contingency factor in history, and that counterfactual thinking can be a useful method of cross-checks allowing for a deeper understanding of causal and non-causal connections. However, counterfactual thinking needs to become incorporated into existing methodological approaches of modern historiography in order to be of any use. The paper therefore suggests integrating counterfactual thinking into the concept of 'entangled histories' by Shalini Randeria, which is illustrated in a case study on the late Middle Ages. The complex interactions and interdependencies between the Mongolian Empire and the Latin West, and more specifically between the Mongolian leaders and the Dominican monks in the thirteenth century are described as a history of entanglement. But to what extent and in which ways are the historical phenomena, we are looking at, entangled? Here, three counterfactual scenarios may help to cross-check the potential and the limits of the entanglement.

'The article is concerned with the problem of Early and Medieval royal succession in different circumstances: the death of two of Charlemagne's designated heirs in 810 and 811, the succession of Louis the Pious in 814 and the conflicts between Louis and his sons resulting in Louis's deposition in 833 and the division of the Carolingian Empire. Counterfactuals are employed in the interpretation of the events surrounding and leading up to the central political and legal problems of royal and imperial succession. Asking questions like 'What if... event x would not have taken place?' and - if possible - developing likely and less likely scenarios proves to be a valuable tool of historic research, especially with regard to the Early Middle Ages' grave lack of written sources. The overall effect of a methodic use of counterfactuals in this form is a d-construction or what still may be seen as a 'logical succession' of events.' (author's abstract)